The impacts of harvested cropland in the double cropping region (DCR) of the northern China plains (NCP) on the regional climate are examined using surface meteorological data and the satellite-derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and land surface temperature (LST). The NDVI data are used to distinguish the DCR from the single cropping region (SCR) in the NCP. Notable increases in LST in the period May–June are found in the area identified as the DCR on the basis of the NDVI data. The difference between the mean daily maximum temperature averaged over the DCR and SCR stations peaks at 1.27°C in June. The specific humidity in the DCR is significantly smaller than in the SCR. These results suggest that the enhanced agricultural production by multiple cropping may amplify regional warming and aridity to further modify the regional climate in addition to the global climate change. Results in this study may also be used as a quantitative observed reference state of the crop/vegetation effects for future climate modeling studies.
The research problem consisted in answering the question that revolves around whether there is a relationship to the settlement of salaries with the growth of bank deposits? The research also aimed to provide some initial solutions to improve the role of salary localization, in terms of reviewing the concept of electronic payment systems, its tools and channels, and then identifying the concept of salary localization, its importance, objectives and obstacles to its application, and then analyzing the reality of the state of the settlement of salaries and bank deposits for the research sample banks, which are each of the bank (Ashur International, Business Bay, the Iraqi Middle East for Investment, the Iraqi National, Development and the
... Show MoreThe photooxidative degradation process of plastics caused by ultraviolet irradiation leads to bond breaking, crosslinking, the elimination of volatiles, formation of free radicals, and decreases in weight and molecular weight. Photodegradation deteriorates both the mechanical and physical properties of plastics and affects their predicted life use, in particular for applications in harsh environments. Plastics have many benefits, while on the other hand, they have numerous disadvantages, such as photodegradation and photooxidation in harsh environments and the release of toxic substances due to the leaching of some components, which have a negative effect on living organisms. Therefore, attention is paid to the design and use of saf
... Show MoreThis research interested to study the structural configuration in the square kufi script, as the kufi script is one of the oldest Arabic fonts, and this name was named according to the city of Kufa, so its types, forms, and designations were numerous, including the square kufic script, which was characterized by being a very straightforward engineering script based on the principle of squaring in building letters to form an engineering body that governs its construction of a set of organizational relationships and design bases according to an engineering structural system. The researchers identified the problem of his research with the following question: What is the Structural configuration in the square Kufic script?
Therefore, the
The contemporary arts, including the graphic design art, adopted new concepts and methods that diverged from the customary rules of design, such as the method of irregularity, as a result of the art keeping up with the intellectual, scientific and technical developments that accompanied all fields of life which caused a problem in employing this technique because of its influence on the functional aspect of the graphic achievement. Hence, the researcher chose the title of the research entitled (the irregularity in contemporary graphic achievement) based on the following questions: a-Does the transformation of style in contemporary graphic design constitute a problem for the designs it produces?b- Has the contemporary graphic design achie
... Show MoreIn the present work the clathrate hydrate dissociation enthalpies of refrigerant R134a+ water system, and R134a + water + salt system were determined. The heat of dissociation of three types of aqueous salts solutions of NaCl, KBr and NaF at three concentrations (0.09, 0.17and 0.26) mol·kg−1 for each salt type, were enthalpy measured. The Clapeyron equation was used tocalculate heat of dissociation of experimental data for binary and ternary system.In order to find the effect of compressibility factor on heat dissociation enthalpy, the study was conducted by using equation of state proposed by Peng and Robinson Stryjek-Vera (PRSV). The obtained results of dissociation enthalpy for binary system were (143.8) kJ.mol-1
... Show MoreMonitoring lotic ecosystems is vital for addressing sustainability issues. The Al-Shamiyah River is the primary source of water for various daily activities in the Al-Shamiyah district. This study assessed the pollution levels of the river by measuring the concentration and distribution of heavy metals—specifically chromium, cadmium, manganese, copper, zinc, and lead—in both the river's water and sediments. The concentrations of heavy metals in the water ranged from 0.05 to 1.44µg/ L for copper (Cu), 1.57 to 7.25µg/ L for manganese (Mn), 0 to 1.7µg/ L for cadmium (Cd), 0.02 to 1.33µg/ L for lead (Pb), 0.08 to 2.74µg/ L for zinc (Zn), and 0.44 to 1.84µg/ L for chromium (Cr). In the particulate phase, the concentrations ranged from
... Show MoreThe Comedy of patterns dramas that gave Representative possibilities of advanced functionality and wide being dependent on the diversity performance piece , which is intended to provoke laughter at the receiver, through the diversity of genres performing between dancing and singing and Albantomaim and other methods that have made them distinct from the species dramas other being enabled Representative in dealing with all roles across mature and adaptation of his tools of physical and vocal , as the comedy discusses the societal issues many have a factor of psychological and behind their platforms as a tool face is not directly give way to vent citizen injustice and disadvantages of humans and these conditions need to techniques of physic
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