لقد مثلت عملية التحول من النظام الشمولي الى مشروع اقامة نظام جديد ومغاير نقلة نوعية شهده المجتمع العراقي بعد 9/4/ 2003 القت بظلالها على مختلف الاصعدة السياسية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية، ولعل من بين ابرز تلك التحولات ذلك الذي تبلور على حول مفهوم الهوية الوطنية واعادة تشكيلها من خلال صياغة جديدة لمفهوم المواطنة الذي يفترض ان تكون القاعدة الراسخة التي يتأسس عليها المشروع الوطني الجديد الرامي الى إقامة او إعادة تأسيس الدولة العراقية الجديدة دولة المؤسسات وحكم القانون. والملاحظ ان عملية التحول الكبيرة والقاسية تلك وان كانت في مجملها مدعاة الى التفاؤل والامل في بناء دولة تحترم مواطنيها ويضطلع نظامها السياسي بالواجبات او المهام التي يتعين عليه انجازها، الا انها واجهت ومازالت عقبات كأداء شوهت ذلك الهدف، وقد لانجانب الواقع اذا ماوضعنا ( مفهوم الهوية ودلالاته) في مقدمة تلك العقبات، وذلك لان المفهوم قد تم تشويهه اساساً على مدى سنوات ومراحل بناء الدولة العراقية منذ بدايات القرن الماضي صعوداً. وعليه تنطلق هذه الدراسة من فرضية مفادها: ان اشكالية الهوية في العراق تعود الى تعدد وتنوع واختلاف المكونات الاجتماعية التي تبدأ بالقومية والدين واللغة وتنتهي بالقبيلة والطائفة، وعلى الرغم من التداخل والتفاعل والتعايش بين هذه المكونات الاجتماعية فقد بقيت الحدود الجغرافية لاتتطابق مع حدود المشاعر القومية والدينية والطائفية وذلك لتعدد الولاءات والانتماءات التي تستقطب كل واحدة منها مشاعر الولاء الاجتماعي حولها . وعليه فأن عملية بناء الدولة العراقية يجب ان تستند الى اسس وطنية مجردة من أية نزعات طائفية أو عرقية أو دينية عنصرية، لتكون الهوية العراقية الوطنية الواحدة هي الهدف أولا وأخيرا، ولكن ليس على حساب أية مجموعة أو طائفة معينة
Multilevel models are among the most important models widely used in the application and analysis of data that are characterized by the fact that observations take a hierarchical form, In our research we examined the multilevel logistic regression model (intercept random and slope random model) , here the importance of the research highlights that the usual regression models calculate the total variance of the model and its inability to read variance and variations between levels ,however in the case of multi-level regression models, the calculation of the total variance is inaccurate and therefore these models calculate the variations for each level of the model, Where the research aims to estimate the parameters of this m
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One of the most suitable materials to be used in latent heat thermal energy storage system (LHTES) are Phase change materials, but a problem of slow melting and solidification processes made many researchers focusing on how to improve their thermal properties. This experimental work concerned with the enhancing of thermal conductivity of phase change material. The enhancing method was by the addition of copper Lessing rings in phase change material (paraffin wax). The effect of diameter for the used rings was studied by using two different diameters (0.5 cm and 1cm). Also, three volumetric percentages of rings addition (3%, 6% and 10%) were tested for each diameter. The discharging process was done with
... Show MoreThe aim of the present research is to measure the degree of strategic effectiveness (fahs) in the development of grammar skills of high school students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and to achieve the goal of the researcher the researcher used the semi-experimental approach; On ten arbitrators specializing in grammar, morphology, curricula and methods of teaching the Arabic language. After confirming the validity of the guideline, the researcher prepared an achievement test consisting of (22) paragraphs of the type of short answer and multiple choice. The researcher trained a teacher to apply the strategy to the experimental research sample using the (screening) component of (30) students, and the same parameter taught the control sampl
... Show MoreThe research explain the analysis of finance investments through analyze the finance tables for commercial banks, by using the pointers to indicate the limits of economical benefit for these investments, and fix the negative deviations and as well positive, for the purpose of diagnostic the negative (disadvantage) and develop the advantage deviation, For the importance of finance investments in the development operation and economical growth, further to that the finance investments is represent one of the most activities in the commercial banks in which aim the adequate incomes as a result of the commercial banks act to receipt the banks deposits and then make it growth and develop through commercial advantage o
... Show MorePolitical terminology differs from any other type of terminology not only in the presence of political terminology, but also in content, structure, functions and the recipient who perceives it. Taking this into account, it is inappropriate to consider the semantic difficulties of translating Russian-language political terms solely at the semantic level. In our opinion, it is inextricably linked with the lexical, syntactic and grammatical levels. If we combine all 4 levels, then the following translation techniques can be distinguished: lexical borrowing (transcription / transliteration, tracing); modulation; generalization / concretization; omission / addition; descriptive translation; conversion [Komissarov 2013]. One of the most
... Show MoreThe paper deals with the language of Russian folklore. Folklore is a unique sphere of existence of the language, the most vivid expression of the national mentality. The folklore word embodied the perception and evaluation of the surrounding world. “What did the word in general mean for the life of the people? The word was equated ... with life itself. The word generated and explained life, it was ... the keeper of memory and the guarantee of the infinity of the future. The folklore text is studied by literary critics, ethnographers, historians, culturologists, and art historians. In the twentieth century, a new science emerged - linguo-folkloristics, the goals and objectives of which were formulated by A.T. Khrolenko only in the seven
... Show MoreIn this work, an enhanced Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) based on Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) sensor using a sided polished structure for the detection of toxic ions Arsenic in water was designed and implemented. The SPR curve can be obtained by polishing the side of the PCF after coating the Au film on the side of the polished area, the SPR curve can be obtained. The proposed sensor has a clear SPR effect, according to the findings of the experiments. The estimated signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), sensitivity (S), resolution (R), and Figures of merit (FOM) are approaching; the SNR is 0.0125, S is 11.11 μm/RIU, the resolution is 1.8x〖10〗^(-4), and the FOM is 13.88 for Single-mode Fiber- Photonic Crystal Fiber- single mode Fiber (SMF-P
... Show MoreE.M. Forster (1879-1970) is one of the important novelists who dealt with the personal and social lives of the people in England during the early beginning of the twentieth century. During his literary career, he developed gradually his views about man and his position in society.
In his first novel, Where Angels Fear to Tread (1902), the focus is laid on local and personal issues in the lives of the characters. It is limited to the relations between neighbours in small communities. Though the setting is shifted to Italy, Forster does not make full use of this shift to present cultural or racial conflicts; rather he limits his plot to the private tr
... Show MoreAccording to the measuring the relationship between organizational loyalty and job satisfaction among staff members at one college in the higher education ministry in Iraq by using exploratory factor analysis methods to extraction the components which have the major effects on the variables related to organizational loyalty and job satisfaction .
The research contains four basic topics، the first section related to methodology and regarding the conceptual framework it is discussed in the second section، and the third section concentrated at the presentation and the analysis Scientific results and practical results are section presented in the fourth.
In the article we consider features of official style, its functions and factors which influence the definition of the style. The topicality of the issue can be explained by rapid development of market economy which affects in its turn business correspondence. In this regard, there are a lot of cliché, terms and professionalisms appeared recently. Only correct usage of them can serve as a key to successful communication in Russian as well as other languages. This work highlights documents that are part of the diplomatic style such as declarations, credentials, notes, resolutions and other documents. The administrative style can include orders and instructions.
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