The researchers have a special interest in studying  Markov  chains as one of the probability samples which has many applications in different fields. This study comes to deal with the changes issue that happen on budget expenditures by using statistical methods, and Markov chains is the best expression about that as they are regarded reliable  samples in the prediction process. A transitional matrix is built for three expenditure cases (increase ,decrease ,stability) for one of budget expenditure items (base salary) for three directorates (Baghdad ,Nineveh , Diyala) of one  of the ministries. Results are analyzed by applying  Maximum likelihood estimation  and Ordinary least squares  methods resulting

In this paper, we present an approximate analytical and numerical solutions for the differential equations with multiple delay using the extend differential transform method (DTM). This method is used to solve many linear and non linear problems.

Hormones, their receptors, and the associated signaling pathways make compelling drug targets because of their wide-ranging biological significance to study the role of asprosin in obese male patients with diabetic mellitus type II. ELISA method was used to assay asprosin and insulin. Blood was taken with drawn sample from 30 obese normal patients with age range (40-60) years, 30 diabetic patients with age range (40-60) years at duration of disease (1-5) years and 30 normal healthy patients. The mean difference between T2DM according to insulin % (23.8±0.6) was increased than the mean of IFG (17.7±1.0) (P 0.000). The mean difference between T2DM according to asprosin (122.1±21.8) was increased than the mean of IFG (51.4±2.7) (P 0

     The most common artifacts in ultrasound (US) imaging are reverberation and comet-tail. These are multiple reflection echoing the interface that causing them, and result in ghost echoes in the ultrasound image. A method to reduce these unwanted artifacts using a Otsu thresholding to find region of interest (reflection echoes) and output applied to median filter to remove noise. The developed method significantly reduced the magnitude of the reverberation and comet-tail artifacts. Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm is most suitable for hyperplane differentiate. For that, we use image enhancement, extraction of feature, region of interest, Otsu thresholding, and finally classification image datasets to normal or abnormal image.

In this paper Hermite interpolation method is used for solving linear and non-linear second order singular multi point boundary value problems with nonlocal condition. The approximate solution is found in the form of a rapidly convergent polynomial. We discuss behavior of the solution in the neighborhood of the singularity point which appears to perform satisfactorily for singular problems. The examples to demonstrate the applicability and efficiency of the method have been given.

Home New Trends in Information and Communications Technology Applications Conference paper Audio Compression Using Transform Coding with LZW and Double Shift Coding Zainab J. Ahmed & Loay E. George Conference paper First Online: 11 January 2022 126 Accesses Part of the Communications in Computer and Information Science book series (CCIS,volume 1511) Abstract The need for audio compression is still a vital issue, because of its significance in reducing the data size of one of the most common digital media that is exchanged between distant parties. In this paper, the efficiencies of two audio compression modules were investigated; the first module is based on discrete cosine transform and the second module is based on discrete wavelet tr

Image steganography is undoubtedly significant in the field of secure multimedia communication. The undetectability and high payload capacity are two of the important characteristics of any form of steganography. In this paper, the level of image security is improved by combining the steganography and cryptography techniques in order to produce the secured image. The proposed method depends on using LSBs as an indicator for hiding encrypted bits in dual tree complex wavelet coefficient DT-CWT. The cover image is divided into non overlapping blocks of size (3*3). After that, a Key is produced by extracting the center pixel (pc) from each block to encrypt each character in the secret text. The cover image is converted using DT-CWT, then the p