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Association of CTLA-4 (+49A/G) polymorphism and susceptibility of developing rheumatoid arthritis in an Iraqi Arab population
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Background: The gene responsible for encoding the protein of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) has been found to be associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in different ethnic populations. But the association of +49A/G CTLA-4 polymorphism with susceptibility of RA among Iraqi Arab populations has not yet been determined. Methods: One hundred and seventy-eight patients were examined, 67 of them were males (mean age 54.71 ± 10.4 years), while 167 were examined for the control group, of whom 64 were males and the rest were females. CTLA-4 DNA genotyping was carried on to determine the +49 A/G (rs231775) polymorphism using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Enzyme-linked immunosor- bent assay (ELISA) was also applied here to measure the antibodies level for cyclic citrullinated peptides (anti- CCP) and Rheumatoid factor (RF). Results: The frequency of AG and GG genotypes in CTLA-4 + 49 were significantly higher among RA patients in comparing with controls (55.61% vs 42.51%, OR=2.18, 95% CI=1.62–3.79, P=0.003) and (20.22% vs 10.77%, OR = 2.61, 95% CI = 1.31–6.46, P = 0.002) respectively. G allele frequency was also significantly higher among RA cases (52.24% vs. 31.73%, OR = 3.02; 95% CI = 1.61–7.39, P = 0.001). The frequencies of the AA genotype and A allele, however, were significantly lower in cases than controls (24.15% vs 46.70%, P = 0.001) and (47.75% vs 68.26%, P = 0.001) respectively. Moreover, the levels of Anti-CCP and RF were raised signifi- cantly among RA patients than controls (P = 0.0001), but none of these parameters were correlated with ge- notypes of CTLA-4. Conclusions: Carries of CTLA-4 + 49 AG and GG alleles were at a high risk of developing functional disability of RA, unlike the AA allele carriers.

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 31 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The dimensions of organizational confidence and its relationship to achieving the strategic position of banks: is an applied research on a sample of private Iraqi banks
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The research aims to show the dimensions of organizational trust represented by (administrative policies opportunities for innovation and self innovation and self- realization,availability of information,prevailing organizational values) and its reiationship to achieving the strategic position of banks represented by formation of expectations,buiiding networks,learning operations As the research was applied in each of the banks (middle east)Iraqi investment,Al-Ahly Iraqi, Business Bay, Al- Mansour investment bank),the qusestionnaire was adopted as a tool to collect data and information from the sample number (138)who are in the site (department director, division ,M.division director ,division officer, unit officer)the statistica

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of College Of Education
The Construction of Complete (k, n)-arcs in 3-Dimensional Projective Space Over Galois Field GF (4)
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In this work, we construct the projectively distinct (k, n)-arcs in PG (3, 4) over Galois field GF (4), where k 5, and we found that the complete (k, n)-arcs, where 3 n 21, moreover we prove geometrically that the maximum complete (k, n)-arc in PG (3, 4) is (85, 21)-arc. A (k, n)-arcs is a set of k points no n+ 1 of which are collinear. A (k, n)-arcs is complete if it is not contained in a (k+ 1, n)-arcs

Publication Date
Wed Apr 12 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Science
Synthesis, Characterization and Study Biological Activity of Some New 1, 3, 4-Thiadiazole and Pyrazolone Derivatives Containing Indole Ring
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This work involves synthesis and characterization of some new 1, 3, 4-thiadiazole or pyrazoline derivatives heterocyclic containing indole ring. The new 2-amino-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole derivatives [IV] and [V] a, b were synthesized by cyclization reaction of 2-methyl-1H-indole-carbothiosemicarbazide [III] in H2SO4 acid or by reaction of indole-3-acetic acid or indole-3-butanoic acid with thiosemicarbazide in the presence of phosphorous oxychloride, respectively. Amide derivatives [VI]-[VIII] were synthesized by the reaction equimolar of 2-amino-1, 3, 4-thiadiazoles and (acetyl chloride, benzoyl chloride, anisoyl chloride and heptanoyl chloride) in DMF and pyridine as accepter. The new pyrazolone derivatives [XI] a, b were synthesized from heati

