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The Effectiveness of Conventional and Advanced Aligning Archwires: The Insights of Two Randomized Clinical Trials
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Abstract<p> Objectives This study aimed to compare the clinical effectiveness of four aligning archwires: Superelastic Nickel-Titanium (Superelastic-NiTi), SmartArch, Copper-Nickel-Titanium (Cu-NiTi), and Speed Tubular coaxial-Nickel-Titanium (Tubular coaxial-NiTi), regarding the alignment efficiency, associated perception of pain, and possibility of inducing root resorption.</p><p> Materials and Methods This study includes two randomized clinical trials run in parallel. Patients with 5 to 9 mm of mandibular anterior teeth crowding according to Little's irregularity index (LII) who needed fixed orthodontic appliances without extraction were randomly assigned to four groups of aligning archwires (each trial with two groups): 0.014-inch, 0.018-inch Superelastic-NiTi; 0.016-inch SmartArch; 0.014-inch, 0.018-inch Cu-NiTi; and 0.016-inch, 0.018-inch Tubular coaxial-NiTi. LII was measured pretreatment and every 4 weeks for the next 16 weeks. Pain perception was assessed using a visual analogue scale in the first 7 days after the placement of each archwire. Periapical radiographs for mandibular central incisors were taken pretreatment and after 16 weeks to assess root resorption. The alignment efficiency was tested using a repeated measures analysis of variance test with mixed factorial design (between and within-subject effect), while pain perception and root resorption were tested using the Kruskal–Wallis test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test.</p><p> Results A total of 73 patients were recruited from different centers. The analysis included 64 patients who completed the trials. Neither clinical nor statistical significance was found between the groups regarding the alignment. Similarly, there was no significant difference between the four groups regarding pain perception and root resorption. However, root resorption was slightly more in the Superelastic-NiTi group than in the other groups.</p><p> Limitations The short time that root resorption was reported.</p><p> Conclusions The four types of archwires performed comparably regarding the alignment efficiency, associated perception of pain, and the possibility of inducing root resorption.</p><p> Registration The trials included in this study were registered with ClinicalTrials.gov on May 26, 2022 (Registration number: NCT05391542) and August 18, 2022 (Registration number: NCT05510206).</p>
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Publication Date
Mon Dec 20 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
STUDY THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND DETERMINATION THE CYTOTOXICITY OF KOJIC ACID PRODUCED FROM THE LOCAL ISOLATE ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS WJF81 AND THEIR EFFECTS ON CONSUMER HEALTH.: STUDY THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND DETERMINATION THE CYTOTOXICITY OF KOJIC ACID PRODUCED FROM THE LOCAL ISOLATE ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS WJF81 AND THEIR EFFECTS ON CONSUMER HEALTH.
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Steps were taken to obtain the Kojic acid crystals from local fungal isolation A. flavus WJF81 by separating the fermentation products from the fungus mycelium from the production plant at the centrifuge at a speed of 5000 cycles for 10 minutes. The extraction was followed by ethyl acetate then supernatant concentrate by using rotary evaporator, and dried with heat oven 37ºC. Long, yellowish, pristine acid crystals were obtained that examined the optical microscope with a magnification force of 10x and 40x. The melting point of kojic acid was determined between 152.9-153.5 °C Results of the diagnosis of Kojic acid by applying High pressure liquid chromatography HPLC technique showed that the acid was at one peak, which was close to the

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 30 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Proposed model for the work of audit committees in the public sector and its interaction with the Federal Board of Supreme Audit to reduce the incidents of fraud
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This growing interest of the international scientific specialized commissions is due to the role that the audit committee can play, as one of companies’ governance tools, to increase the accuracy and transparency of the financial information disclosed by the companies, through its oversight role on the process of preparing financial reports, its supervision on the internal audit function within the companies, and supporting its independency, as well as coordinating the efforts between the internal control unites and the external auditor represented by the (Board of Supreme Audit) to clear the observations and irregularities in order to reduce the fraud cases.

