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The Impact of Bank Loans on the Real Estate Sector in Iraq

The real estate prices in the Iraqi market have witnessed a significant increase in the prices of residential units, including land plots and residential buildings, especially after the approval of the new exchange rate and the provision of financial loans to employees and citizens. Therefore, real estate loans are considered one of the financing tools in the housing sector, whether these loans are directed towards the construction of new housing or the rehabilitation of existing buildings for housing. The housing market is an important component of the economic and social system, as housing is a commodity that is influenced by supply, demand, and the trade of materials involved in housing unit production. The housing system is also linked to the political system of the state, as housing policy is part of the state's overall policy. This influence can be direct, such as increasing housing projects, or indirect, such as reducing or prohibiting imports of construction materials like cement and iron if domestic production is insufficient to meet the needs. Additionally, the social system has a significant and direct impact on the housing system. The social system in Iraqi society is influenced by the type of family system and changes in the type of family and the stability of new families in independent homes, after previously residing in multi-story or horizontally extended dwellings with separate parts for each family's privacy and shared areas for all residents. All of these factors have led to changes in the housing system in the country. The importance of research lies in the role of bank loans, including real estate loans, in revitalizing the housing sector and addressing the housing problem in Iraq, given the financing challenges and the need for funding infrastructure projects and residential complexes. Iraq faces major challenges and problems related to the housing sector and the scarcity of residential complexes due to population growth rates, as well as challenges in the field of financing and bank loans that can contribute to strengthening the housing sector. Banking loans, including real estate loans, play a role in the development of the housing sector in Iraq. The research aims to shed light on the features of the housing sector in Iraq and the contribution of banking loans in financing the housing sector, as well as the initiatives of the Central Bank of Iraq and real estate loans in promoting the housing sector

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 03 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Tetradentate ligand Type N4 and its Complexes With CoII,NiII,and PdII.

           A  new  Schiff base  ligand  [2,3,8,9–tetra -phenyl-1,4,5,7,10,12-hexa azo-5,12- dihydro -6,11- dione 1,3,7,10-dudec-tetra-ene]  [H2L]  and  its  complexes In general formula [M(H2L)]Cl2 (where : M= CoII, NiII, and PdII) were prepared. This ligand was prepared in two steps,in the first step a solution of  benzil in methanol was reacted  under  reflux   with    semicarbazidhydrochlorid  to give an (intermediate compound)[benzyl bis–(Semicarbazone)] which was  reacted  in the  second   step with  benzil giving  the  mentioned  ligand. The

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 09 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Parametric Study of Active Solar Heating Using a Pebble Bed as a Thermal Collector and Storage Unit

In this study, pebble bed as an absorber and storage material was placed in a south facing, flat plate air-type solar collector at fixed tilt angle of (45°). The effect of this material and differ- ent parameters on collector efficiency has been investigated experimentally and
theoretically. Two operation modes were employed to study the performance of the solar air heater. An inte- grated mode of continuous operation of the system during the period of (11:00 am – 3:00 pm) and non-integrated mode in which the system stored the solar energy through the day then used the stored energy during the period of (3:00 pm – 8:00 pm). The results of parametric study in case of continuous operating showed that the maximum average temperatur

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 21 2022
Journal Name
Peerj Computer Science
Performance evaluation of frequency division duplex (FDD) massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) under different correlation models

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (massive-MIMO) is considered as the key technology to meet the huge demands of data rates in the future wireless communications networks. However, for massive-MIMO systems to realize their maximum potential gain, sufficiently accurate downlink (DL) channel state information (CSI) with low overhead to meet the short coherence time (CT) is required. Therefore, this article aims to overcome the technical challenge of DL CSI estimation in a frequency-division-duplex (FDD) massive-MIMO with short CT considering five different physical correlation models. To this end, the statistical structure of the massive-MIMO channel, which is captured by the physical correlation is exploited to find sufficiently

