يقوم الخطأ المضمر على فكرة مبناها استنتاج الخطأ من وقوع الضرر، منشئاً بذلك قرينة قانونية بسيطة للمدعي (المضرور) تعفيه من اثبات خطأ المدعى عليه (المسؤول)، وهذا الافتراض في الاساس فكرة قضائية وجدت لمساعدة المضرور في الحصول على التعويض في حالة عدم تمكنه من تحديد خطأ المسؤول ، الا انه افتراضٌ قابلٌ لإثبات العكس من خلال نفي اي خطأ صادر عن المدعى عليه ، ويمكن نفيه ايضاً بإثبات انقطاع السببية بين الخطأ المضمر والضرر ، كثبوت وجود قوة قاهرة أو حادث فجائي أو حتى خطأ الغير. وبسبب خصوصية الخطأ فإن الآراء حول التعويض عنه غير مستقرة ومتأرجحة بين القبول والرفض .
Linear regression is one of the most important statistical tools through which it is possible to know the relationship between the response variable and one variable (or more) of the independent variable(s), which is often used in various fields of science. Heteroscedastic is one of the linear regression problems, the effect of which leads to inaccurate conclusions. The problem of heteroscedastic may be accompanied by the presence of extreme outliers in the independent variables (High leverage points) (HLPs), the presence of (HLPs) in the data set result unrealistic estimates and misleading inferences. In this paper, we review some of the robust
... Show MoreThe scope of the electrical power facility is determined by its employees' mistakes as follows and subject to its control and guidance, as well as those affiliated with mechanical machines or dangerous things that require special attention, and can be denied the responsibility based on a number of means to which the defendant is resorted to it, the law has been granted For the requirements of justice and to judge the judiciary in many of the provisions issued by an investigation into the principle of equity. The most important mistakes, which are the most important means that the electric power facility can resort to existing responsibility in accordance with Article (219) of the Iraqi Civil Law, which is responsible for fulfilling acts,
... Show Moreتعد حرية الرأي من الحريات التي كفلت الدساتير والقوانين حمايتها وتتم ممارستها عبر وسائل الإعلام ،ولكن يجب أن تتم ممارسة هذه الحرية وفقاً لحدود معينة تتمثل بوجوب احترام حق الإنسان في المحافظة على خصوصياته وصورته وسمعته، فكما إن لوسائل الإعلام حرية ممارسة حقها في النشر والتعبير عن رأيها بكل صراحة فإن من الواجب عليها في مقابل ذلك مراعاة حقوق الآخرين وتجنب التشهير بهم وانتهاك خصوصياتهم،فإذا ما قامت وسائل ا
... Show MoreThe present research aims to identify the social responsibility of the kindergarten teachers of the civil and governmental schools (comparative study)? For the purpose of achieving the objectives of the research, the following formulas were formulated:
- Are there statistically significant differences at the level of (0.05) among the kindergarten teachers in the social responsibility scale?
The current research was limited to kindergarten teachers (governmental and non-governmental) in the Directorate General of Education Baghdad Rusafa / Second.
The main research sample consisted of (100) teachers, (50) teachers from government kindergartens and (50) female kindergarten teache
... Show MoreThe Corona pandemic has raised many repercussions on all levels and fields, and several questions have arisen, especially in the legal field, where many responsibilities arise due to the way this pandemic is dealt with, exploited by some, or neglected some obligations imposed to confrontit. Civil responsibility emerges as an important part in the scope of dealing with the effects of the Corona pandemic, as some people deliberately or negligently tend to harm others, which calls for resorting to the provisions of civil responsibility. It seems that the burden of civil responsibility falls not only on individuals, but also on private and public legal persons alike.
في الوقت الذي يرغب فيه اي سائح في العالم برحلة هادئة لإعادة شحن طاقته والتمتع بالسلام والهدوء وخوض المغامرات في بيئة آمنة، يأتي الارهاب ليعكر عليه صفو تلك الرحلة من خلال عمليات يستهدف من خلالها الاماكن السياحية والترفيهية التي يقصدها،من قبيل محلات التسوق والمطاعم والمقاهي والفنادق (والاخيرة هي مدار البحث) لاسباب عديدة. من هنا تلعب التدابير الامنية التي تتخذها إدارات الفنادق دورا مهماً واساسياً في منع تلك ال
... Show Moreتعد حرية الرأي من الحريات التي كفلت الدساتير والقوانين حمايتها وتتم ممارستها عبر وسائل الإعلام ،ولكن يجب أن تتم ممارسة هذه الحرية وفقاً لحدود معينة تتمثل بوجوب احترام حق الإنسان في المحافظة على خصوصياته وصورته وسمعته، فكما إن لوسائل الإعلام حرية ممارسة حقها في النشر والتعبير عن رأيها بكل صراحة فإن من الواجب عليها في مقابل ذلك مراعاة حقوق الآخرين وتجنب التشهير بهم وانتهاك خصوصياتهم،فإذا ما قامت وسائل الإعل
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Woman is the first target of social advertising, because most of these advertisements are primarily belong to them. This paper which is entitled "Social Responsibility for the Employment of Woman in Sustainable Development Declarations, An Analytical Study of Road Advertising in Baghdad" focuses on the use of woman in advertising. This aspect shows that some people see that advertisement is a mirror to what’s found in society such as woman’s behaviors in her everyday life and so on, while other people see that as long as the public wants those advertisings, they are free to choose what they prefer. They think that the shameful advertisements are natural and unavoidable. These vie |
The economic tortious liability in the English law is based upon economic Torts are considered as a type of the ancient and deep-rooted torts, aiming at breaching the rules of legal and equitable trade competition. and which are included in the customary English law of torts, based upon the judicial precedents decided by English courts. It is worth-bearing in mind that the economic torts are classified into two main types. That is to say, the general economic torts and the misrepresentation economic torts. Whereas the Iraqi legislator left the regulation of the illegal competition to the general rules of the delictual liability in the Iraqi civil law No. (40) of 1951.