This research was built on an applied sample of audit committee works

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 10 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Optics
Implementing quantum key distribution based on coincidence detection captured from two different single photon detection modules
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Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides unconditional security in theory. However, practical QKD systems face challenges in maximizing the secure key rate and extending transmission distances. In this paper, we introduce a comparative study of the BB84 protocol using coincidence detection with two different quantum channels: a free space and underwater quantum channels. A simulated seawater was used as an example for underwater quantum channel. Different single photon detection modules were used on Bob’s side to capture the coincidence counts. Results showed that increasing the mean photon number generally leads to a higher rate of coincidence detection and therefore higher possibility of increasing the secure key rate. The secure key rat

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 09 2018
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum (p-issn: 1017-8678 , E-issn: 2311-9799)
THIRTY TWO ALGAE NEW RECORDS REPORTED IN PONDS AT GWER SUB-DISTRICT, ERBIL -KURDISTAN REGION, IRAQ
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    This study was carried out from February to October 2012 in six semi salty ponds in Gwer sub-district which is the first work in the area. A total of 32 species and 2 genera of algae where reported as the new records. Mostly the non diatoms are belonging to Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, Euglenophyta, Cryptophyta, Chrysophyceae, while diatoms or Bacilariophyceae are belong to pennals- order.

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 07 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Degree of Focus of The Science Curriculum for the First Intermediate Grade on National, Health, Environmental And Economic Values in Light of the Education Policy in The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and a Suggested Scenario for a Mechanism to Be Strengthe
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The study aimed to reveal the extent of the first intermediate grade science curriculum focus on the national values, health, environmental, economic values, in the light of the education policy in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, in addition to present a proposed vision to strengthen it in the science curriculum for the first intermediate grade. The study was applied to the two books student and the two books of activity on the first-second semesters for the academic year 1441 AH. To analyze the curriculum content, the study used a verified card prepared by the researchers and a criterion for interpreting percentages. The study reached the following results: environmental values ranked first with a concentration of (43%), i.e. with an avera

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 08 2024
Journal Name
Al-academy
Designing a module in light of cognitive learning theories and their impact on the achievement of students of the Department of Art Education and their motivation in learning the subject of aesthetics.
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This research aims to:
1 – Make a proposed module for (aesthetics) for the second stage - Department of Art Education under education theories.
2 - Verification from the effect of the proposed module on student achievement and motivation towards learning aesthetics material.
To verification the second goal we wording these two hypotheses:
1- There are no individual differences with statistically significant at level (0.05) between the student's scores average. (Experimental group ) who studied according to the proposed module and the average student's scores (control group) who studied in the usual way for the achievement test for the Aesthetics material.
2- There are no individual differences with statistically signifi

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 02 2016
Journal Name
مجلة العلوم التربوية والنفسية
The effect of the K.W.L.Plus strategy in developing the mental skills and reflective thinking of first-year middle school female students
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Publication Date
Tue Feb 14 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Situation of Refugees and Displaced Women in Arab Countries during Conflicts According to the Perspective of the Arab Women's Organization
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Abstract

The scope of the humanitarian tragedies in the Arab region has widened after the conflicts that erupted over the past years, exacerbation to include educational, cultural, and social dimensions, economic and moral aspects of the displaced families, especially after the emergence of terrorist organizations and sectarian conflicts which overthrew human and led to various political and demographic changes, forcing citizens to leave their homes, fleeing with their families from the danger of murder, terrorism, and violation to other safer areas inside or outside their countries. Women and children were the vast majority of the displaced who were subjected to great pressures, The host communities bore the pro

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
" Measuring the competitive performance of the National Insurance Company and some of its branches using the Revealed comparative advantage index RCAI "
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The research dealt with the subject of measuring the competitive performance of the National Insurance Company and some of its branches (Basra, Ninwa, Kirkuk and Babil), Depending on the Revenue Growth Index at the activity level, and the Revealed Comparative Advantage Index RCAIAt the branch level,To measure the competitiveness of the company And some branches, As the problem of research in the lack of adoption by some companies in the insurance service sector on scientific indicators to measure their competitive performance, The aims of the research is to measure the competitiveness of the National Insurance Company, as well as the competitiveness of its branches according to the scientific method, One of the main Conclusions of the re

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sun Jul 02 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Effect of Carin Model in The Achievement of The First Intermediate Grade Students and Their Reflective Thinking in Physics Subject.
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The Current research aims to identify ( the effect of Carin model in the achievement of the first intermediate Grade Students and their Reflective Thinking in physics Subject ) the researcher selected the experimental design with a partial adjust , The research sample consisted of ( 47 ) Students with ( 23 ) Students in the experimental group and ( 24 ) Students in the control group , The two groups rewarded in the variables chronological age in months , Reflective Thinking and the degrees in physics in the first course. The researcher coined the purposes of behavioral which belong to chapter fifth, sixth, and seventh of physics books scheduled of the school year ( 2015-2016 ) and prepared appropriate lesson plans for the two experimenta

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