Genetic polymorphisms of genes whose products are responsible for activities, such as xenobiotic metabolism, mutagen detoxification and DNA-repair, have been predicted to be associated with the risk of developing lung cancer (LC). The association of LC with tobacco smoking has been extensively investigated, but no studies have focused on the Arab ethnic- ity. Previously, we examined the association between genetic polymorphisms among Phase I and Phase II metabolism genes and the risk of LC. Here, we extend the data by examining the correlation of OGG1 Ser326Cys combined with CYP1A1 (Ile462Val and MspI) and GSTP1 (Ile105Val and Ala103Val) polymorphisms with the risk of LC. Polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) and gene sequencing were carried out for genotyping the OGG1 polymorphisms of 123 LC patients and 129 controls. No significant differences in the frequencies of the OGG1 mutant allele between patients and controls were found. The distributions of heterozygous Ser/Cys or Cys/Cys genotypes of OGG1 were not associated with the risk of LC either according to the histological types of LC or based on waterpipe tobacco (WP) smoking status. In contrast, the combined effect of OGG1 variants with CYP1A1 and GSTP1 variants revealed a significant correlation with the OGG1 Ser326Cys—CYP1A1 MspI variants pairing. This association was significant (p=0.001) in individuals who carried homozygous or heterozygous variant type genotypes of both genes in a reference with carriers of both wild-type genotypes (wt/wt − wt/wt). The odds ratios were 2.99 (95% CI 1.67–5.36), 2.68 (95% CI 1.08–6.62), and 2.80 (95% CI 1.18–6.69) for those who carried (wt/wt − wt/vt + vt/vt), (wt/vt + vt/vt − wt/wt), and (wt/vt + vt/vt − wt/vt + vt/ vt), respectively. The study suggests a limited correlation is present between carrying OGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism and the risk of developing LC in Arab populations.
Limestones have considerable commercial importance because they are used as building stones and are widely used for flooring and interior and exterior facings. On the other hand, the reserve calculation reveals the economic effectiveness of the investigation. This study aims to calculate the reserve of the middle Miocene limestone for engineering purposes. The limestone beds of the Nfayil Formation in Central Iraq have been studied over 15 outcrop sections. The Nfayil bed has an average thickness of about 1.64 m, while the overburden has an average of about 0.93 m. The average bulk density of limestone is 2.1 gm/cm3. Kriging and triangulation method has been adopted and used in the calculation and assessment of rese
... Show More The theory of the epic theater has received wide attention by filmmakers around the world because of its great impact on the artistic work of the theater and its relationship with societies, and among these directors the Iraqi directors have been influenced by the epic theater and its applications in the show.
In order to find out the effectiveness of these influences on the Iraqi director, I found the need to do this study, which was divided into an introduction and a theoretical framework that included two topics. The first topic (Philosophical References and the Intellectual Foundations of the Epic Theater Theory) deals with the philosophical foundations that crystallized the epic theory of Burch and the mechanism of working
Background; paraphilias were studied in the sex
clinic, at Al-Rashad teaching mental hospital, in the
years 2009-2010, a subject never touched before in the
field of psychiatry in Iraq.
Aims of the study :
1-to identify the prevalence of types and number of
paraphilias in those patients.
2-to study the relationship of paraphilias with
sociodemographic factors of the patients.
Patients and methods; using the diagnostic criteria of
DSM IV TR, 52 patients from the outpatient sex clinic
at Al-Rashad mental hospital, collected and studied (41
males and 11 females).
Results; the ratio of men to women was 3.7 : 1, the
majority of our sample was in the age range of 21-30
years (36.35%), with a limited
Most vegetation’s are Land cover (LC) for the globe, and there is an increased attention to plants since they represent an element of balance to natural ecology and maintain the natural balance of rapid changes due to systematic and random human uses, including the subject of the current study (Bassia eriophora ) Which represent an essential part of the United Nations system for land cover classification (LCCS), developed by the World Food Organization (FAO) and the world Organization for environmental program (UNEP), to observe basic environmental elements with modern techniques. Although this plant is distributed all over Iraq, we found that this plant exists primarily in the middle
... Show MoreThe current research studies the digital techniques in order to identify the treatments with graphic techniques for the theatrical scene, which includes a number of programs and treatment tools with digital technique to identify the visual and aesthetic dimensions and outputs achieved in the design of the theatrical scene in addition to the options, that they provide in the design of a system of hypotheses for the theatrical world, In order to be an experimental mediator in achieving the creative hypothesis, which limited the research with a pivotal objective which is: identifying the digital techniques employed in the graphic digital design for the scene in the theatrical show. The research lies in its objective limits stated in the met
... Show MoreThe tested isolate of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae was isolated from root nodules of vicia faba plant from Baghdad ,the isolated bacteria was examined for bioemulsifier production when growing in mineral salt medium that containing 1% sunflower oil as sole carbon source . Rhizobium isolate was able to produce bioemulsifier with initial emulsification index E24% was 38%. Many of physical and nutritional cultural conditions for optimum emulsifier production was examined including : pH , temperature ,incubation period ,carbon and nitrogen source. The maximum bioemulsifier production form Rhizobium isolate was 64.5% when bacteria growing in mineral salt medium with pH 9 ,incubated at temperature 30 ºC , incubation period was 10 days ,
... Show MoreOnline service is used to be as Pay-Per-Use in Cloud computing. Service user need not be in a long time contract with cloud service providers. Service level agreements (SLAs) are understandings marked between a cloud service providers and others, for example, a service user, intermediary operator, or observing operators. Since cloud computing is an ongoing technology giving numerous services to basic business applications and adaptable systems to manage online agreements are significant. SLA maintains the quality-of-service to the cloud user. If service provider fails to maintain the required service SLA is considered to be SLA violated. The main aim is to minimize the SLA violations for maintain the QoS of their cloud users. In this res
... Show MoreNovel derivatives of 1-(´1, ´3, ´4, ´6-tetra benzoyl-β-D-fructofuranosyl)-1H- benzotriazole and 1-(´1, ´3, ´4, ´6-tetra benzoyl-β-D-fructofuranosyl)-1H- benzotriazole carrying Schiff bases moiety were synthesised and fully characterised. The protection of D- fructose using benzoyl chloride was synthesized, followed by nucleophilic addition/elimination between benzotria- zole and chloroacetyl chloride to give 1-(1- chloroacetyl)- 1H-benzotriazole. The next step was condensation reaction of protected fructose and 1-(1-chloroacetyl)-1H- benzotriazole producing a new nucleoside analogue. The novel nucleoside analogues underwent a second conden- sation reaction with different aromatic and aliphatic amines to provide new Schiff b
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