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Robust adaptive active disturbance rejection control of an electric furnace using additional continuous sliding mode component
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The temperature control process of electric heating furnace (EHF) systems is a quite difficult and changeable task owing to non-linearity, time delay, time-varying parameters, and the harsh environment of the furnace. In this paper, a robust temperature control scheme for an EHF system is developed using an adaptive active disturbance rejection control (AADRC) technique with a continuous sliding-mode based component. First, a comprehensive dynamic model is established by using convection laws, in which the EHF systems can be characterized as an uncertain second order system. Second, an adaptive extended state observer (AESO) is utilized to estimate the states of the EHF system and total disturbances, in which the observer gains are updated online by a non-linear observer bandwidth, that is as a function of the observation errors. Moreover, with the help of disturbance estimation, a novel sliding manifold is constructed with parameters adaptively adjusted by a dynamic nonlinear bandwidth function to reduce the impact of high gain problems, especially noise-sensitivity. A continuous sliding-mode (CSM) based component is also designed to handle disturbance estimation errors. Third, the stability of the closed loop system, including the proposed controller and estimator, is mathematically proved using the Lyapunov theorem. Finally, the comparative simulation results show that the proposed method has superior robustness and temperature tracking performance.

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 02 2024
Journal Name
F1000research
Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Pelargonium Graveolens leaf extract: characterization and anti-microbial properties (An in-vitro study)
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Background In recent years, there has been a notable increase in the level of attention devoted to exploring capabilities of nanoparticles, specifically gold nanoparticles AuNPs, within context of modern times. AuNPs possess distinct biophysical properties, as a novel avenue as an antibacterial agent targeting Streptococcus Mutans and Candida Albicans. The aim of this study to create a nano-platform that has the potential to be environmentally sustainable, in addition to exhibiting exceptional antimicrobial properties against Streptococcus Mutans as well as Candida Albicans. Methods this study involved utilization of Pelargonium Graveolens leaves extract as a cost effective and environmentally sustainable app

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
E3s Web Of Conferences
Enhancing the Ability of The Square Footing to Resist Positive and Negative Eccentric Inclined Loading Using an Inclined Skirt
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Laboratory model tests were performed to investigate the behavior of shallow and inclined skirted foundations placed on sandy soil with R.D%=30 and the extent of the impact of the positive and negative eccentric-inclined loading effect on them. To achieve the experimental tests, it was used a box of (600×600) mm cross-sectional and 600mm in height and a square footing of (50*50) mm and 10 mm in thickness attached to the skirt with Ds=0.5B and various an angle of (10°, 20°, 30°). The results showed that using skirts leads to a significant improvement in load-carrying capacity and decreased settlement. In addition, when the skirt angle increased, the ultimate load improved. Load-carrying capacity decreased with increasing eccentri

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2013
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Isolation of some active materials and aqueous, alcoholic and oil seed extracts of the plant (Curcuma longa (and study Antibacterial and anticancer activity
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This study included isolation of some active materials from Curcuma longa such as tannins, saponins and volatile oils with percentage of 59%, 31%, and 9% respectively. Also the study included the determination of minerals in Curcuma longa such as " Na, Ca and K" using Flame photometer. The concentrations of these minerals were (14 ppm),(10 ppm) and )76 ppm) respectively. The anti-bacterial activity study was performed for the active materials isolated from Curcuma longa against two genus of pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia Coli and Staphylococcus aurous by using agar-well diffusion method. It appeared from this study that all of the extraction have inhibitory effect on bacteria was used. The inhibition zone diameter varies with

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Publication Date
Mon Nov 01 2021
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Study of Seed Soaking and Foliar Application of Ascorbic Acid, Citric Acid and Humic Acid on Growth, Yield and Active Components In Maize
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Foliar application and seed soaking has been used as a means of supplying supplemental doses of nutrients, plant hormones, stimulants, and organic components. the effects of these applications have included yield increases, and improved drought tolerance, and enhanced crop quality, so A field experiment was carried out during spring seasons in 2019 and 2020 for styding Seed soaking and Foliar Application of Ascorbic acid, Citric acid and Humic acid on Growth, Yield and Active Components IN Maize. Randomized complete block design in split plots arrangement was used with three replicates. Main-plots were for seeds soaking with ascorbic, citric (100 mg l-1) frequently and humic at (1 ml l-1). Sub-plots were for vegetative parts nutrition with

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 28 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Conflict of Active Regional and International Powers over Nagorny Karabakh Region: وداد حسين خضير علي , و مهيمن عبد الحليم طه الوادي
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      The current study is descriptive; it focuses on studying the contemporary geopolitical problem, and sectarian differences in Caucasus. Nagorno-Karabakh is considered an important disputed region nowadays. Many parties and states participated in this dispute, especially after the conflict had developed into an open war between Armenia and Azerbaijan. Thus, the study aims to examine the causes of the conflict in this region, analyze the international positions on this conflict, and find if Armenia was able to occupy this region. The methodology adopted by the researchers is the functional approach, and the theory of power analysis that Cohen created for analyzing all strengths that drove each of the parties t

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 01 2018
Journal Name
2018 Tenth International Conference On Advanced Computational Intelligence (icaci)
On high-level control of power-augmentation lower extremity exoskeletons: Human walking intention
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Publication Date
Fri Jun 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Statistical Quality Control of Industrial Products at the General Company for Vegetable Oils
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This research includes the using of statistical to improve the quality of can plastics which is produced at the state company for Vegetable oils (Almaamon factory ) by using the percentage defective control chart ( p-chart ) of a fixed sample. A sample of size (450) cans daily for (30) days was selected to determine the rejected product . Operations research with a (win QSB ) package for ( p-chart ) was used to determine test quality level required for product specification to justify that the process that is statistically controlled.
The results show high degree of accuracy by using the program and the mathematical operations (primary and secondary ) which used to draw the control limits charts and to reject the statistically uncontr

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Achieve the requirements of the Administrative Control according to human resource management practices
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Human Resources Management Practices (HRMP) and managerial control represent two academic fields that have been and still are the focus of many studies. However, merging both fields and studying the relationship that connects them and also the role that HRMP play in achieving the requirements of managerial control represents a new and novel study according to the available literature in these fields.

To achieve these goals, this study has been conducted, using the surveying questionnaire method, on a sample of ten general inspector offices in Iraq that work in the field of control for ministries and independent committees. A questionnaire has been used to collect the data which was analyzed with several s

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 18 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Control Over The Medical Evacuation Program in light of the Government's Accounting System
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The accounting system of government is considered an important tool to follow up the financial transactions that reflect the activities of governmental units and by which the useful information for estimating governmental annual revenues and expenditures are provided through the state public budget because it is an information system that provides detailed past performance, as well as measures the efficiency of the governmental agencies performance in implementing the budget, and the of success governmental units is measured through the type of services and programs offered, their size and the possibility of achieving the objectives assigned to them. The medical evacuation program is one of the medical and curative health services provid

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 23 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Comparative study of between P chart and Multinomial Fuzzy quality control chart ( FM).
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Quality is one of the important criteria to determine the success of product. So quality control is required for all stages of production to ensure a good final product with lowest possible losses. Control charts are the most important means used to monitor the quality and its accuracy is measured by quickly detecting unusual changes in the quality to maintain the product and reduce the costs and losses that may result from the defective items. There are different types of quality control charts and new types appeases involving the concept of fuzziness named multinomial fuzzy quality control chart (FM) , dividing the product to accepted and not may not be accurate therefore adding fuzziness concept to quality charts confirm and a

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