Tin dioxide doped silver oxide thin films with different x content (0, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07) have been prepared by pulse laser deposition technique (PLD) at room temperatures (RT). The effect of doping concentration on the structural and electrical properties of the films were studied. Atomic Force Measurement (AFM) measurements found that the average value of grain size for all films at RT decrease with increasing of AgO content. While an average roughness values increase with increasing x content. The electrical properties of these films were studied with different x content. The D.C conductivity for all films increases with increasing x content. Also, it found that activation energies decrease with increasing of AgO content for all films.

       The economic development and intense competition may make economic units neglected the social aspect as a service workers and the environment, the community and focus on the economic side and achieve profitability only, which puts it in a position of accountability of trade unions and bodies, environment, health, civil society organizations and the focus of many studies accounting in order to clarify social activities and disclosed in the financial statements, increasing pressure from multiple parties calling for governments to issue laws and regulations oblige economic units to disclose complete and accurate information in a timely manner for all social activities and be subj

Binuclear metal complexes of the metal ions Fe (II), Co (II), Ni (II) and Cu (II) were synthesized by the reaction of these metal ions with the imine of benzidine (H2L) as a primary ligand and o-phenylenediammine (OPD) as a secondary ligand  in a molar ratio of 2:2:1. The prepared complexes were characterized using CHN elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV-visible, molar conductivity, magnetic susceptibility and TGA-DTA thermogravimetric analysis. All the prepared complexes showed apparent stability and could be stored for months without any appreciable change. According to the results obtained by elemental and spectral analyses, a tetrahedral structure is suggested for all the prepared complexes, except for the copper complex which showed

Effect of copper doping and thermal annealing on the structural and optical properties of Zn0.5Cd0.5S thin films prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis have been studied. Depositions were done at 250°C on glass substrate. The structural properties and surface morphology of deposited films were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and photomicroscope (PHM) techniques. XRD studies reveal that all films are crystalline tetragonal structure. The film crystallinity are increased with 1% Cu-doping concentration and also increased for the films annealed at 300°C than the other studied cases. The lattice constant 'a' and 'c' varies with doping concentrations from 5.487Å to 5.427Å and 10.871Å to 10.757Å respectively. The grain size attained

A water crisis is a circumstance in which a region accessible potable, unpolluted water is less than the requirement of that country. Two converging trends cause water scarcity, that are expanded use of irrigation, and loss of available freshwater supplies. Water scarcity can arise from two mechanisms, the physical water scarcity because of deficient natural water supply to fulfil the country demand, and economic water scarcity due to bad management for sufficient available water resources. This research examines data set as multispectral Landsat 8 satellite images that are detected for Basrah city, located in southern Iraq, and positioned between Kuwait and Iran on the Shatt al-Arab. Such raw data are satellite images. Using ENVI 5.3 softw

In this paper, Zinc oxide were deposited on a glass substrate at room temperature (RT) and two annealing temperatures 350ºC and 500ºC using laser induced plasma technique. ZnO nanofilms of 200nm thickness have been deposited on glass substrate. X-RAY diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy and UV-visible spectrophotometer were used to analyze the results. XRD forms of ZnO nanostructure display hexagonal structure with three recognized peaks (100), (002), and (101) orientations at 500ºC annealing temperature. The optical properties of ZnO nanostructure were determined spectra. The energy gap was 3.1 eV at 300 ^oC and 3.25eV at 500ºC annealing temperature.

New Schiff bases derivatives [IV]a-e is prepared via condensation of Derythroascorbic acid with p-substituted aldehydes in dry benzene. To obtain these derivatives, the 5,6-O-isopropylidene-L-ascorbic acid[I] was chosen as starting material, compound prepared from the reaction of L-ascorbic acid as starting material. Compound[I] was prepared from the reaction of L-ascorbic acid with dry acetone in the presence of hydrogen chloride. The esterification of hydroxyl groups at C-2 and C-3 positions with excess ofethyl α –chloroacetate in the presence of sodium acetate produce acorresebonding ester [II] , which was condensed with hydrazine hydrate to give new hydrazide [III] . The new Schiff bases [IV]a-e were synthesized by reaction of acid h

  Alloys of Bi2[Te1-x Sex]3 were prepared by melting technique with different values of  Se percentage (x=0,0.1,0.3,0.5,0.7,0.9  and 1). Thin films of these alloys were prepared by using thermal evaporation technique under vacuum of 10-5 Torr on glass substrates, deposited at room temperature with a deposition rate (12nm/min) and a constant thickness (450±30 nm). The concentrations of the initial elements Bi, Te and Se in the Bi2 [Te1-x Sex]3 alloys with different values of Se percentage (x), were determined by XRF,The morphological and structural properties were determined by AFM and XRD techniques.  AFM images of Bi2[Te1-x Sex]3 thin films  show that the average diameter and the average surface roughness inc

In this work, nanostructure porous silicon surface was prepared using electrochemical etching method under different current densities. I have studied the surface morphology and photoluminescence (PL) of three samples prepared at current densities 20, 30 and 40 mA/cm2 at fixed etching time 10 min. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) images of porous silicon showed that the nanocrystalline silicon pillars and voids over the entire surface has irregular and randomly distributed. Photoluminescence study showed that the emission peaks centered at approximately (600 – 612nm) corresponding energies (2.06 – 2.02eV).
While current-voltage characteristics shows, as the current density increase the current flow in the forward bias is decreasi