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 03 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Effectiveness of a Training Program Based on Connectivism Theory in Developing E-Learning Competencies among Teachers of Islamic Education in Dhofar Governorate
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Abstract

The study aims to build a training program based on the Connectivism Theory to develop e-learning competencies for Islamic education teachers in the Governorate of Dhofar, as well as to identify its effectiveness. The study sample consisted of (30) Islamic education teachers to implement the training program, they were randomly selected. The study used the descriptive approach to determine the electronic competencies and build the training program, and the quasi-experimental approach to determine the effectiveness of the program. The study tools were the cognitive achievement test and the observation card, which were applied before and after. The study found that the effectiveness of the training program

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Basic Education
Synthesis of some new Heterocyclic Compounds and Schiff bases of 4-phenyl-3-ene-butanone and study their liquid crystal properties‏
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Publication Date
Tue Feb 04 2014
Journal Name
Al-mustansiriyah
Synthesis, Spectroscopic and Biological Studies of some Metal Complexes with 2, 4-dinitro-2-amino hydrozo benzene.
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Publication Date
Sun Jul 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Global Pharma Technology
Synthesis of New 2, 4, 5-triphenyl imidazole Derivatives Derived from benzoin and Studying their Biological Activity
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compound [1] was formed from the reaction of benzoin and benzaldehyde in the presence of ammonia, which was reacted with sodium hydride in DMF to obtain imidazole salt. This salt was reacted with adipoyl chloride to give compound [2]. Acid hydrazide derivative [3] was obtained from the reaction of compound [2] with hydrazine hydrate. After that Shiff bases [4-9] have been synthesized from the reaction of compound [3] with different aromatic aldehydes. These new formed compounds were diagnosed by 13C-NMR, 1H-NMR for some of them (in Ahl-Albate University in Jordan) and FT-IR spectroscopy (In Baghdad University). All of the prepared products have been studied their biological activities toward two kinds of bacteria. These products show

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 01 2016
Journal Name
Oriental Journal Of Chemistry
Synthesis and antioxidant ability of new 5-amino-1, 2, 4-triazole derivatives containing 2, 6-dimethoxyphenol
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4-amino-3-(4-(((4-hydroxy-3, 5dimethoxybenzyl) oxy) methyl) phenyl)-1, 2, 4-triazole-5-thione was synthesized by to method the first one from melt reaction of 4-(((4-hydroxy-3, 5-dimethoxybenzyl) oxy) methyl) benzoic acid with Thiocarbonyldihydrazide, the second method from convert the corresponded acid hydrazide to potassium 2-(4-(((4-hydroxy-3, 5-dimethoxybenzyl) oxy) methyl) benzoyl) hydrazinecarbodithioate salt then react with hydrazine hydrate. Newly Schiff base (7a-7f) were synthesized from reaction the 4-amino-1, 2, 4-triazol with substituted hydroxybenzaldehyde. The resulting compounds were characterized by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and HRMS data. 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazide (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 03 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
An Evaluation of Corrosion Pits in Esthetic Coated Stainless Steel Orthodontic Archwires in Dry and Wet Environment at Different Intervals (An In Vitro Study)
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Background: The demand for esthetic orthodontic appliances is increasing; so the esthetic orthodontic archwires were introduced. Among them, Teflon and Epoxy coated stainless steel archwires. The amount of force available from the archwire depends on the structural properties and susceptibility to corrosion. All metallic alloys are changed during immersion in artificial saliva, chlorhexidine mouthwash andtoothpaste, but their behaviors differ from one type to another. They corrode at different rates, which lead to decrease the amount of force applied to the teeth. This in vitro study was designed to evaluate the corrosion pits in stainless steel archwires coated with Teflon and with Epoxy in dry and after immersion in artificial saliva, chl

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 17 2020
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Sharia Controls To work in fashion design, manufacture and trafficking In the light of the Sunnah Prepare Dr. Abdulaziz Shaker Hamdan Al-Kubaisi Professor, Department of Sharia and Islamic Studies, United Arab Emirates University
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