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 01 2014
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Comparison of Fatigue Life Behavior between Two Different Composite Materials Subjected to Shot Peening at Different Times

This paper investigated the fatigue life behavior of two composite materials subjected to different times of shot peening (2, 4 and 6 min).The first material prepared from unsaturated polyester with E-glass reinforcement by 33% volume fraction. While, the second one was prepared from unsaturated polyester with aluminum powder by2.5% volume fraction. The experimental results showed that the improvement in endurance limit was obtained (for the first material) at 2, 4 and 6 min shot peening times where the percentage of maximum improvement was 25% at shot peening time of 6 min. While, the endurance limit of the second material decreased at shot peening times of 2, 4 and 6 min where the percentage of maximum reduction was 29 % at shot peenin

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 20 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Evaluation with DFT Study of New Two-Amino-4-(4-Chlorophenyl) Thiazole Derivatives

2-amino-4-(4-chloro phenyl)-1,3-thiazole (1) was synthesized by refluxing thiourea with para-chloro phenacyl bromide in absolute methanol. The condensation of amine compound (1)  with phenylisothiocyanate in the presence of pyridine will  produce 1-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)thiazol-2-yl)-3-phenylthiourea(2), which is  upon treatment with 2,4 dinitrophenyl hydrazine by conventional method, afforded 1- ( 4 - ( 4 – chlorophenyl ) thiazol – 2 – yl ) – 3 - phenylhydrazonamide,N' - ( 2 , 4 -dinitrophenyl) ,(3).The characterization of the titled compounds were performed utilizing FTIR spectroscopy, 1HNMR and CHNS elemental analysis, and by me

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Ecological Engineering
Product Concentration, Yield Percentage and Productivity of Citric Acid Formation Using Aspergillus Niger Isolated from Palm Dates

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 15 2024
Journal Name
Civileng
Structural Performance of a Hollow-Core Square Concrete Column Longitudinally Reinforced with GFRP Bars under Concentric Load

Concrete columns with hollow-core sections find widespread application owing to their excellent structural efficiency and efficient material utilization. However, corrosion poses a challenge in concrete buildings with steel reinforcement. This paper explores the possibility of using glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) reinforcement as a non-corrosive and economically viable substitute for steel reinforcement in short square hollow concrete columns. Twelve hollow short columns were meticulously prepared in the laboratory experiments and subjected to pure axial compressive loads until failure. All columns featured a hollow square section with exterior dimensions of (180 × 180) mm and 900 mm height. The columns were categorized into

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2014
Journal Name
Aes-atema International Conference Series - Advances And Trends In Engineering Materials And Their Applications,
Back filler friction spot welding of pure commercial copper sheets to AA1050 aluminum alloy sheets (experimental study)

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Scopus
Publication Date
Fri Aug 12 2016
Journal Name
Iraqi Dental Journal
Pacifier Sucking Habit and its Relation to Oral Health of Children Aged 1-5 Years (comparative study)

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 30 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Synthesis, Spectroscopic and Biological Studies of a New Some Complexes with N-Pyridin-2-Ylmethyl-Benzene-1,2Diamine

 N-Pyridin-2-ylmethyl-benzene-1,2-diamine (L) was prepared from the reaction of ortho amino phenyl thiol with 2 – amino methyl pyridine in mole ratio (1:1) . It was characterized by elemental analysis (C.H.N) , FT-IR , Uv – Vis , 1H , 13C-N.M.R . The complexes of the bivalent ions (Co , Ni , Cu ,Pd , Cd , Hg and Pb) and the trivalent (Cr) have been prepared and characterized too . The structural was established by elemental analysis (C.H.N) , FT-IR , Uv – Vis spectra , conductivity measurements , atomic absorption and magnetic susceptibility . The complexes showed characteristic behavior of octahedral geometry around the metal ions and the (N,N,N) ligand coordinated in tridentat mode except with Pd complexes sho

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