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The indirect solar dryers with innovative solar air heaters designs: A review article
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Abstract<p>The drying process is considered an effective technique for preserving foods and agricultural products from spoilage. Moreover, the drying process lessens the products' weight, volume, and packaging, which prompts a reduction in the products' transportation costs. The drying technique with solar energy represents an ancient method, still alluring due to solar energy abundance and cost‐effectiveness. In this article, the previous manuscripts concerned with studying and analyzing indirect solar dryer systems that utilize innovative solar air heaters (SAHs) are reviewed. The results and conclusions are discussed intensively to clarify the significance of utilizing this type of drying technique. The effect of many parameters on the thermal performance and efficiency of the dryer systems has been investigated. The investigated parameters included the incident solar radiation, air flow rates, outlet solar air heater temperature, absorber plate material, moisture content of the agricultural products, and the shape and configuration of the SAH. Moreover, the manuscript outlines the drying rate mathematical models that were used to validate the experimental findings. Based on the review, it is found that solar dryer systems with modified SAHs designs rather than flat plate SAH have considerable effects on enhancing thermal performance and efficiency.</p>
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Publication Date
Tue Jul 01 2014
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
Article International attitudes to change in the Arab countries in the positions of analytical Read (United States, European Union, Russia)
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المواقف افي الدول العربية قراءة تحليلية في مواقف لدولية من التغيير (الولايات المتحدة - الاتحاد الاوروبي - روسيا)

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 04 2018
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Test the Efficiency of some Plants in the Tolerant of Air Pollution within the City of Baghdad. Iraq
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This study was designed to monitor the ambient air pollution in several sites within Baghdad City of Iraq. The readings started from May 2016 to April 2017. The highest concentration of sulfur dioxide (SO2) was 2.28 ppmm-3 while nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was 3.68 ppmm-3 and suspended particulate matter was 585.1 ?gm-3. This study also included estimating the value of the air pollution tolerance index (APTI) for four plant's species Olea europaea L., Ziziphus spina-Christi (L.) Desf, Albizia lebbeck(L.) Benth. and Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. Were cultivated on the road sides. The study includes four biochemical parameters, total chlorophyll content, ascorbic acid content, pH and relative water content of plant leaves. The results show that

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Publication Date
Sun May 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Comparative Study between the Behavior of the Concrete Thrust Block and the Restraint Joint in a Water Distribution System; Review
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Thrust blocks and restraint joints are the two most popular methods of counteracting the thrust force that generated at pipe fittings (bends, Tee, wye, reducers, dead ends, etc…). Both systems perform the same function, which is to prevent the joints from separating from the pipes. The aim of the study is to review previous studies and scientific theories related to the study and design of thrust blocks and restraint joints to study the behavior of both systems under thrust force and to study the factors and variables that affect the behavior of these systems. The behavior of both systems must be studied because they cannot be abandoned, as each system has conditions whose use is more feasible, scientific, and economic

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2012
Journal Name
Advances In Materials Physics And Chemistry
The Effect of Zn Concentration on the Optical Properties of Cd&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;10–x&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;Zn&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;x&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;S Films for Solar Cells Applications
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Publication Date
Thu Mar 28 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
The use of an innovative device to improve the efficiency of the posterior quadriceps muscle of the man after the anterior cruciate ligament injury of advanced soccer players
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Objective of the research This study aimed to manufacture an innovative device that enables the player to walk after the operation and improves functional efficiency through improvement in the range of motion as well as improvement in the size of the muscles working on the knee joint Imposing research There are statistically significant differences between the pre and posttests of the experimental and control groups, there are Statistically significant differences between the post-tests between the experimental group and the control group in favor of the experimental group of the research sample. The researchers used the experimental approach by designing the control and experimental groups with a test (pre-post) for the suitabili

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Analytical and Experimental Investigation for the Effect of Air Injection Angle on the Performance of Airlift Pump
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The effect of air injection angle on the performance of airlift pump used for water pumping has been studied analytically and experimentally. An airlift pump of dimensions 42mm diameter and 2200 mm length with conventional and modified air injection device was considered. A modification on conventional injection device (normal air-jacket type) was carried out by changing injection angle from 90  (for conventional) to 45  and 22.5  (for modified). Continuity and one-dimensional momentum balance for the flow field with basic principle of two-phase flow and expressions of slip ratio and friction factor as function of flow rates were formulated. The analytical and experimental investigations were carried out f

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 28 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Study of Possible Mutual Prodrugs of Amoxicillin and Metronidazole by Direct and Indirect Coupling through Spacer
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Amoxicillin have been conjugated with metronidazole as possible mutual prodrug to get a wider spectrum of activity by acting on aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, have antifungal activity, to provide protection for beta lactam ring of amoxicillin and also to improve patient compliance as it given as a single dose therapy. The structures of the synthesized compound were confirmed and characterized using elemental microanalysis (CHN), IR and some physiochemical properties. Biological study was done by using  disc diffusion method against different bacterial strains which are , Staphylococcus aureus , Salmonella typhie , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , E. coli , Klebsiella pneumonia and fungi ( Candida albicans) . using nutrien

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 16 2025
Journal Name
مجلة كلية التربية الاساسية
A MINI-REVIEW ON THE FABRICATION OF EXPANDED GRAPHITE AND ITS METAL OXIDE COMPOSITES FOR THE PHOTODEGRADATION OF DYES
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This mini review provides an overview of methods for manufacturing expanded graphite (EGT) and the use of its composites with metal oxides in the field of photodegradation of dyes. Dyes from textile manufacturing represent a significant environmental pollution problem in waterways worldwide, highlighting the need for environmentally friendly and efficient technologies to remove dyes from industrial and local wastewater. Photodegradation technologies offer a low-cost, sustainable solution with minimal secondary pollution. Carbon-based materials, such as expanded graphite, are advantageous in enhancing catalytic activity. Accordingly, this review will explore the different fabrication techniques of expanded graphite and summarize the recent d

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
A Comparative Study of a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor and Bio-shaft Technology for a Wastewater Treatment Process: A review
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In addition to the primary treatment, biological treatment is used to reduce inorganic and organic components in the wastewater. The separation of biomass from treated wastewater is usually important to meet the effluent disposal requirements, so the MBBR system has been one of the most important modern technologies that use plastic tankers to transport biomass with wastewater, which works in pure biofilm, at low concentrations of suspended solids. However, biological treatment has been developed using the active sludge mixing process with MBBR. Turbo4bio was established as a sustainable and cost-effective solution for wastewater treatment plants in the early 1990s and ran on minimal sludge, and is easy to maintain. This

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 01 2016
Journal Name
Al-academy
Abstraction and its relationship visual attraction designs in women's modern fabrics: حيدر هاشم محمود الحسيني
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The research problem identified to impose question followingDoes the abstract style role in the backs of visual attraction in modern textile designs?The research aims to reveal the role of the external design in modern women's textile designs printed, design and develop foundations for practical purposes to achieve visual attraction through abstract style used in the design of modern women's fabricsIn regard to the second quarter, which contained the theoretical framework and previous studies, it was included in the board three sections, the first section included the concept of abstraction, while the second section included in place of attraction and infrastructure design, In regard to the third topic was concerned with the concept of m

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