As one type of resistance furnace, the electrical tube furnace (ETF) typically experiences input noise, measurement noise, system uncertainties, unmodeled dynamics and external disturbances, which significantly degrade its temperature control performance. To provide precise, and robust temperature tracking performance for the ETF, a robust composite control (RCC) method is proposed in this paper. The overall RCC method consists of four elements: First, the mathematical model of the ETF system is deduced, then a state feedback control (SFC) is constructed. Third, a novel disturbance observer (DO) is designed to estimate the lumped disturbance with one observer parameter. Moreover, the stability of the closed loop system including controller and observer dynamics is also analyzed by using the Lyapunov theory. Finally, numerical simulations are performed on the plant model of the ETF to demonstrate the efficiency and capabilities of the proposed control method.
Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were prepared with different diameters by sonoelectrodeposition technique using Electrodeposition process coupled with high-power ultrasound horn (Sonoelectrodeposition). The particle diameter of the CuNPs was adjusted by varying CuSO4 solution acidity (pH) and current density. The morphology and structure of the CuNPs were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). It was found that the size of the produced copper nanoparticles ranged between 22 to 77 nm, where the diameter of CuNPs increases with reduction the solution acidity from 0.5 to 1.5 pH and increasing the current density of the deposition from 100 to 400 nm. Finally the produced CuNPs were pressed to fabricate disc
... Show MoreThis paper highlights the main features of conjunctive adverbials and their occurrence in English academic prose. It accounts for the semantic roles of conjunctive adverbials, forms in which they are used, their positions within a sentence, and their frequency of occurrence in different registers with special reference to academic prose. It also tries to investigate possible differences in men's and women's use of conjunctive adverbials.
Keyword: conjunctive adverbials, linking adverbials, stance adverbials, circumstance adverbials, academic prose
Microorganisms have an active role in biotechnology for example yeasts, especially in some genus like Saccharomyces, Pichia, and Candida. C.tropicalis one of the most important species of Candida and despite it is one of the causative agents of candidiasis but it has a major role in the production of many chemical compounds. C.tropicalis in the previous study was isolated from sheep dung and morphologically and molecularly classified the result of sequencing was elucidate 100% similarity between the studied isolate and other isolates inserted in DNA Data Bank of Japan DDBJ, physiologically this isolate tolerated 6% ethanol concentration in broth media with the ability to the pro
... Show MoreForty different samples (water and soil) were collected from different places in Iraq and Syria. Only (6) isolates showed the ability to grow and utilize agar as a sole source of carbon and energy. Morphological, cultural characterization and biochemical tests confirmed that These isolates belonging to genus Pseudomonas (HK1-HK6) .Plasmid profiles results showed that these isolates were harbored (2 -3) small Plasmids . HK1 isolate was selected because of its efficiency and ability to grow in high density on agar media for transformation and curing experiments, these were checked by transformation experiments after their expression in E. coli MM294. The genes responsible for agar utilization were located on thes
... Show MoreWith the increasing rate of unauthorized access and attacks, security of confidential data is of utmost importance. While Cryptography only encrypts the data, but as the communication takes place in presence of third parties, so the encrypted text can be decrypted and can easily be destroyed. Steganography, on the other hand, hides the confidential data in some cover source such that the existence of the data is also hidden which do not arouse suspicion regarding the communication taking place between two parties. This paper presents to provide the transfer of secret data embedded into master file (cover-image) to obtain new image (stego-image), which is practically indistinguishable from the original image, so that other than the indeed us
... Show MoreAttention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting millions of people globally, is defined by symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention that can significantly affect an individual's daily life. The diagnostic process for ADHD is complex, requiring a combination of clinical assessments and subjective evaluations. However, recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have shown promise in predicting ADHD and providing an early diagnosis. In this study, we will explore the application of two AI techniques, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost), in predicting ADHD using the Python programming language. The classification accuracies obtained w
... Show MoreNowadays, it is quite usual to transmit data through the internet, making safe online communication essential and transmitting data over internet channels requires maintaining its confidentiality and ensuring the integrity of the transmitted data from unauthorized individuals. The two most common techniques for supplying security are cryptography and steganography. Data is converted from a readable format into an unreadable one using cryptography. Steganography is the technique of hiding sensitive information in digital media including image, audio, and video. In our proposed system, both encryption and hiding techniques will be utilized. This study presents encryption using the S-DES algorithm, which generates a new key in each cyc
... Show MoreFour samples were collected from the wastewater of State Battery Manufacturing Company (SBMC); Babylon 2 factory in AL-Waziriya district, as triplicates. Physical and chemical measurements were carried out such as temperature, pH, Lead concentrations and their ranges were: (19.5-34.5) °C, (6.1-6.4) and (4.5-6.5) mg/L, respectively. Six dominant Bacillus spp. isolates were isolated from these samples; namely, Bacillus subtilis N1, Bacillus subtilis N2, Bacillus subtilis N3, Bacillus cereus N4, Bacillus cereus N5 , Bacillus cereus N6. These isolates were capable of removing Lead from aqueous solutions in a capacity reached 27.6 ± 1.4, 10.1 ± 1.7, 74.5 ± 0.7, 8.93 ± 2.8, 8.1 ± 3.5, 1.6± 0.7 mg/L, respectively. Whereas cell walls,
... Show MoreUndesirable behaviors among students are consider one of the danger problems threating societies and educational and scientific institutions of countries because its one of the way to express aggression , so the instructors consider one of the most important people could be trust their evaluation and logical view , therefore the present research aimed to :
- Recognize undesirable behavior in students of University by the view of their instructors
- Measure the level of undesirable behavior in students of university by the view of their instructors
- Recognize more common undesirable behavior in students of University by the view o
The aesthetic dimension in popular subjects is one of the important topics in the history and culture of peoples, as it is the vessel from which their faith, traditions, original values, language, ideas, practices and way of life are derived, which expresses their culture and national identity, and it is the bridge of communication between generations throughout the ages.
It is one of the main pillars in the process of development and development, and popular subjects have special images related to real daily life, and they are the best source for man to narrate through him in his portrayal of daily life in general, and for the artist in particular, who is part of this daily life and its vocabulary, as he interacts with it so that
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