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In Vitro Comparative Assessment of Composite Nanoleakage Using Various Dentine Surface Treatments
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Background: The treatment of dental tissues proceeding to adhesive procedures is a crucial step in the bonding protocol and decides the clinical success ofrestorations. This study was conducted in vitro, with the aim of evaluating thenanoleakage on the interface between the adhesive system and the dentine treated by five surface modalities using scanning electron microscopy and energydispersiveX-ray spectrometry. Materials and methods: Twenty five extracted premolars teeth were selected in the study. Standardized class V cavities were prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces then the teeth divided into five main groups of (5 teeth in each group n=10) according to the type of dentine surface treatment that was used: Group (A): dentine was conditioning with Er, Cr: YSGG laser. Group (B): dentine was conditioning with (Er, Cr: YSGG laser + acid). Group (C): dentine was conditioning with (acid + Er, Cr: YSGG laser). Group (D): dentine was conditioning with acid etch. Group (E): dentine was conditioning with acid + 10% sodium hypochlorite. For All the teeth SBMP adhesive were used and restored with Z250 composite restoration then all specimens were subjected to thermocycling 500 cycles, at 5° to 55 °C. The teeth were soaked in silver nitrate suspension. Then the teeth sectioned bucco-lingually across the centre of the restorations. The specimens were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and the amount of nanoleakage was measured by EDX spectro-analysis to identify the existence of metallic silver particles. Results: Data were analysed statistically by one way ANOVA test and (LSD) Tests. The results showed that there were statistically highly significant differences among all groups of the present study.The resultshowed that the acid and laser (group III) exhibited the lowest mean value of nanoleakage at around (6.14 %), whereas the highest mean value of nanoleakage (12.83 %) was determined by the only acid (group IV). Conclusions: Treating the acid etched dentine with Er: Cr: YSGG laser showed promising results as it exhibits lowest amount of nanoleakage of the adhesive bonding system.

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Environmental awareness in the curriculum and its role in sustainable environmental planning
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                The goal of current research to the definition of environmental awareness in the curriculum and its role in sustainable environmental planning, was the research community official regular educational schools (kindergarten, primary, secondary) for the province of Baghdad - Iraq, the sample consisted search of (100) teacher and a teacher, and what research was descriptive analytical, researchers have selected the right tool for the research procedures (closed) questionnaire, distributed to the research sample, has been used by researchers appropriate statistical methods for procedures including: the weighted average extraction unit paragraph,

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Copper Nanoparticles Synthesized in Biopolymer Matrix and Their Application in Antibacterial Activity
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Copper is a cheaper alternative to various noble metals with a range of potential applications in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology. However, copper nanoparticles have major limitations, which include rapid oxidation on exposure to air. Therefore, alternative pathways have been developed to synthesize metal nanoparticles in the presence of polymers and surfactants as stabilizers, and to form coatings on the surface of nanoparticles. These surfactants and polymeric ligands are made from petrochemicals which are non- renewable. As fossil resources are limited, finding renewable and biodegradable alternative is promising.The study aimed at preparing, characterizing and evaluating the antibacterial properties of copper nanoparticle

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 17 2019
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Transfer Factors as an Immunenhancer Against Adenovirus in Experimental Infection in Chicken
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 A group of birds were passively immunized by a transfer factor extracted from lymphocytes sensitized to adenovirus and then they were challenged by the virulent virus (adenovirus isolated from hydropericardium infected birds). The results indicatede that the groups of birds that received the transfer factor or sensitized lymphocytes were protected from having any grossly pathological changes and having a high level of anti adenovirus antibodies.

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 30 2019
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Scientific miracle in the verse walking and eating In Surat Al - Mulk
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The research includes the study of the scientific miracle in the verse: (It is the one who made you the earth humiliation and walked in their positions and eat from the living and to the publication of the human body and in the Qur'an) And mental and spiritual. The research also pointed to the tight link between the miracle of the precedent in the Holy Quran and the miracle of the divine power in the book of the Infinite Universe to give each miracle testimony of delivery and ratification of the other. The research included after the introduction, the first topic included four demands, which included basic concepts: - Definition of scientific miracle and its importance in the Koran, and the significance of the universal verses in the Kor

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
The "actor network theory" approach in dealing with landscapes in historical centers
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The historical center's landscape suffers from neglect, despite their importance and broad capabilities in enhancing the cultural value of the historical center, as landscape includes many heterogeneous human and non-human components, material and immaterial, natural and manufactured, also different historical layers, ancient, modern and contemporary. Due to the difference in these components and layers, it has become difficult for the designer to deal with it. Therefore, the research was directed by following a methodology of actor-network theory as it deals with such a complex system and concerned with an advanced method to connect the various components of considering landscape as a ground that can include various elements and deal wi

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 08 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Obesity and Overweight among Students in Arabic Secondary Schools in Erbil City
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Objective(s): The aim of the study was to identify the prevalence of overweight and obesity in adolescence and
to estimate the effect of socio- demographic and health behaviors that predicting obesity in adolescents.
Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was being carried out at three public Arabic secondary
schools in Erbil city from October 1
st 2010 to January 30th 2011. A systematic randomly sample size of 461 students
was selected.
Results: In this study, the age of (46.2%, 122) of males students were ranged between (17- 18.9) years old compared
to females students (74.1%, 146) their age ranged between (15 -16.9) years old. About (3.4%, 9) of males
adolescents having overweight while all female ado

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Medicine And Life
Potential anti-obesity effects of two-graded doses of Iraqi <i>Hibiscus tiliaceus</i> leaves extract, alone and in combination with orlistat, on high-fat diet-induced obesity in male rats
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Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
ההשפעה והשענוע בנאום הפוליטי של שמעון פרס עיון פרגמטי בדוגמאות נבחרות מנאומיו Effect and Persuasion in the Political Discourse of Shimon Peres A Pragmatic Study in Selected form of His Addresses
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במחקר הזה ניתחנו מספר נאומים של שמעון פרס, אנחנו התמקדנו בהשפעה והשכנוע אצל שמעון פרס ואיך הוא יכול להעביר את המסרים של נאומיו בסגנון פרגמטי כדי להגיע ללבו של הציבור.

 גם כן, התמקדנו בסגנון הפוליטי שהוא חושב כי התחום הזה צריך להיות ברור מול הציבור וגם כן מול דעת הקהל הבינלאומי מתוך השימוש במונחים בעלי השפעה ושכנוע להגיע למטרות המבוקשות.

 במלים אחרות, שמעון פרס, לעתים, מתמקד בשפה מליצית ויעמוד הרב

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 02 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering Science And Technology
INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF INLET APERTURE AND BAFFLE POSITION IN IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF PRIMARY SETTLING TANKS
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Publication Date
Fri Jun 01 2012
Journal Name
Karbala J. Med
Non Vascularized Bone Graft versus Core Decompression in Treatment of Early Stages of Non Traumatic Hip Osteonecrosis
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A vascular necrosis (AVN) is defined as cellular death of bone components due to interruption of the blood supply; the bone structures then collapse, resulting in bone destruction, pain, and loss of joint function. AVN is associated with numerous conditions and usually involves the epiphysis of long bones, such as the femoral head. In clinical practice, AVN is most commonly encountered in the hip. Early diagnosis and appropriate intervention can delay the need for joint replacement. However, most patients present late in the disease course. Without treatment, the process is almost always progressive, leading to joint destruction within 5 years. Treatment of a vascular necrosis depends mainly on early diagnosis which mainly based on clinical

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