Influence of Row Orientation and Planting Density on Some Growth Characteristics, Grain Yield and Quality Indices of Bread Wheat Cultivars

Mohammed Bassem Alwan; Rouhollah Amini; Aws Ali Mohammed; Adel Dabbagh Mohammadi Nassab

doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1487/1/012101

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Publication Date

Tue Apr 01 2025

Journal Name

Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science

Volume

1487

DOI

10.1088/1755-1315/1487/1/012101

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Influence of Row Orientation and Planting Density on Some Growth Characteristics, Grain Yield and Quality Indices of Bread Wheat Cultivars

Triticum aestivum L.

Seeding rates

Cultivars

Row orientation

gluten

Mohammed Bassem Alwan

Rouhollah Amini

Aws Ali Mohammed

Adel Dabbagh Mohammadi Nassab

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AbstractA field experiment was implemented during during of crop year 2023-2024 at the Agricultural Engineering Research Station of the University of Baghdad to evaluate the influence of row orientation and planting density on certain growth traits, grain yield, and quality indices of bread wheat cultivars. The experiment was designed as a split-plot arrangement within a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The main plots included three wheat cultivars (Iba’a-99, Buhooth-22, and Buhooth-10), while the subplots consisted of three planting densities (80, 100, and 120 kg ha−1), and the sub-sub plots were assigned to two row orientations: East-West and North-South. The results indicated that the Iba-99 cultivar significantly excelled in the number of tillers per meter square (439.14 tiller m−2), flag leaf area (43.45 cm2), number of spikes per meter square (348.31 spike m−2), number of grains per spike (50.03 grain spike−1) and grain yield (5.027 tons ha−1), while the Buhooth-10 cultivar were significantly superior in the gluten content in grains (33.15%). The 120 kg ha−1 planting density was significantly superior in the number of tillers per meter square (433.39 tiller m−2), number of spikes per meter square (347.20 spike m−2) and grain yield (5.207 tons ha−1), whereas the 80 kg ha−1 seeding rate significantly excelled in the number of grains per spike (50.82 grain spike−1) and gluten content in grains (33.26%). The East-West row orientation significantly excelled in the number of tillers per meter square (419.98 tiller m−2), flag leaf area (43.39 cm2), number of spikes per meter square (331.98 spike m−2), number of grains per spike (48.93 grain spike−1), grain yield (4.934 tons ha−1) and gluten content in grains (33.11%). The di and tri-interaction between studied factors hadn’t a significant effects on the most studied traits.

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