Construction is a hazardous industry with a high number of injuries. Prior research found that many industry injuries can be prevented by implementing an effective safety plan if prepared and maintained by qualified safety personnel. However, there are no specific guidelines on how to select qualified construction safety personnel and what criteria should be used to select an individual for a safety position in the United States (US) construction industry. To fill this gap in knowledge, the study goal was to identify the desired qualifications of safety personnel in the US construction industry. To achieve the study goal, the Delphi technique was used as the main methodology for determining the desired qualifications for construction safety personnel. As a result, a panel of 15 subject-matter experts was selected, and 4 rounds of surveys were carried out. The findings of the study led to the identification of the desired qualifications for three construction safety positions (safety entry, safety professional, and safety manager). The present study contributes to the body of theoretical knowledge on construction safety and presents practical guidelines to assist industry stakeholders select qualified safety personnel for their projects. The selection of qualified safety personnel is expected to improve workplace safety performance and positively reflect on other project outcomes. Construction stakeholders should pay attention to three key aspects (namely, education, experience, and certification) when determining the qualifications for a safety leadership position and take into consideration the type of position intended to be filled. This study fills the gap in knowledge by identifying the desired qualifications and criteria on how to select safety personnel in the US construction industry.
Fire is one of the most critical risks devastating to human life and property. Therefore, humans make different efforts to deal with fire hazards. Many techniques have been developed to assess fire safety risks. One of these methods is to predict the outbreak of a fire in buildings, and although it is hard to predict when a fire will start, it is critical to do so to safeguard human life and property. This research deals with evaluating the safety risks of the existing building in the city of Samawah/Iraq and determining the appropriateness of these buildings in terms of safety from fire hazards. Twelve parameters are certified based on the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA20
ZnO-nanoflowers on a transparent conductive tin-doped In2O3 (ITO) glass substrate have been successfully prepared via a simple and efficient growth approach that is combining of dip coating and hydrothermal processes. One thin layer of ZnO nanoparticles is prepared by dip coating method followed by hydrothermally grown of ZnO nanoflowers at low temperature. The morphology and structure of ZnO-nanoflowers were inspected by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The optical absorption and photoluminescence spectra of ZnO-nanoflowers are also investigated. The ZnO-nanoflowers photoanode sho
Background/Objectives: The formulation development of Isotretinoin (ISN) is limited by its solubility and stability issues. This study aimed to characterise the BCS class II drug ISN, particularly the possible different solid state and formulate amorphous solid dispersion aiming for a supersaturation state. Methods: ISN’s physical states are investigated in its raw form, quench-cooled form, physical mixture with the polymer and corresponding solid dispersion form. Quench-cooled ISN was prepared in situ using DSC. Carrier stabilisation of ISN was attempted using the solid dispersion technique. Hereby, the solid dispersion of drug-polymer PVPVA at a ratio of 1:3 was prepared using the solvent evaporation method. Solid dispersion, ph
... Show MoreBackground: Determination of sex and estimation of stature from the skeleton is vital to medicolegal investigations. Skull is composed of hard tissue and is the best preserved part of skeleton after death, hence, in many cases it is the only available part for forensic examination. Lateral cephalogram is ideal for the skull examination as it gives details of various anatomical points in a single radiograph. This study was undertaken to evaluate the accuracy of digital cephalometric system as quick, easy and reproducible supplement tool in sex determination in Iraqi samples in different age range using certain linear and angular craniofacial measurements in predicting sex. Materials and Method The sample consisted of 113of true lateral cepha
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