Background: In spite of all efforts, Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a fatal solid tumor with a poor prognosis as of its high metastasis and resistance to present treatments. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) such as erlotinib are efficient in treating NSCLC but the emergence of chemoresistance and adverse effects substantially limits their single use. Objective: in this study, the combination treatments of either 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) or cinnamic acid (CINN) with erlotinib (ERL) were tested for their possible synergistic effect on the proliferation and migration capacity of NSCLC cells. Methods: In this study, NSCLC model cell line A549 was used to investigate the effects of single compounds and their combination on cell growth inhibition, clonogenic potential, and migration capacity. Next, the Combination index (CI) and the Dose-Reduction Index (DRI) were determined to determine the nature of the drug’s combination and to measure how many folds the dose could be lowered for each drug in a synergistic combination. Results: the combination treatment demonstrated more significant inhibition of viability of A549 cells compared to individual therapy. Our data show that CINN augments the sensitivity to erlotinib in all doses tested. The combination of 2DG or CINN with erlotinib also reduced the clonogenicity of NSCLC cells up to 67% and 85%, respectively, as compared to the erlotinib single treatment. Furthermore, CINN +ERL decreased the migratory ability of A549 cells by 3-fold and further induced much more apoptotic cell death phenotypes. Conclusion: in summary, co-administration of 2DG or cinnamic acid with erlotinib increases the inhibitory effects of erlotinib on NSCLC cell tumorigenicity and migration.
It was found that there was a significant correlation between all tests of the mechanical and electrical activity of the heart (systolic force FC, stroke volume SV, end-diastolic volume, EF volume, and left ventricular volume during diastole LVDD) with the test of the oxygen-phosphating energy system (Markaria). - As safe (Margaria-Kalamen( It was found that there is a significant correlation between all tests of the mechanical and electrical activity of the heart (myocardial systolic force FC, stroke volume SV, end-diastolic volume EDV, and the percentage of heart pumpingEF blood, and left ventricular volume during diastole (LVDD) with the Lactational Oxygen Energy System Test (Wingate Test 30 Second(
The high bounce activity according to the fosbery way is regarded as of the difficult sports concerning its way of training and perfection due to hard technique of its performance on one hand and because it depends on the player’s ability to overcome body weight resistance against the gravity. In addition to the strong ability to control the body posture when leaving the land and flying over the barrier. This activity needs to high plosion power at the moment of bouncing and this plosion depends on the period of bouncing, so the two researchers aimed to use a mechanical bouncing platform and an electronic one through several training by one foot and both feet in different directions and positions in order to reduce the time of bouncing an
... Show MoreGymnastics is one of the most interesting games in terms of organizing various world championships and tournaments. Their basic skills and their technical development, especially those with high difficulty levels that rely on basic and complex skills, are the basic skills of gymnastics are the main pillar to be developed and therefore high-difficulty skills will not depend on basic skills, which should reach the stage of the automatic mechanism. Retention) in order to move on to training and developing another skill for the difficulty of movements as well as the smooth flow of performance, ie the degrees of difficulty of each skill specific to your gym and The researcher used the experimental method and The research community determin
... Show MoreThis study includes applying chemical tests on cow, sheep and chicken bones including both hallow and flat. The results of chemical tests on bones mentioned the moisture percentage which was between 4.95-7.32 %, and it was noticed the difference in protein percentage among different kinds of bones, The highest protien percentage was 39.62 % in hallow chicken bones and the lowest was in hallow sheep bones 20.31%, at the same time, the highest Ash percentage was in hallow sheep bones48.11% , whereas the highest percentage of fat was in hallow cow bones 30%. The chemical and physical tests were conducted for extracted fat from hallow and flat bones for cows, sheeps and chicken. It was found that peroxide values (PV), and free fatty acids (F
... Show MoreThe research aims to shed light on the financing structure, which is one of the important pillars of financial management in the commercial banking sector, which enhances its financial position through financing its various investments, which is one of the pillars of the successful economy of the commercial banking sector. in which country. The contents of the research variables, which were represented by the independent variable, financing structure, the dependent variable, and investment decisions in commercial banks, which the researcher tried to address, as the research began with a basic variable that depends on diagnosing the impact of the financin
... Show MoreBackground: The study aim was to evaluate thermocycling effect on microleakage of occlusal and cervical margins of MOD cavity filled with bulk filled composites in comparison to incrementally placed nanohybrid composite and to evaluate the difference in microleakage between enamel and dentin margins for the three materials groups. Materials and method: Forty eight maxillary first premolars were prepared with MOD cavities. Samples were divided into three groups of sixteen teeth according to material used: Grandio: Grandio. SDR: SDR +Grandio. X-tra: X-tra base + Grandio. Each group was subdivided into two according to be thermocycled or not. After 24 hrs immersion in 2% methylene blue, samples weresectioned and microleakage was estimated. Res
... Show MoreThe study aimed to highlight the reality of the functional pressures with its dimensions (role ambiguity, role conflict, role burden, glass ceiling, and discrimination in composition). The researchers also relied on the questionnaire as a essential tool for data collection. The field study was conducted at the University of Mohammed Khiedr - Biskra -, the study was conducted on the basis of the total survey, which included all the workers of the 6 faculties of Biskra University (523 female employees).
After the analyzing of the data using the version 21 of the statistical program Spss, The study reached a number of results, the most of them is the low level of the functiona
... Show MoreThe aim of this study was the discrimination of Salmonella isolated from chicken and their feed and drinking water for the epidemiological control of salmonellosis. Totally, 289 samples, including 217 chicken cloaca swabs, 46 water, and 26 feed samples were collected from five different farms in Karbala governorate, Iraq. Conventional bacteriology tests, API 20E, Vitek 2, and serology were used for bacterial identification. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied to analyze the genetic relationships among Salmonella isolates. The isolation rate of Salmonella spp. was 21.1% (61/289). While the water samples constituted the highest rate (30.4%), a rate of
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