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Phytoestrogens directly inhibit TNF-α-induced bone resorption in RAW264.7 cells by suppressing c-fos-induced NFATc1 expression
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TNF-α-induced osteoclastogenesis is central to post-menopausal and inflammatory bone loss, however, the effect of phytoestrogens on TNF-α-induced bone resorption has not been studied. The phytoestrogens genistein, daidzein, and coumestrol directly suppressed TNF-α-induced osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. TRAP positive osteoclast formation and resorption area were significantly reduced by genistein (10(-7) M), daidzein (10(-5) M), and coumestrol (10(-7) M), which was prevented by the estrogen antagonist ICI 182,780. TRAP expression in mature TNF-α-induced osteoclasts was also significantly reduced by these phytoestrogen concentrations. In addition, in the presence of ICI 182,780 genistein and coumestrol (10(-5) -10(-6) M) augmented TNF-α-induced osteoclast formation and resorption. However, this effect was not observed in the absence of estrogen antagonist indicating that genistein's and coumestrol's ER-dependent anti-osteoclastic action normally negates this pro-osteoclastic effect. To determine the mechanism mediating the anti-osteoclastic action we examined the effect of genistein, coumestrol, and daidzein on caspase 3/7 activity, cell viability and expression of key genes regulating osteoclast differentiation and fusion. While anti-osteoclastic phytoestrogen concentrations had no effect on caspase 3/7 activity or cell viability they did significantly reduce TNF-α-induced c-fos and NFATc1 expression in an ER dependent manner and also inhibited NFATc1 nuclear translocation. Significant decreases in NFκB and DC-STAMP levels were also noted. Interestingly, constitutive c-fos expression prevented the anti-osteoclastic action of phytoestrogens on differentiation, resorption and NFATc1. This suggests that phytoestrogens suppress TNF-α-induced osteoclastogenesis via inhibition of c-fos-dependent NFATc1 expression. Our data provides further evidence that phytoestrogens have a potential role in the treatment of post-menopausal and inflammatory bone loss directly inhibiting TNF-α-induced resorption.

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
The Quest for Stability in Willa Cathar’s Novle My Antonia
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    Willa Cather (1873-1947) sought to capture the gradation of human emotion through carefully selected descriptive and narrative touches and firmly controlled management of dramatic scenes, situations, dialogue, and point of view. Cather’s novels and stories drew increasingly upon her personal experiences and memories.

    The old settlement of Virginia and the new lands of Nebraska formed the bedding ground for Willa Cather’s talents; so did the layers of memory she found across the North American continent, from New Mexico to Canada. She saw the full-blooded European immigrants, Czechs and Swedes, plowing the unbroken land, on the way up from peasants to proprietors.

  &nbsp

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
Rawal Medical Journal
Procalcitonin Level In COVID-19 Patients: A single center study
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Objective: The study the association of procalcitonin (PCT) and c-reactive protein (CRP) levels in COVID-19 patients and it's role as a guide in progress and management of those patients. Methodology: This cross-sectional study analyzed 200 CIOVID-19 patients in a single privet center in Baghdad, Iraq from January 1, 2021 to January 1, 2022. Demographic data like age, sex, and clinical symptoms were recorded. High sensitivity CRP and PCT in the serum were measured via dry fluorescence immunoassay (Lansionbio-China). Results: Out of 200 patients, 50 had moderate Covid and 150 had severe disease. Mean serum PCT levels was 0.039±0.05 ng/mL in the moderate group (range 0.011-0.067) and 0.43±0.21 ng/mL in the severe group (range 0.21

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Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Sun Nov 23 2025
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Addressing the Press Websites of Cyclone “Laban” Disaster in Yemen
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This study has sought to explore the Yemeni online news websites’ treatment of the tropical storm “Luban” which hit the coasts of al-Mahra governorate, and other parts of the Yemeni Eastern and Southern governorates in October 2018. The study also examined how the Yemeni news websites covered the disaster on the basis of the problematic situation model. The study’s findings revealed a form of logical balance in distributing the coverage of the disaster in its different phases. The coverage was a bit more focused on the disaster phase than the pre- and post-disaster phases. Additionally, the websites paid more attention to precautionary measures and the disaster’s humanitarian and material losses. The findings reveal that the ne

