Objective: To assess the role of tumour necrosis factor alpha level and genotyping in susceptibility to leishmaniasis.Method: The case-control study was conducted from March to July 2021 at Baqubah Teaching Hospital, Diyala, Iraq,and comprised patients of cutaneous leishmaniasis in group A and healthy controls in group B. The serum level andsingle nucleotide polymorphisms of tumour necrosis factor-alpha rs41297589 and rs1800629 were compared betweenthe groups. Data was analysed using SPSS 28.Results: Of the 150 subjects, there were 75(50%) in group A; 39(52%) males and 36(48%) females with mean age23.91±13.14 years. The remaining 75(50%) subjects were in group B; 38(50.7%) males and 37(49.3%) females withmean age 22.84±4.35 years.

Titanium dioxide TiO2 has been widely utilized in cleaning and sterilizing material for many clinical tools sanitary ware, food tableware and cooking and items for use in hospitals. Titanium dioxide TiO2 non toxicity and long term physical and chemical stability. It has been widely used decomposition of organic compounds and microbial organisms such as cancer cell, viruses and bacteria as well as its potential application in sterilization of medical devices. The aim of the study the effect of titanium dioxide TiO2 on some Gram negative bacteria and study their effects on some virulence factors and chromosomal DNA.In this study, we obtained (E. coli ? Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris ? Pseudomonas aeruginosa ? Klebsiella pneumonia and Ac

The aim of this study is the relationship between blood group and group A Beta-Hemolytic Streptococci, Ninety patients with tonsillitis were included in this Study from both genders and different age group for blood group study. They were attended at Ramadi Teaching Hospital during the period extended from January 2011 to June 2011. Their ages range from 3-35years.The control group included 20apparently healthy persons, while patient divided into, chronic and recurrent acute tonsillitis. Diagnostic tools were Bacteriological methods (Bacitracin method to identify and count Streptococcus pyogenes group A beta hemolytic streptococci (GABHS ).Results of blood grouping showed a reduced frequency of blood group AB- with tonsillitis and increa

This research work considers one of the authentic and most modern modes of storytelling, as employed by Garcia Marquez in one of his famous stories "An Old ManWith Enormous Wings" (1972). Technically, the work is divided into four parts: the first serves as an introduction to his literary works, his use of magic realism, and addresses mainly the interests of Arab readers; the second handles the development of modern short story through the perspective of realism, until the emergence of magic realism as a new style; the third deals with the origin, nature and development of this style, and his mastery of it; the fourth part tries to analyze the story and its plot, thoughts, characters, symbols and metaphors, in the light of the artistic p

   In the present study, serum GOT(Glutamic Oxalacetic Transaminase) was purified, the purified enzyme showed the maximum activity at 37ºC and pH 7.5. During purification of serum GOT ion exchange chromatography lead to four separate forms (termed I, II, III and IV). GOT II with  the highest specific activity was pure after chromatography on Sephacryl S300. . S.GOT levels were investigated in serum samples from patient with pulmonary tuberculosis .The S.GOT levels were determined at and 37ć .The study revealed that the serum GOT activity was higher in patient of tuberculous pulmonary than in control subjects.The mean serum GOT activity in the patients group was(90±8 IU/L) as compared to control group (27±0.65I

In this work, biocompatible gold nanoparticles were synthesized by reducing the chloroauric acid with ascorbic acid as a reducing agent. Colloidal gold nanoparticles were stabilized through nontoxic acacia gum sodium hydroxide .Synthesizing gold nano particle is confirmed by the change in color of chloroauric acid from yellow to ruby red and brown color depending on the stabilizers. The gold nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Visible spectrophotometer. Where the peak of the absorbance of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was observed between the wave length 526 and 535 nm. The results of zeta potential were found in rang (-19, -40 mv), AFM and TEM images show two different shapes, hexagonal and spherical and the size of gold nanopartic

This paper is concerned with the existence of a unique state vector solution of a couple nonlinear hyperbolic equations using the Galerkin method when the continuous classical control vector is given, the existence theorem of a continuous classical optimal control vector with equality and inequality vector state constraints is proved, the existence of a unique solution of the adjoint equations associated with the state equations is studied. The Frcéhet derivative of the Hamiltonian is obtained. Finally the theorems of the necessary conditions and the sufficient conditions of optimality of the constrained problem are proved.

Abstract

   The model of financial reporting in  Iraq  Based on a specific set of accounting objectives & concepts, which require the application of the historical cost valuation approach due to the nature of the objectives of financial reporting in Iraq, established under the unified accounting system , which focuses on serving the needs of the state because it the most influential user in setting accounting objectives and concepts, which stems mainly from the nature of the economic system in Iraq, which focuses on the public sector versus the private sector as well as the nature of the ownership business that focuses on partnership versus corpor

The research aims to investigate the existence of a direct causal relationship between selected agricultural variables: agricultural output (as a representative of growth in the agricultural sector), agricultural terms of trade as a completely new variable in agricultural studies in recent years, agricultural labour which is an important part in the total workforce for Iraq, and finally, agricultural investment because of its importance and vital role in the production process, creating job opportunities, and then raising the level of employment, then it's role to achieving agricultural growth and development. For this purpose, the researchers used the Toda-Yamamoto causality methodology for a time series covering from 1990 to 2019. The res

In this research, we studied the multiple linear regression models for two variables in the presence of the autocorrelation problem for the error term observations and when the error is distributed with general logistic distribution. The auto regression model is involved in the studying and analyzing of the relationship between the variables, and through this relationship, the forecasting is completed with the variables as values. A simulation technique is used for comparison methods depending on the mean square error criteria in where the estimation methods that were used are (Generalized Least Squares, M Robust, and Laplace), and for different sizes of samples (20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120). The M robust method is demonstrated the best metho