In this work, two different laser dye solutions were used to host highly-pure silicon nitride nanoparticles as scattering centers to fabricate random gain media. The laser dye was dissolved in three different solvents (ethanol, methanol and acetone) and the final results were obtained for methanol only. The silicon nitride nanoparticles were synthesized by dc reactive magnetron sputtering technique with average particle size of 35 nm. The random gain medium was made as a solid rod with high spectral efficiency and low production cost. Optical emission with narrow linewidth was detected at 532-534 nm as 9 mg of silicon nitride nanoparticles were added to the 10 -5 M dye solution. The FWHM of 0.3 and 3.52 nm was determined for Rhodamine B and Coumarin 4800, respectively. This is good attempt to fabricate and operate high-efficient and low-cost random laser in the green region of electromagnetic spectrum.
Community peace is achieved in law-based states Constitutional institutions with competence and powers, and otherwise that peace is shaken and begins to collapse. The movement of individuals and groups in the State is regulated by law The law and its proper application without selectivity or exception, and then the sense of equal opportunity and equal rights grows every citizen looks at his spouse, what he has, and when he is unbalanced, a sense of frustration and stealing of rights is generated Societal peace suffers from the shocks of instability and what is reflected in the surrounding environment. Instead of production, demolition takes place, which impedes the achievement of the required peace.
... Show More
Praise be to God, Lord of the worlds, and prayers and peace be upon our Prophet Muhammad and his family and companions. And after:
For one of the greatest blessings of God Almighty upon us is the blessing of Islam, which brought people from darkness to light and from injustice and fear to security, justice, stability, and the preservation of blood, symptoms, rights, and sacrifices, because pride, strength, and dignity are what God chose and pleases His servants - namely - adherence to the Islamic religion, and in light of This must be said that the private legal defense (pushing the person) with its Islamic provisions and legislations is one of the great aspects that guarantees the establishment of a safe
The energy expectation values for Li and Li-like ions ( , and ) have been calculated and examined within the ground state and the excited state in position space. The partitioning technique of Hartree-Fock (H-F) has been used for existing wave functions.
Human interest in negative space has existential roots, in addition to its cognitive value of things. In the environment, it includes space features from facts and activities, as negative space plays an active role in the field of visual perception, and this value comes from the need to absorb vital relationships in its environment, Man represents the positive part of negative space through his presence in this environment, and therefore this is reflected in the design of its types and the function of each element in the design, for the real effectiveness that the elements gain and their impact comes through the negative space that surrounds them and organizes their relationships with other elements, that the orientation is distributed a
... Show More
This paper deals with novels for group of Iraqi Women novelists published in the time period 2003 – 2013, and the functioning of temporal anomalies in the Iraqi Women's narrative.
In general, the novel contains structural elements such as: the characters, events and the places, these elements must be collected by an artist creating a complete work of fiction. However the time dominates the other elements through progression and regaining called Time paradox, it has a modern critical importance because of its impact in highlighting of political, social and cultural events that make up the fictional environment which cast a shadow over other techniques. And that it is clear in the course of the narrative.
This is an empirical investigation of the tribal power in Iraq and its consequences on the socio-political system. A theoretical background concerning thestate kinship, tribe and tribal involvement in politics has been displayed with example of tribal power over people within the social context. Socio-anthropological method of data collection has been used, including a semi-structured interview with a sample of 120 correspondents. The outcome revealed that the feeble and corrupted state (government) play a vital role in encouraging the tribe to be dominant. The people of Iraq are clinging to the tribe regardless of whether they believe in it or not. Although they are aware that the tribe is a pre-state organisation and marred shape of ci
... Show More
In this study, a mathematical model for the kinetics of solute transport in liquid membrane systems (LMSs) has been formulated. This model merged the mechanisms of consecutive and reversible processes with a “semi-derived” diffusion expression, resulting in equations that describe solute concentrations in the three sections (donor, acceptor and membrane). These equations have been refined into linear forms, which are satisfying in the special conditions for simplification obtaining the important kinetic constants of the process experimentally.
The participation of Vietnamese women in the Vietnam War has not received the attention it deserves. This research paper, presented to the conference of the Department of History/College of Arts - University of Baghdad, held on April 25, 2024, provides a comprehensive overview of the participation of North Vietnamese women in providing military and logistical support during the years of the Vietnam-American War (1964-1975). It shows the belief of Ho Chi Minh, the leader of the Vietnamese national movement, and the Hanoi government in democratic Vietnam, in the ability of North Vietnamese women to assume many new roles that were unfamiliar to Vietnamese society, as well as the factors that led to the involvement of women in the war and the r
... Show More