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Association between genetic polymorphism in tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene and adverse effects of etanercept in rheumatoid arthritis patients
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Background. Gene polymorphisms affect etanercept’s pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and side effects. This effect is evidenced by the extensive genetic variation in the drug’s targets. Objectives. This study aims to find the association between different genotypes of the promoter region of the TNF-α gene at -308G/A(rs1800629), -857C/T(rs1799724), -863 C/A(rs1800630), -1031 T/C (rs1799964), -806 C/T (rs4248158) and -376 G/A (rs1800750) and the side effects of ETN that occurred to Iraqi RA patients. Method. The trial included patients with rheumatoid arthritis who had been using ETN for at least six months. The participants were from the Baghdad Teaching Hospital Rheumatology Unit. The PCR was sequenced to determine the polymorphism in the TNF- promoter region at sites -308 G/A (rs1800629), -857 C/T (rs1799724), -863 C/A (rs1800630), -1031 T/C (rs1799964), and -376 G/A (rs4248158) (rs1800750). The link between the genetic variation at these loci and the etanercept’s most frequent adverse effect was then investigated. Results. The only genotype of (-376 G/A) significantly related to an increased risk of upper respiratory tract infection is the GG genotype, according to the results of this study. However, genotypes for the remaining SNPs did not demonstrate a statistically significant association between ETN and an increased risk of upper respiratory tract infections, injection site response, or skin rash in patients. Conclusion. This study revealed that only the GG genotype of (-376 G/A) was significantly associated with an elevated risk of upper respiratory tract infection.

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Publication Date
Thu May 29 2025
Journal Name
Indonesian Journal Of Chemistry
Synthesis, Spectral Identification, Thermal Studies, Antioxidant Properties, and Biological Effects for Some Metal Ion Complexes with New Schiff Base Ligand
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The tetradentate N2O2 Schiff base ligand, which is produced via the condensation reaction of 2-hydroxynaphthaldehyde with phthalohydrazide, is prepared in this work with a fair yield. The prepared ligand was characterized using a microanalysis technique (C.H.N), UV-vis, FTIR, 1H-,13C-NMR, mass spectrometry, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). New complexes were synthesized by a reaction between ligand (N'1E,N'2Z)-N'1,N'2-bis((1-hydroxynaphthalen-2yl)methylene)phthalohydrazide and metal chloride of Co+2, Ni+2, and Zn+2 ions in absolute ethanol. The present complexes are also characterized by techniques such as C.H.N, UV-vis, FTIR, TGA, molar conductivity, atomic absorption, and magnetic moment measurements. The in vitro antimicro

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
The International Tinnitus Journal
Does the Location of a Small Tympanic Membrane Perforation Affect the Degree of Hearing Loss in Adult Patients with Inactive Mucosal Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media?
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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2013
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Detection of Anti-Helicopacter pylori IgG Antibody, Anti-GAD antibody, Anti-Beta islets cell in a sample of serum with type-2 Diabetes mellitus patients
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We have investigated twenty five patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus aged (35-60) years and fifteen healthy persons as control group to detect Anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG antibody. All studied groups were carried out to measure fasting blood sugar, anti- Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), anti-? islets cells antibody by IFAT, Anti-H. pylori IgG antibody by ELISA technique. There was significant elevation in the concentration of fasting blood sugar than in control group (P < 0.05), the patients had negative results for anti-GAD antibody and anti- ? islets cells antibody, there were significant differences (P < 0.05) of anti-H. pylori IgG antibody in 28 % of patients had type-2 diabetes than control group. This lead to suggestion that typ

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Workplace Fun as Moderator Variable between Leadership Virtuousness and Organizational Brilliance (Applied study at the University of Kufa)
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Abstract

    The current research tested the interactive role between the workplace fun and the leadership virtuousness in the organizational brilliance, in a sample of the teaching staff at the University of Kufa reached (325 staff) out of (2069) professor. The research based on hypothesis model which reflect the research hypotheses from main variables presented  the leadership virtuousness (optimism, forgiveness, trust, compassion and  integrity) for moderating affect with the workplace fun (fun activities, Coworker socializing, manager support for fun). The organizational brilliance will increase in case of providing sub-variables which (leadership brilliance, service & innovation brillianc

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Create sustainable value to the customer through the integration of the relationship between total quality management and relationship marketing
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Purpose: This research seeks to provide a point of view based on the creation of sustainable value to the customer of the banks in the context of total quality management and relationship marketing. It aims to develop a model to measure the value of sustainable customer peduncular under total quality management PAL (administrative leadership, involvement of employees, continuous improvement, process improvement, staff training), through the mediation of relationship marketing and objective dimensions (administrative leadership, involvement of employees, continuous improvement, improving processes , staff training), and to explore any of the variables and dimensions more influential in the creation of sustainable value to the cust

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Use some of the quality tools to improve the health service: Comparative research between Baghdad's and Yarmouk hospital educational
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Abstract

This research aims to improve the provided health service level inside Baghdad hospitals and the Yarmouk educational, as well as to shed light on the reality of the health service and the quality within the major operations room in both hospitals, as the operations room represent the research community, as was the use of some quality tools Pareto and Ishikawa diagram to measure and assess the level of quality provided, and include research problem to find out what are the problems and obstacles facing the process of improving quality in both hospitals, and whether there are scientifically accurate method to assess the quality of health service in Baghdad's Yarmouk hospital and educational . Where the researcher h

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 17 2023
Journal Name
Migration Letters
Employing the Teleological-Causal Presumption between Al-Khwarizmi and Ibn Yaish’s Explanations of Al-Mufasal (even) as a Model
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It is a moral presumption that includes the object for its sake, and it is called the object for it or the object for its sake, which is the present tense after (lam, ki, fa, willn, and then), and it is not an excuse for the occurrence of the matter (1), and it requires a connection between the two sides of (a cause with a cause) united by a reason for a specific purpose (2). The object has a reason or an excuse, because it is an explanation of what came before it, of the cause. The reason for the occurrence of the action, being the motive for causing the action and the bearer of it (3), indicates that the infinitive is restricted to a special reason. So if I said: (I came to you with the hope of honoring you), then I attributed the coming

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2018
Journal Name
Engineering And Technology Journal
Comparison between the Biological Activity of Agaricus bisporus Fruiting Bodies and Albizzia lebbeck Leaves Extract against Different Pathogenic Microoganisms
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Publication Date
Sat Sep 01 2007
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Comparison Between Ordinary Method and Robust Method to estimate the Parameters of the Univariate Mixed Model with Low Order
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A condense study was done to compare between the ordinary estimators. In particular the maximum likelihood estimator and the robust estimator, to estimate the parameters of the mixed model of order one, namely ARMA(1,1) model.

Simulation study was done for a varieties the model.  using: small, moderate and large sample sizes, were some new results were obtained. MAPE was used as a statistical criterion for comparison.

 

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 29 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
The Effects of Operating Variables on Efficancy of Water Disinfection by Sodium Hypochlorite Using Al-Wathba Wastewater
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The aim of this investigation was to study the impact of various reaction parameters on wastewater taken from Al-Wathba water treatment plant on Tigris River in south of Baghdad, Iraq with sodium hypochlorite solution. The parameters studied were sodium hypochlorite dose, contact time, initial fecal coliform bacteria concentration, temperature, and pH. In a batch reactor, different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite solution were used to disinfect 1L of water. The amount of hypochlorite ions in disinfected water was measured using an Iodimetry test for different reaction times, whereas the Most Probable Number (MPN) test was used to determine the concentration of coliform bacteria. Total Plate Count (TPC) was utilized in this study to

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