A retrospective study is conducted to identify factors that improve prospective animal studies; contribute to the optimization of animal protection from all unnecessary and preventable damage. Preclinical oral histology research from 2010-2020 is evaluated and 64 studies were reviewed relating to two interventions: bone trauma and surgical incision. The harm-benefit analysis is featured in this study through the application of the recent form of Bateson's Cube. Depending on its three axes, we can assess animal suffering, the likelihood of benefit, and the importance of research. The total number of animals used in the research is 2685. Rats, 51.6%, and rabbits, 48.4%, are the most commonly used animals. Research related to bone healing accounts for about 65.6%, while research related to wound healing 34.4%. The expert panel's estimate of animal suffering revealed that 57.8% had moderate animal suffering; 39.1% had mild suffering, and only 3.1% had severe suffering. Results revealed that hard tissue studies get more citations, 77.88% more than soft tissue-related research. However, the soft tissue studies show more concordance between preclinical and clinical studies. Continual efforts should be made to assure that when animals are involved in research, each study is well-designed, well-analyzed, and clearly published.
Carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) is widely acknowledged as a leading advanced material structure, offering superior properties compared to traditional materials, and has found diverse applications in several industrial sectors, such as that of automobiles, aircrafts, and power plants. However, the production of CFRP composites is prone to fabrication problems, leading to structural defects arising from cycling and aging processes. Identifying these defects at an early stage is crucial to prevent service issues that could result in catastrophic failures. Hence, routine inspection and maintenance are crucial to prevent system collapse. To achieve this objective, conventional nondestructive testing (NDT) methods are utilized to i
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The objective of this review was to describe the COVID-19 complications after recovery.
The researchers systematically reviewed studies that reported post-COVID-19 complications from three databases: PubMed, Google Scholar and the World Health Organization (WHO) COVID-19 database. The search was conducted between 21 November 2020 and 14 January 2021. Inclusion criteria were articles written in English, with primary data, reporting complications of COVID-19 after full
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When the drawdown pressure amounts to a value below the dew point pressure, a minor droplet of condensate is shaped and accumulated in the close area of wellbore. As the accumulation happens, the saturation of the liquid will grow and a reduction in gas relative permeability will happen, therefore it will affect the productivity. Generally, condensate baking problem in gas wells is being deliberated and studied and numerous techniques have been suggested to solve the problem. The studying of condensate banking dynamics is essential to evaluate the productivity and behavior of the wells of the gas fields.
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The power generation of solar photovoltaic (PV) technology is being implemented in every nation worldwide due to its environmentally clean characteristics. Therefore, PV technology is significantly growing in the present applications and usage of PV power systems. Despite the strength of the PV arrays in power systems, the arrays remain susceptible to certain faults. An effective supply requires economic returns, the security of the equipment and humans, precise fault identification, diagnosis, and interruption tools. Meanwhile, the faults in unidentified arc lead to serious fire hazards to commercial, residential, and utility-scale PV systems. To ensure secure and dependable distribution of electricity, the detection of such ha
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