<span lang="EN-US">The fundamental of a downlink massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) energy- issue efficiency strategy is known as minimum mean squared error (MMSE) implementation degrades the performance of a downlink massive MIMO energy-efficiency scheme, so some improvements are adding for this precoding scheme to improve its workthat is called our proposal solution as a proposed improved MMSE precoder (PIMP). The energy efficiency (EE) study has also taken into mind drastically lowering radiated power while maintaining high throughput and minimizing interference issues. We further find the tradeoff between spectral efficiency (SE) and EE although they coincide at the beginning but later their interests become conflicting and divergent then leading EE to decrease so gradually while SE continues increasing logarithmically. The results achieved that for a single-cellular massive MU-MIMO downlink model, our PIMP scheme is the appropriate scenario to achieve higher precoding performance system. Furthermore, both maximum ratio transmission (MRT) and PIMP are suitable for performance improvement in massive MIMO results of EE and SE. So, the main contribution comes with this work that highest EE and SE are belong to use a PIMP which performs better appreciably than MRT at bigger ratio of number of antennas to the number of the users. </span>
The importance of this research is due to its importance goals, Which are about the attempt of researchers to investigate the probability of depending on businesses, environments to transform organizations, performance in away that enhance the leading role of organizations in their environments , and through views of a number of the staff working in the foundation of technical institutes in Mosul. .
After deciding the methodology of the study that ,in one hand ,performs the goals of the study , and achieving a suitable theoretical framework to present the concepts of businesses, environments and the leadin
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This study aims at investigating the effectiveness of the cooperative inquiry strategy in developing the achievement and development of mathematical communication skills of elementary school students. To achieve this aim, the experimental method was utilized. The study sample consisted of an experimental group (n = 34) and a control group (n = 31), which were randomly selected from primary schools. A Teacher's Guide for teaching a unit entitled "Statistics and Graphic Representations" for the sixth elementary graders in the first semester were devised. A (30) multiple-choice item achievement test distributed at the levels of (recall, comprehension, and application), as well as an (18) item mathematical c
... Show MoreThe Study addressed the effectiveness of dialogic communication in online public relations with an audience of higher education institutions in the United Arab Emirates. The study aimed to know about the interest extent of higher education institutions through their websites with the elements of dialogic communication in online public relations to communicate with their audience. The researcher used survey methodology and content Analysis tool as an essential tool for collecting information. Some of the important results of the study are: The websites of higher education institutions in terms of indicators of ease of use; the main links on the websites are clearly available on the opening page, there is a map on the websites, reduce depe
... Show MoreObjective: The approximate life span of a silicone maxillofacial prosthesis is as short as1.5–2 years of clinical service, then a new prosthesis should be fabricated. The most common reasonfor re-making the prosthesis is silicone mechanical properties degradation. The aim of this studywas to assess some mechanical properties of VST-30 silicone for maxillofacial prostheses after addi-tion of intrinsic pigments.Methods: Two types of intrinsic pigments (rayon flocking and burnt sienna); each of them wasincorporated into silicone. One hundred and twenty samples were prepared and split into 4 groupsaccording to the conducted tests (tear strength, hardness, surface roughness, and tensile strengthand elongation percentage) with 30 samples for ea
... Show MoreReactive Powder Concrete (RPC) can be incorporate as a one of the most important and progressive concrete technology. It is a special type of ultra-high strength concrete (UHSC) that’s exclude the coarse aggregate from its constitutive materials. In this research an experimental study had been carried out to investigate the effect of using three types of materials (porcelain aggregate) and others sustainable materials (glass waste and granular activated carbon) as a partial replacement of fine aggregate. Four percentages had considered (0, 10, 15 and 20) % to achieve better understanding for the influence of these materials upon the compressive strength of RPC. Four curing ages had included in this study, these are; 7, 28, 60 and
... Show MoreReactive Powder Concrete (RPC) can be incorporate as a one of the most important and progressive concrete technology. It is a special type of ultra-high strength concrete (UHSC) that’s exclude the coarse aggregate from its constitutive materials. In this research an experimental study had been carried out to investigate the effect of using three types of materials (porcelain aggregate) and others sustainable materials (glass waste and granular activated carbon) as a partial replacement of fine aggregate. Four percentages had considered (0, 10, 15 and 20) % to achieve better understanding for the influence of these materials upon the compressive strength of RPC. Four curing ages had included in this study, these are; 7, 28, 60 and
... Show MoreDynamic loads highly influence soil properties and may cause real damage to structures and buildings. This article reports the experimental results from 24 tests to study the settlement of flexible and rigid raft foundation with different embedment depth rested on dense sandy soil. A small scale building model of dimension 200*200 mm and 320 mm in height was performed with reinforced concrete raft foundation of 10 mm thickness for flexible raft and 23 mm for rigid raft, The shaking table technique was used to simulate the seismic effect, the shaker was sat to give three different excitation frequencies 1,2,and3 Hz and displacement amplitude equal to 13 mm, the foundation was placed at
In most Reinforced Concrete (RC) buildings, the cross-section size of rectangular columns that conventionally used in these structures is larger than the thickness of their partitions. Consequently, a part of the column is protruded out of the wall which has some architectural disadvantages. Reducing the column size by using high strength concrete will result in slender column, thus the stability problem may be occurred. The stability problem is difficult to be overcome with rectangular columns. This paper study the effectiveness of using new types of columns called Specially Shaped Reinforced Concrete (SSRC) columns. Besides, the use of SSRC columns provides many structural advantage
This paper presents theoretical parametric study of the curvature ductility capacity for reinforced concrete column sections. The study considers the behavior of concrete and reinforcing steel under different strain rates. A computer program has been written to compute the curvature ductility taking into account the spalling in concrete cover. Strain rate sensitive constitutive models of steel and concrete were used for predicting the moment-curvature relationship of reinforced concrete columns at different rate of straining. The study parameters are the yield strength of main reinforcement, yield strength of transverse reinforcement, compressive strength of concrete, spacing of ties and the axial load. The results indicated that hi
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