viruses are responsible for a large proportion of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). Other causes of LRTIs are bacteria: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus being the most common. Sputum samples are commonly used in the microbiological laboratory for diagnosing lower respiratory infections. Objective: The aim of this study to evaluate the causative bacteria and antibiotics sensitivity in culture of sputum samples. Patients Methods: A retrospective study performed in the microbiology department of Al Immamin Al Kahdimin Medical laboratory in Baghdad. The results of sputum cultures collected from the files between 2016 and 2019. A tota

Coupling reaction of m-and p- amino acetop henone and p-amino benzoic acid with (LHistidine) gave the new bidentate azo ligands (L1, L2 and L3). The prepared ligands were identified by FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1HNMR and GC- mass sp ectroscopic technique. Treatment of the prepared ligands with the following metal ions (CoII, NiII, CuII, ZnII, CdII and HgII) in aqueous ethanol with a 1:2 M:L ratio and at optimum pH, yielded a series of neutral complexes of the general formula [M (L)2 Cl2]. The prepared complexes were characterized by using flame atomic absorption, FT-IR, UV-Vis and 1HNMR spectroscopic methods as well as magnetic susceptibility and conductivity measurements. Chloride ion content was also evaluated by (Mohr method). The nature of the com

In this work, excess properties (eg excess molar volume (VE), excess viscosity (ȠE), excess Gibbs free energy of activation of viscos flow (ΔG* E) and molar refraction changes (ΔnD) of binary solvent mixtures of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA) with aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene and p-xylene) have been calculated. This was achieved by determining the physical properties including density ρ, viscosity Ƞ and refraction index nD of liquid mixtures at 298.15 K. Results of the excess parameters and deviation functions for the binary solvent mixtures at 298.15 K have been discussed by molecular interactions that occur in these mixtures. Generally, parameters showed negative values and have been found to fit well to Redlich-Kister

Quorum sensing (QS) is a perfectly orchestrated molecular communication system. It is a boon for Klebsiella pneumoniae, and bane for the host. This system is believed to make K. pneumoniae a leading cause of multidrug-resistant (MDR) nosocomial infections. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial and anti-biofilm potential of medicinal plant extracts through interfering with QS of K. pneumoniae. The effect of different concentrations of ethanolic extracts of cinnamon and clove on K. pneumoniae was determined by analyzing the growth curve, survival assay (MTT), Qualitative and quantitative biofilm formation, antibiotic resistance, along with studying gene expression of the genes encoding the above traits, using quantitative real tim

The aim of the work is synthesis and characterization of bidentate ligand [3-(3-acetylphenylamino)-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-3-enone][HL], from the reaction of dimedone with 3-amino acetophenone to produce the ligand [HL], the reaction was carried out in dry benzene as a solvent under reflux. The prepared ligand [HL] was characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, 1H, 13C-NMR spectra, Mass spectra, (C.H.N) and melting point. The mixed ligand complexes were prepared from ligand [HL] was used as a primary ligand while 8-hydroxy quinoline [HQ] was used as a secondary ligand with metal ion M(Π).Where M(Π) = (Mn ,Co ,Ni ,Cu ,Zn ,Cd and Pd) at reflux ,using ethanol as a solvent, KOH as a base. Complexes of the composition [M(L)(Q)] with (1

Coupling reaction of m-and p- amino acetophenone and p-amino benzoic acid with (L- Histidine) gave the new bidentate azo ligands (L1, L2 and L3). The prepared ligands were identified by FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1HNMR and GC- mass spectroscopic technique. Treatment of the prepared ligands with the following metal ions (CoII, NiII, CuII, ZnII, CdII and HgII) in aqueous ethanol with a 1:2 M:L ratio and at optimum pH, yielded a series of neutral complexes of the general formula [M(L)2 Cl2]. The prepared complexes were characterized by using flame atomic absorption, FT-IR, UV-Vis and 1HNMR spectroscopic methods as well as magnetic susceptibility and conductivity measurements. Chloride ion content was also evaluated by (Mohr method). The nature of the c

The reaction of L-ascorbic acid with the chloroacetic acid in presence of potassium hydroxide has been investigated.             The new product L (2,3,5,6-O,O,O,O-tetraacetic acid L-ascorbic acid) was isolated and characterized by elemental analysis(C.H),  1H, 13C-NMR. Mass spectrum and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). The reaction of the ligand (L) (where L = H4L), M+2 = (Co, Ni, Cu, Cd, Pb, Hg, Ca, Mg) has been investigated and was isolated and characterized by FT-IR, UV- visible, conductivity, Atomic absorption and molar ratio (Cd, Co) complexes.  Spectroscopic evidence showed that the binding of the M(II) ions are throughy the O-1 Lacton, O-2-OCH2COOH and O-6-O

A new ligand N-((4-(phenylamino) phenyl) carbamothioyl) acetamide (PCA) was synthesized by reaction of (4-amino di phenyl amine) with (acetyl isothiocyante) by using acetone as a solvent. The prepared ligand(PCA) has been characterization by elemental analysis (CHNS), infrared(FT-IR),electronic spectral (UV-Vis)&1H,13C- NMR spectra. Some Divalent Metal ion complexes of ligand (PCA) were prepared and spectroscopic studies by infrared(FT-IR), electronic spectral (UV-Vis), molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility and atomic absorption. The results measured showed the formula ofFall prepared complexes were [M (PCA)2 Cl2] (M+2 = Mn, Co, Ni, CU, Zn, Cd &Hg),the proposed geometrical structure for all complexes wereeoctahedral.