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Esterification Reaction Kinetics Using Ion Exchange Resin Catalyst by Pseudo-Homogenous and Eley-Ridel Models
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This work deals with kinetics and chemical equilibrium studies of esterification reaction of ethanol with acetic acid. The esterification reaction was catalyzed by an acidic ion exchange resin (Amberlyst- 15) using a batch stirred tank reactor. The pseudo-homogenous and Eley-Rideal models were successfully fitted with experimental data. At first, Eley-Rideal model was examined for heterogeneous esterification of acetic acid and ethanol. The pseudo-homogenous model was investigated with a power-law model. The apparent reaction order was determined to be (0.88) for Ethanol and (0.92) for acetic acid with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.981 and 0.988, respectively. The reaction order was determined to be 4.1087x10-3 L0.8/(mol0.8.min) with R2 of 0.954. The adsorption constants of acetic acid and ethanol were calculated as 0.023 and 0.044 L/mol, respectively and the lumped reaction constant were determined to be 5*10-4 L2/gcat.mol.min. The results of the reaction kinetic study show that the high acetic acid/ethanol molar ratio was favored. The maximum conversion of 70 % was obtained at 70°C for acetic acid/ethanol molar ratio of 4.

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 17 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Amorphological and histological study of the olfactory organ in Parasilurus triostegus (Heckel)
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The morphological description and histological structure of the

olfactory     organ     of    Parasilurus     triostegus     (Heckel)     have    been

investigated. The olfactory organ situated on the dorsal surface of the

head infront of the eye.

It  is  represented   by  elongated  olfactory  sac,  in  which  the

olfactory Lamellae arranged as Rosette- like pattern .

The olfactory sac connected with the olfactory bulb by short olfactory nerve. The olfactory bulb which situated near the olfactory sac connected wi

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 08 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Obesity and Overweight among Students in Arabic Secondary Schools in Erbil City
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Objective(s): The aim of the study was to identify the prevalence of overweight and obesity in adolescence and
to estimate the effect of socio- demographic and health behaviors that predicting obesity in adolescents.
Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was being carried out at three public Arabic secondary
schools in Erbil city from October 1
st 2010 to January 30th 2011. A systematic randomly sample size of 461 students
was selected.
Results: In this study, the age of (46.2%, 122) of males students were ranged between (17- 18.9) years old compared
to females students (74.1%, 146) their age ranged between (15 -16.9) years old. About (3.4%, 9) of males
adolescents having overweight while all female ado

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 15 2023
Journal Name
Alustath Journal For Human And Social Sciences
Autoimmunity and the Terroristic Schemes in Dan Brown's The Da Vinci Code
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From a medical perspective, autoimmunity reflects the abnormal behaviour of a human being. This state is shaped when the defense of an organism betrays its own tissues. Allegedly, the immune system should protect the body against attacking cells. When an autoimmune disease attacks, it results in perilous actions like self-destruction. However, from a psychological perspective, the French philosopher Jacques Derrida (1930-2004) explains that autoimmunity harms both the self and the other. As a result, the organ disarms the betraying cells, as the immune system cannot provide necessary protection. From a literary perspective, Derrida has termed autoimmunity as deconstruction for almost forty years. Autoimmunity starts with the stage of a norm

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Strategic Intelligence and Its Relation to Fifth Preparatory Students’ Achievement in Mathematics
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The research seeks to identify the correlation relationship between strategic intelligence and fifth preparatory students’ achievement in mathematics. To achieve this objective, stratified random sampling were used based on participants’ gender and the branch of study. The sample consisted of (200) male and female fifth preparatory students for both (literary and scientific branch) who were displaced to Arbil city in Iraq for the academic year 2016-2017. As for research tool, the researcher administered strategic intelligence test to the study sample in the second semester which was designed by Ibrahim (2017), it includes (30) items divided into five domains (predictability, organized thinking, future view, motivation, and pa

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Publication Date
Mon Nov 14 2022
Journal Name
Asian Journal Of Water, Environment And Pollution
Effect of Sodium Fluoride on Glycemic Index and Liver Functions in Rats
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From a health standpoint, fluoride (F) is a vital element for humans. It had harmful effects on numerous organs when consumed in high dosages. Fluoride poisoning has been linked to liver damage. The purpose of this study was to see how sodium fluoride (Naf) affected liver function and the glycemic index in adult male albino rats. Fourteen (14) adult male Wistar albino rats were randomly and evenly divided into two groups and given the following treatments for thirty (30) days: G1 Group (Control group), were given distilled water and fed a balanced diet, G2 rats were administered water that contained 100 ppm Naf. The animals were fasted for 8-12 hours before being anesthetized and blood samples were taken by heart puncture technique

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 15 2021
Journal Name
Al-academy
Inspiring heritage and symbols of local identity in contemporary Omani Graphic Art
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The research aims to monitor and analyze the visual and symbolic features, derived from the Omani heritage, and inspired by the concept of local identity, for a selection of contemporary Omani graphic art works, which represent a mixed, multi-category of research sample, comprising three levels: the works of professional Omani artists, and the works of young artists and specialized students, as well as the work of a number of active academics in the field of graphic theorizing and teaching. The sample is also divided - in terms of technical classification - into a category of works executed using traditional engraving and printing media, and a category of works executed using modern and digital graphic printing media.
Through the da

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Sep 23 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Toxicological and Immunological Effects o·f th.e Insecticide Diazinon in Male Albino Mice
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This st4dy  has been ccil'nd·ucted· to Â·shed a1ight 00: the

tox:icologital ®d irmm.J,nological effects.of the insectiCide Diaziuon

on male albino mice.

In order to determine the dose   whiCh should be ut\lized in he

chrqn:ic exposure  study, the LD:so valubas established  which rea.ched

58 mg l kg  of b0dy weight . Various parameters were· utHizea in

  • evaluatitig'the effects of tb:e.·ins.ecticide in fo.ut Weeks ami ig}1t weeks

..p,ost  ora.l - e.xposure l'lsing the concentrations 5, lb-  l.5 · mg I kg  body

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2018
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Crack Growth Behavior through Wall Pipes under Impact Load and Hygrothremal Environment
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This research concerns study the crack growth in the wall of pipes made of low carbon steel under the impact load and using the effect of hygrothermal (rate of moisture 50% and 50℃ temperature). The environmental conditions were controlled using high accuracy digital control with sensors. The pipe have a crack already. The test was performed and on two type of specimens, one have length of 100cm and other have length 50cm. The results were, when the humidity was applied to the pipe, the crack would enhance to growth (i.e. the number of cycles needed to growth the crack will reduce). In addition, when the temperature was increase the number of cycles needed to growth the crack are reduced because the effect of heat on the mechanical pro

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Publication Date
Sat Apr 01 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Correlation Expression between P52 and BCL2 among Iraqi Women with Breast Carcinoma
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Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Mon Jun 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Thermal Modeling of Solar Still Coupled with Heat Pipes and Experimental Validation
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Water is the basis of the existence of all kinds of life, so obtaining it with good quality represents a challenge to human existence and development especially in the desert and remote cities because these areas contain small populations and water purification requires great materials and huge amounts of fossil fuels resulting pollution of the environment. Cheap and environmentally friendly desalination methods have been done by using solar distillations. Passive solar stills have low yields, so in this research, the problem is overcome by connecting four heat pipes which are installed on the parabolic concentrator reflector with passive solar still to increase the temperature of hot water to more than 90°C, as a resul

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