ان دراسة الدين العام في اقتصاد ريعي شديد الارتباط بسوق خارجية شديدة التقلب يعد من الدراسات الحساسة كونها تضع امام الباحثين القيود المالية التي سيتكبل بها اقتصاد ضعيف قليل التنوع يعتمد على سوق الطاقة مما يفقد حالة الاستدامة المالية وتفقد الدولة القدرة على الوفاء بالتزاماتها المالية ، ان الحدود الامنة للدين العام يجب ان تكون بنسبة لا تتجاوز 60% من الناتج المحلي الاجمالي حسب اتفاقية ماسترخت الخاصة بمجلس الاتحا

Background:Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a progressive, chronic inflammatory illness with an unclear etiology that explicitly targets the vertebral column, peripheral joints, and extraarticular tissues. The purpose of this research was to investigate if the existence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter region of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene at positions -1031T/C (rs199964), -857C/T (rs1799724) and -806C/T (rs4248158) in a sample of Iraqi AS patients could influence the patients' outcomes with etanercept.

Methods:Sixty patients with established AS receiving only etanercept were selected to enroll in this study, with a mean age of 40.75±8.6

Mixed ligand complexes of bivalent metal ions, viz; M= Fe(II),Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd (II), and Hg(II) of the composition Na2[M (Amox)(Sac)3] in 1:1:3 molar ratio, (where Amox = Amoxicillin tryhydrate (C16H19N3O5S.H2O) and Sac = Saccharine(C7H5NO3S) have been synthesized and characterized by repeated melting point determination, Solubility, Molar conductivity, determination the percentage of the metal in the complexes by flame(AAS), FT-IR, magnetic susceptibility measurements and electronic spectral data. The ligands and their metal complexes have been screened for their biological activity against selected microbial strains (gram +ve) and (gram -ve).

This work deals with preparation of zeolite 5A from Dewekhala kaolin clay in Al-Anbar region for drying and desulphurization of liquefied petroleum gas. The preparation of zeolite 5A includes treating kaolin clay with dilute hydrochloric acid 1N, treating metakaolin with NaOH solution to prepare 4A zeolite, ion exchange, and formation. For preparation of zeolite 4A, metakaolin treated at different temperatures (40, 60, 80, 90, and 100 °C) with different concentrations of sodium hydroxide solution (1, 2, 3, and 4 N) for 2 hours. The zeolite samples give the best relative crystallinity of zeolite prepared at 80 °C with NaOH concentration 3N (199%), and at 90 and 100°C with NaOH concentration solution 2N (184% and 189%, respectively). Ze

   In this study, the bacteria from sputum specimens of patients with respiratory tract infections were isolated in   IbnSina Teaching Hospital, Mosul city, Iraq.  The bacteria  were subjected to phenotypic and biochemical tests necessary for identification. Twenty five isolates of six different bacterial species were obtained, they are : Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumonia, Moraxella cattarhalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pnuemoniae and Pseudomona saeruginosa with ratios (64%, 12%, 8%, 8%, 4% and 4% ) respectively. The sensitivity and resistance of these isolates to 12 antibiotic were studied, where the Gentamycin appear to be more effective on most of the isolates while all the isolates showe

Item Difficulty and Item Discrimination Coefficient for School and College Ability Tests (SCAT) Advanced Form in Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT) and the Correlation among Them Mohammad moqasqas Haifa T. Albokai Assistant Professor of Measurement and Evaluation Associate Professor of Measurement and Evaluation College of Education, Taibah University The aim of this study was to study the item difficulty and item discrimination of the SCAT (advance form) with CTT, and IRT, and to study the correlation among them. To do this, the researchers used the data of their previous study, which conducted in (2011). It consisted of (3943) subject. Then, they used two-statistical programs (TAP, Bilog-MG-3) to obtain the item

This study concluded detection of Toxoplasma gondii in milk, immunologically by using Elisa and nested PCR)nPCR (based on B1 gene, also to investigate the effect of toxoplasmosis, parity, breed and flock on some milk composition in the Iraqi local and Shami goats in the middle of Iraq. A total of 80 milk samples of the lactating goats were collected. Results of this study showed the prevalence of Toxoplasmosis was 21.25% and 28.75% by Elisa and nPCR respectively without significant differences. The sensitivity of Elisa was a low (30.43%) whereas the specificity was a high (82.45%). The degree of agreement estimated by Kappa coefficient revealed a slight agreement (0.14) between two methods. The results indicated that goats infected

This research aims to analyze the intellectual and civilizational regression that afflicted Iraqi and Arab society due to political and religious tyranny and internal conflicts, which was reflected in the deterioration of human rights values and the absence of equality and justice in dealing with the other religiously, which affected the reluctance of members of religious groups to interact with their national societies and then migrate to Outside, which contributed to a double loss, in terms of the loss of these societies by productive and effective national competencies, and in terms of distorting the image of Islam. The research stressed that the first treatments of this phenomenon are the consolidation of the values of citize

In this work we study gamma modules which are implying full stability or implying by full stability. A gamma module is fully stable if for each gamma submodule of and each homomorphism of into . Many properties and characterizations of these classes of gamma modules are considered. We extend some results from the module to the gamma module theories.