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Formulation and Characterization of Intranasal Drug Delivery of Frovatriptan-Loaded Binary Ethosomes Gel for Brain Targeting
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Background: Frovatriptan succinate (FVT) is an effective medication used to treat migraines; however, available oral formulations suffer from low permeability; accordingly, several formulations of FVT were prepared. Objective: Prepare, optimize, and evaluate FVT-BE formulation to develop enhanced intranasal binary nano-ethosome gel. Methods: Binary ethosomes were prepared using different concentrations of phospholipid PLH90, ethanol, propylene glycol, and cholesterol by thin film hydration and characterized by particle size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. Furthermore, in-vitro, in-vivo, ex-vivo, pharmacokinetics, and histopathological studies were done. Results: Regarding FVT-loaded BE, formula (F9) demonstrated the best parameters from the other formulas; with the lowest particle size (154.1±4.38 nm), lowest PDI (0.213±0.05), highest zeta potential (-46.94±1.05), and highest entrapment efficiency (89.34 ±2.37%). Regarding gel formulation, G2 showed the best gel formula with drug content (99.82±0.02%) and spreadability (12.88 g/ cm2). In-vitro study results showed that, in the first 30 minutes, around 22.3% of the medication is released, whereas, after 24 hours, about 98.56% is released in G2. Conclusion: Based on enhancing the bioavailability and sustaining the drug release, it can be concluded that the Frovatriptan-Loaded Binary ethosome Gel as nano-delivery was developed as a promising non-invasive drug delivery system for treating migraine.

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 06 2023
Journal Name
Research On Crops
Effect of fertilizers starter solutions on growth and production of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) 
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The seedlings of vegetables are exposed to stress states, especially through the first period, due to injuring their roots by transplanting or heavy rain , so it is necessary to provide an available nutrient to recover the growth and increase their early yield, which means more income for farmers. In this regard, an experiment was conducted in the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Agriculture Faculty, University of Baghdad, Iraq to study the effect of different types and concentrations of mineral fertilizers as starter solutions by using high nitrogen (N), high phosphorus (P) and neutral fertilizers (Q) at three levels which were 4 g/l (S1), 8 g/l (S2) and 12 g/l (S3) on broccoli growth and yield. The results showed tha

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 06 2023
Journal Name
Research On Crops
Effect of fertilizers starter solutions on growth and production of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italicaa) 
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The seedlings of vegetables are exposed to stress states, especially through the first period, due to injuring their roots by transplanting or heavy rain , so it is necessary to provide an available nutrient to recover the growth and increase their early yield, which means more income for farmers. In this regard, an experiment was conducted in the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Agriculture Faculty, University of Baghdad, Iraq to study the effect of different types and concentrations of mineral fertilizers as starter solutions by using high nitrogen (N), high phosphorus (P) and neutral fertilizers (Q) at three levels which were 4 g/l (S1), 8 g/l (S2) and 12 g/l (S3) on broccoli growth and yield. The results showed tha

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 25 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Evaluation of the relationship between curve of Spee and dentofacial morphology in different skeletal patterns
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Background: Curve of Spee (CS) is an anteroposterior anatomical curve established by the occlusal alignment of the teeth viewed in the sagittal plane. This occlusal curvature has clinical importance in orthodontics and other fields of dentistry. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the CS and dentofacial morphology of different skeletal patterns in both genders. Materials and Methods: Eighty six Iraqi Arab subjects (44females,42 males ) their age ranged from 17 -30 years, classified into: Skeletal I with normal occlusion(15 females and 15 males), skeletal II with CI II div 1 malocclusion (15 females and 15 males) and skeletal III with CI III malocclusion (14 females and 12 males). Forty one variables measured us

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 25 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Effect of disinfectant agents on certain physical and mechanical properties of type IV dental stone
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Background: Dental stone casts come into contact with impression materials and becomes susceptible to cross contamination from saliva and blood. This study was done to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of dental stone type IV after treatments with various disinfecting agents and regimes (methods). Materials and Methods: Type IV dental stone and different types of disinfecting agents were used and divided into seven groups: G1: dental stone without disinfection (control group), G2: dental stone mixed with silver nitrate powder 0.5% , G3: dental stone mixed with silver nitrate powder 1%, G4: dental stone mixed with copper sulfate powder 0.5%, G5: dental stone mixed with copper sulfate powder 1% ,G6: dental stone immersed in prop

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 31 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Experimental Measurements of Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity of Single Layer Graphene Based DI-water Nanofluid
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Experimental measurements of viscosity and thermal conductivity of single layer of graphene . based DI-water nanofluid are performed as a function of  concentrations (0.1-1wt%) and temperatures between (5 to 35ºC). The result reveals that the thermal conductivity of GNPs nanofluids was increased with increasing the nanoparticle weight fraction concentration and temperature, while the maximum enhancement was about 22% for concentration of 1 wt.% at
35ºC. These experimental results were compared with some theoretical models and a good agreement between Nan’s model and the experimental results was observed. The viscosity of the graphene nanofluid displays Newtonian and Non-Newtonian behaviors with respect to nanoparticles concen

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 03 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Alteration of cell aggregation and adhesion in Dictyostelium amoeba by an overexpression of paracaspase protein
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Dictyostelium discoideum amoeba is a powerful system to study gene function through genetic and functional analysis. Paracaspase (Pcp) is a caspase-like protein that has recently identified in D. discoideum. Study paracaspase molecular function in Dictyostelium will provide insight into its cellular role in more complex organisms and the possibility to use it as a drug target against the parasitic amoeba. In this study, pcp was tagged with Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) and over-expressed in the cell. The knockout version of pcp (pcp-) was also investigated. In the course of our examination, it was observed that cells overexpress Pcp was unable to complete the developmental process, leading us to examine its role in development. Those c

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 31 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering And Applied Sciences
Preparation and Study Some of Properties of Unsaturated Polyester/Soda Lime Glass-Sawdust Hybrid Composite
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Publication Date
Thu Jun 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Determination of Differential Cross-Section of (n+89Y) Elastic and Inelastic Scattering using Eikonal Approximation
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     Neutron differential-elastic and inelastic scattering cross-sections of Yttrium-89 isotope were calculated at energies 8,10,12,14, and 17 MeV, at angles distributed between 20o and 180o in the center of mass frame. The obtained results data were interpreted using a spherical optical potential model and Eikonal approximation, to examine the effect of the first-order Eikonal correction on the effective potential. The real and imaginary parts of optical potential were calculated. It was found that the nominal imaginary potential increase monotonically while the effective imaginary one has a pronounced minimum around r = 6fm and then increases. The analysis of the relative energy of the projectile and reaction

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Innovation, Creativity And Change
The role of the forensic accountant in achieving the integration of accounting and legal performance
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Publication Date
Sun Jan 03 2021
Journal Name
Le Infezioni In Medicina
Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is the dominant route of transmission: Droplets and aerosols
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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a pandemic worldwide. On a daily basis the number of deaths associated with COVID-19 is rapidly increasing. The main transmission route of SARS-CoV-2 is through the air (airborne transmission). This review details the airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the aerodynamics, and different modes of transmission (e.g. droplets, droplet nuclei, and aerosol particles). SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted by an infected person during activities such as expiration, coughing, sneezing, and talking. During such activities and some medical procedures, aerosols and droplets contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 particles are formed. Depending on their

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