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Crossref
Publication Date
Mon Nov 21 2022
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Sources of audio images in the poetry of the Islamic
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      الحمدُ للهِ رب العالمين ، والصلاة والسلام على نبيه الأمين محمد r وعلى آله الطيبين الطاهرين ، وأصحابه الغر الميامين:

             تعد الصورة السمعية مفهوما بيانيا نجده في البلاغة العربية واضحاً مؤثرا، مؤديا دورا جوهريا في إيصال الفكرة التي يروم الأديب إيصالها إلى المتلقي   ولا تبدو السمعية واضحة إلاّ إذا نظر إليها في حالة أدبيه تهز كيان الشاعر &nbsp

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2022
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
ADVERTISEMENTS IN THE CINEMA STARTING FROM THE MID 20TH CENTURY
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At the time when many important political events and evolutions took place, the cinema has been pretty active, and witnessed the historical events before and after the two world wars and the cold war. During the first half of the 20th century, the cinema had great interest from the major countries and their politicians, as well as the commercial turnout of large companies to invest in that field for the profits.  In the beginning of the 20th century, the major powers like the Soviet Union, the United States, Germany, Italy, England, and France started to compete in the development of their film industry and the investment of the new medium and the transformation of some famous works of fiction into films that perpetuate their cultur

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 30 2009
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Recovery of Catalyst from Tar Formed in Phenol Production Unit
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This work was conducted to study the recovery of catalyst and desirable components from tar formed in phenol production unit and more particularly relates to such a method whereby better recovery of copper salts, phenol, benzoic acid and benzoate salts from tar by aqueous acid solution was accomplished.
The effect of solvent type, solvent concentration (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 wt%), agitation speed (100, 200, 300 and 400 rpm), agitation time (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 min), temperature (90, 100, 110, 120, 130 and 140 oC) , phase ratio (1/1, 2/1, 3/1, 4/1 and 5/1) and number of extraction (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) were examined in order to increase the catalyst and desirable components extraction.
Four types of solvent were used; hydrochloric

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 01 2008
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
The Temperature Dependence of Photoconductivity in a-Ge20Se80 Thin Films
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The photoconductivity and its dependence on light intensity have been investigated in a-Ge20Se80 thin films as a function of temperature between (293–323)K. The result showed that the photoconductivity and photosensitivity increase with increase of annealing temperature. This behavior is interpreted in terms of the dispersive diffusion –controlled recombination of localized electrons and holes.

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 14 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
A Pragma-Stylistic Study of Misdirection in Selected Detective Novels
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The analysis of detective novels has taken different aspects. The linguistic analysis of them, for example, has tackled the linguistic systems of morphology, phonology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. In line with the linguistic analysis, this study explores the various pragmatic and stylistic devices realized through detective novels for the purpose of misdirecting and deceiving the reader. The problem is that when readers try to reach to the truth, they face difficulties. They might not reach to the right solution or infer wrong conclusions because writers use some techniques to hide the truth and mislead them. This study aims at examining these techniques and devices; namely, Grice's Maxims and ambiguity as pragmatic devices on the

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Crossref
Publication Date
Wed Dec 30 2015
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The sayings of the Scotty report in the six books
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The study of this topic is not to underestimate the previous studies but to the great importance of the Sunnis of the report. The reasoning of the Hadiths of the report is a kind of invisibility in that the significance is not a phenomenon such as the emergence of reasoning in the words of words and deeds. With the introduction of all types of Sunnah and protest, there is no difference between them, and that the Sunnis argument like other Sunnah. What we will see in the research.

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 01 2016
Journal Name
Al-academy
Unconventional materials in the contemporary sculptural composition: علاء محسن كَبيّش
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This study aimed to knowledge of the effects of the Traditional ore upon the structure of sculpture form, as well as to knowledge of new materials that was used for the contemporary sculpture. This study included four chapter: first chapter was specialized for methodical frame. such as problem of research. that it was abstracted by question about the reason that lead the sculptor to search from new raw to carry out his sculpture works? As well as the important of research and its limits was that define between year 1950 up to 2000. The second chapter included the theoretical field and previous studies, that formed from three researches, such as the fist about the materials, as it was considered master element at the sculpture formal. the

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