تعد لعبة كرة القدم ولا زالت من الألعاب التي تحظى بمتابعة الكثير من شرائح المجتمع، وهناك عناصر أساسية لها ( الملعب، الأدوات، اللاعبين، الحكام ) والحكام يشكلون العنصر الرئيس لهذه اللعبة إذ تدار كل مباراة بواسطة طاقم تحكيمي يشمل حكم ساحة بالتعاون مع حكمين مساعدين وحكم رابع ، ومن خلال خبرة الباحثان كونهما يعملان في مجال التحكيم وجدا إن هناك ضعفا في هذا المجال للموسم الكروي (2008 – 2009)، وهذا ما أشارت أليه العديد من وسائل الإعلام وكذلك بعض المختصين في هذا المجال ، ويهدف هذا البحث إلى: 1.التعرف على واقع التحكيم في العراق للموسم الكروي (2008 – 2009). 2.مقارنة واقع التحكيم للموسم الكروي (2008 – 2009) مع الموسمين السابقين واستخدم الباحثان المنهج الوصفي بأسلوب المسح ، بينما اشتملت عينة البحث على (164) فردا يمثلون المختصين في هذه اللعبة من (مدربين ، حكام ، لاعبين ، مشرفين ،والصحفيين الرياضيين) إذ تم توزيع استمارات خاصة لكل فئة من هذه العينة للإجابة عنها ومن ثم تحليلها ومناقشتها لبيان واقع التحكيم في العراق وقد توصل الباحثان إلى مجموعه من الاستنتاجات منها : 1.يتفق أفراد العينة بان مستوى التحكيم كان دون الوسط . 2.إن من أسباب ضعف مستوى التحكيم في العراق هو عدم كفاءة بعض الحكام وقلة الدورات التحكيمية. وقد خرج الباحثان بمجموعة من التوصيات منها : 1.ضرورة إبعاد العناصر التحكيمية غير الكفوءة وإدخال العناصر الجيدة والصغيرة في العمر منهم في دورات تحكيمية مستمرة لغرض زيادة خبرتهم في هذا المجال . 2.ضرورة مساهمة وسائل الإعلام المختلفة في توعية اللاعبين والجماهير الرياضية وشرح قانون كرة القدم بصورة واضحة وعدم التحريض على الحكام.
The research explain the analysis of finance investments through analyze the finance tables for commercial banks, by using the pointers to indicate the limits of economical benefit for these investments, and fix the negative deviations and as well positive, for the purpose of diagnostic the negative (disadvantage) and develop the advantage deviation, For the importance of finance investments in the development operation and economical growth, further to that the finance investments is represent one of the most activities in the commercial banks in which aim the adequate incomes as a result of the commercial banks act to receipt the banks deposits and then make it growth and develop through commercial advantage o
... Show MoreDespite all the possibilities held by Iraq for the production of poultry , but there is low and clear in the level of production and a rise in costs and a decline in per capita consumption is due to a number of reasons, including poor investment , stop government subsides , dumping policies , market Bolmottagat imported , the contribution of the merchant squandering of national capacity , weak base material for the growth of this sector , the security situation and the crisis of energy and others .
Despite all this research has shown that there are great investment opportunities in this very sector of the market size and absorptive capacity of his and the growth of per capita income and level of cul
... Show MoreThe aim of this study was to provide an overall assessment to the efficiency of the Iraq stocks exchanges (ISE) through specifying well –known models .First, Fama's efficient market hypothesis as a contrary concept to the random walk hypothesis, was performed and it has been found that ISE follows the random process, so the price of the shares can't be predicated on the basis of past information. Second,we use a multifactor model, which so named multiple regression, to explore the link between ISE and the main economic indicators. our empirical analysis finds that every weak associations exists between major ISE measures and main economic indicators.
The Recent days witness an in creasing importanc of Islamic Banks which stems from the wide spread in Islamic and non-Islamic countries,Especially in USA and European countries.the consideration in Islamic Banks came after the financial crisis in 2008.Islamic Banks work with conventional banks in most countries,that is,the formers may face the same risks which face the latters,that represent the larger percent of the International Banking system.the problms that may affect Islamic Banks related to many causes,some related to the working in common economic environment.others related to the possibility of simulation to the method of investment and financing in conventional Banks,this mean,the work with principles not compling with
... Show MoreLanguage always conveys ideologies that represent an essential aspect of the world we live in. The beliefs and opinions of an individual or community can be organized, interacted with, and negotiated via the use of language. Recent researches have paid attention to bullying as a social issue. They have focused on the psychological aspect of bullying rather than the linguistic one. To bridge this gap, the current study is intended to investigate the ideology of bullying from a critical stylistic perspective. The researchers adopt Jeffries' (2010) critical stylistics model to analyze the data which is five extracts taken from Hunt’s Fish in a Tree (2015). The analysis demonstrates
... Show Moreٳن العلاقة بين التخطيط والتنمية، تكتسب᾽ شكلها وطبيعتها من خلال دور التخطيط في ٳخضاع عملية التغيير والتحوّل للأوضاع الاقتصادية من وضع الى وضع آخر أكثر تقدما̋ عن طريق ٳعتماد منهج التخطيط لتحديد معالم خطوط السير المجدول زمنيا̋ لعملية التغيير والتحوّل وفقا̋ لرؤية الحكومة وفلسفتها باتجاه الانتقال من وضع ٳقتصادي وٳجتماعي متخلف الى وضع ٳقتصادي وٳجتماعي آخر يسمح بجعل عملية النمو مستمرة، ويمكن تبيّن تلك
... Show MoreOn of the direct causes which led to the global financial crisis 2008 is decrease or collapse in liquidity of large financial institutions which is reflected on investments of a considerable number of institutions and persons.
This study aim's through out its three sections to explain the disclosure level of financial institutions which affected by Financial Crisis from liquidity information which explained in the statement of cash flow according to Timeliness and Completeness.
The study concluded an important result the company of research sample was disclosure in Timeliness and Completeness from all of accounting information is related in liquidity or that related in result of operations and financial position. The more
... Show MoreAbstract
financial market occupy very important place in the economic activity all over the world countris, and its importance increased with considerable technological progress in the world of transportation ,communications and information where its impact have spread over the whole world, which led to link the international economy in a kind of international relations so that the open policy became the prevailing trend in national and regional economies within the framework of the new world order.
the international economy has faced the financial crisis, global, that hit all world economies although the United States is the center of the crisis and the starting spark for it w
... Show MoreThe results of the analysis showed that there is a correlation between ISO 9001 and the competitive advantage, which shows that the implementation of ISO 9001 in the private colleges achieves a competitive advantage through its ability to employ the entrance of quality systems management according to ISO 9001, By focusing on improving the quality of its educational services in accordance with a clear and understandable policy for all and its ability to meet the expectations, expectations and wishes of students and beneficiaries, which leads to lower costs of operations compared to other colleges and achieve a higher level of reliability and quality and value of services provided and rapid respon
... Show More This study includes Estimating scale parameter, location parameter and reliability function for Extreme Value (EXV) distribution by two methods, namely: -
- Maximum Likelihood Method (MLE).
- Probability Weighted Moments Method (PWM).
Used simulations to generate the required samples to estimate the parameters and reliability function of different sizes(n=10,25,50,100) , and give real values for the parameters are and , replicate the simulation experiments (RP=1000)
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