Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in female and the most registered cause of women’s mortality worldwide. BI-RADS 4 breast lesions are associated with an exceptionally high rate of benign breast pathology and breast cancer, so BI-RADS 4 is subdivided into 4A, 4B and 4C to standardize the risk estimation of breast lesions. The aim of the study: to evaluate the correlation between BI-RADS 4 subdivisions 4A, 4B & 4C and the categories of reporting FNA cytology results. A case series study was conducted in the Oncology Teaching Hospital in Baghdad from September 2018 to September 2019. Included patients had suspicious breast findings and given BI-RADS 4 (4A, 4B, or 4C) in the radiological report accordingly. Fine needle aspiration was performed under the ultrasound guide and the results were classified into five categories. The biopsy was performed for suspicious, malignant or equivocal FNA findings. This study included 158 women with BI-RADS 4 breast lesions with the mean age of (44.6 years); There was a highly significant association between BI-RADS 4 breast lesion and FNA results (p<0.001); 51.9% of BI-RADS IV-C had C5 FNA results. There was a highly significant association between BI-RADS 4 lesion and the final diagnosis (p<0.001); 41.2% of BI-RADS 4 B had a malignant breast lesion, while 37.3% of BI-RADS 4 C had a malignant lesion. A clear relationship was observed between BI-RADS 4 subcategories and the fine needle aspiration cytology subgroups. BI-RADS 4-B is helpful in the discrimination between benign and malignant breast lesions; furthermore BI-RADS 4C has more acceptable validity in the diagnosis of breast malignancy. Therefore, BI-RADS subcategories are encouraged to be included and mentioned in the ultrasound report for more accurate estimation of the lesion nature.
Predicting peterophysical parameters and doing accurate geological modeling which are an active research area in petroleum industry cannot be done accurately unless the reservoir formations are classified into sub-groups. Also, getting core samples from all wells and characterize them by geologists are very expensive way; therefore, we used the Electro-Facies characterization which is a simple and cost-effective approach to classify one of Iraqi heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs using commonly available well logs.
The main goal of this work is to identify the optimum E-Facies units based on principal components analysis (PCA) and model based cluster analysis(MC
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The public budget in Iraq depends on a number of legislations across its fourth stages, starting from preparation to implementation and control; one of these legislations is the amended law of financial management and public Debt. No. (95) In 2004. Accordingly, the public budget cycle faces various failures, some of them resulted from the shortcomings in the legislation depended that effect on the public budget in a way or another; whereas the other failure resulted from no applying the legislation that adversely effect on the public budgeting stages that call for studying them and paying the attention toward them to present the suggestions that contribute in handling and developing public budgetin
... Show MoreIn this study the adsorption of cefixime on to selected Iraqi clay bentonite. The aim of this study is to search for selective active surface in adsorption of the drug and to act as physical antidotes in treatment of poisoning if the drug is taken in quantities higher than the recommended dosages. Quantitative estimation of the drug adsorption has been done by utilizing the technique of UV spectrophotometry in λmax (273) nm at different conditions of temperature (25, 37, 45) ˚C found the adsorption decrease with increase the temperature. Study of clay weight of bentonite (0.1-1.5) gm found the adsorption increase with increase of clay weight, study effect of pH (1.2, 3, 5, 7) on adsorption of bentonite found the optimum adsorption
... Show MoreIn this work, production of silicon metal at high purity of 99% by using Iraqi–starting materials (Iraqi sand and plant coal)was reported, electric arc–furnaces assembly was manufactured inside, the graphite electrodes were made from graphite scrap, this system is operate to produce about 800 gm /6hr of silicon metal to meet the need for manufacturing silicon oils, resins, solar cells, and electronic parts. The procedure, equipments and analysis data were described as well.
The current research was conducted to report the synthesis of alumina powder from Iraqi kaolin. The kaolin was transformed to metakaolin by calcinations at temperature 800 °C for three hours. Then the calcined kaolin was treated with (1.5 M) from H2SO4 for 6 hours to form Al2(SO4)3.12H2O solution. The precipitate was dried at 80oC for 10 hours and calcinations at different temperatures for two hours. The samples which result was characterized by X–Ray diffraction (XRD) and X–Ray fluorescence (XRF). The results indicate to the crystalline hydrate aluminum sulfate for the sample that be as – synthesis and when calcinations at 600 oC transformed into aluminum sulfate phase. The phases of alumina which we obtain consisted of a gamma a
... Show MoreOnomatopoeia has always been a functional poetic device which enjoys a high sound significance in the poetry of many languages. In modern English and Arabic poetry alike, it proves to be vital and useful at different levels: musical, thematic and at the level of meaning. Still, the cultural difference looms large over the ways it is employed by the poets of each. The present paper investigates the employment of onomatopoeia in the poetry of D. H. Lawrence (1885-1930) and Badr Shakir al-Sayyab (1926-1964) who are chosen due to the importance they enjoy in modern English and Arabic poetry and the richness of their poems in onomatopoeias. The conclusions reached at are in a sense related to cultural differences which govern the use of onomato
... Show MoreA gantry robot is one of the most common types of industrial robots with linear movement. This type of robot is also known as a Cartesian or linear robot. It is an automated industrial system that moves along linear paths, enabling it to create a 3D envelope of the space in which it operates. A robot of this type has a standardised configuration process because it can have several sets of axes, such as X, Y and Z. The gantry robot picks up products from several places, so it can search through various locations. Afterwards, it carefully deposits the products on a conveyor belt for the next stage of the procedure or final shipment. This integration enables continuous and automated material flow
... Show MoreIn this paper, a mathematical model consisting of a prey-predator system incorporating infectious disease in the prey has been proposed and analyzed. It is assumed that the predator preys upon the nonrefugees prey only according to the modified Holling type-II functional response. There is a harvesting process from the predator. The existence and uniqueness of the solution in addition to their bounded are discussed. The stability analysis of the model around all possible equilibrium points is investigated. The persistence conditions of the system are established. Local bifurcation analysis in view of the Sotomayor theorem is carried out. Numerical simulation has been applied to investigate the global dynamics and specify the effect
... Show MoreEach of the countries that make up the international community and active in international and regional relations has specific elements and tools. Their roles differ according to those components and tools. There are countries that play an effective and effective international role, while others play an effective and effective regional role. The international or regional role in order to be effective and influential must be based on a set of conditions that will give it a degree of credibility and achieve the objectives of the role. The state affects the decisions of other countries because of its ability, and the ability of the state to influence is not limited to military power only, but political, economic, demographic, technical, geo
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