This study examines the removal of ciprofloxacin in an aqueous solution using green tea silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs). The synthesized Ag-NPs have been classified by the different techniques of SEM, AFM, BET, FTIR, and Zeta potential. Spherical nanoparticles with average sizes of 32 nm and a surface area of 1.2387m2/g are found to be silver nanoparticles. The results showed that the ciprofloxacin removal efficiency depends on the initial pH (2.5-10), CIP (2-15 mg/L), temperature (20-50°C), time (0-180 min), and Ag-NPs dosage (0.1-1g/L). Batch experiments revealed that the removal rate with ratio (1:1) (w/w) were 52%, and 79.8% of the 10 mg/L of CIP at 60, and 180 minutes, respectively with optimal pH=4. Kinetic models for adsorption and ciprofloxacin mechanism removal were also investigated, and kinetic analyzes showed adsorption to be a 3.8727kJ.mol-1 activation energy physical adsorption mechanism. The kinetic removal process, due to the low activation energy of 14.0606kJ.mol-1, is preferred the model of first-order after a physical diffusion-controlled reaction. Adsorption information from Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin models was followed, and the Dubinin isotherm model was the best-fitted model. the thermodynamic parameter ?G0 values at 20, 30, 40 and 50°C were (0.5163, -0.0691, -0.9589, -0.5927kJ/mol). The value of ?H0 and ?S0 were (12.713kJ/mol and 0.0422073kJ/mol.k) which indicated favorable and endothermic sorption. The presence and concentration of CIP in aqueous media were identified through UV analysis.
Abstract: The research covered five chapters: So, the first chapter definition of the research is from the introduction to the research and its importance, as the importance of the research lies in an expression of the reality of e-learning as it is one of the new patterns of the educational process and its role in enhancing communication and interconnectedness between the learners from the students ’point of view Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Girls, University of Baghdad, as for the problem The research was, and through the researcher’s acquaintance with many previous studies, references and sources, and being a student at the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of
... Show MoreBuckling analysis of a laminated composite thin plate with different boundary conditions subjected to in-plane uniform load are studied depending on classical laminated plate theory; analytically using (Rayleigh-Ritz method). Equation of motion of the plates was derived using the principle of virtual work and solved using modified Fourier displacement function that satisfies general edge conditions. The eigenvalue problem generated by using Ritz method, the set of linear algebraic equations can be solved using MATLAB for symmetric and anti-symmetric, cross and angle-ply laminated plate considering some design parameters such as aspect ratios, number of layers, lamination type and orthotropic ratio. The results obtained g
... Show MoreWith time progress importance of hiding information become more and more and all steganography applications is like computer games between hiding and extracting data, or like thieves and police men always thieve hides from police men in different ways to keep him out of prison. The sender always hides information in new way in order not to be understood by the attackers and only the authorized receiver can open the hiding message. This paper explores our proposed random method in detail, how chooses locations of pixel in randomly , how to choose a random bit to hide information in the chosen pixel, how it different from other approaches, how applying information hiding criteria on the proposed project, and attempts to test out in code, and
... Show MoreRecording an Electromyogram (EMG) signal is essential for diagnostic procedures like muscle health assessment and motor neurons control. The EMG signals have been used as a source of control for powered prosthetics to support people to accomplish their activities of daily living (ADLs). This work deals with studying different types of hand grips and finding their relationship with EMG activity. Five subjects carried out four functional movements (fine pinch, tripod grip and grip with the middle and thumb finger, as well as the power grip). Hand dynamometer has been used to record the EMG activity from three muscles namely; Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR), Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (FDS), and Abductor Pollicis Brevis (ABP) with different le
... Show MoreObjective: Evaluation of the poly ether keton keton polymer (PEKK) coating material on the commercial pure titanium disks (CP Ti) with or without laser surface structuring. Design: In vitro experimental study of PEKK polymer coated material on the CP Ti disks with or without laser surface structuring. Materials and methods: coating the surface of the commercial pure titanium (CP Ti) disks with PEKK polymer was performed via using frictional mode CO2 laser, then the samples disks analyzed by using FESEM. Results: the FESEM reveal good adherence and distribution of the PEKK coated material over the CP Ti substrate by using the frictional mode CO2 laser at 2 watt and 6 ms pulse duration. Conclusion: the frictional mode CO2 laser considered an
... Show MoreThe aim of this study was to develop a sensor based on a carbon paste electrodes (CPEs) modified with used MIP for determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs). The modified electrode exhibited a significantly increased sensitivity and selectivity of (OPPs). The MIP was prepared by thermo-polymerization method using N,N-diethylaminoethymethacrylate (NNDAA) as functional monomer, N,N-1,4-phenylenediacrylamide (NNPDA) as cross-linker, the acetonitrile used as solvent and (Opps) as the template molecule. The three OPPs (diazinon, quinalphos and chlorpyrifos) were chosen as the templates, which have been selected as base analytes which used widely in agriculture sector. The extraction efficiency of the imprinted polymers has been evaluat
... Show MoreIn this paper, a new technique is offered for solving three types of linear integral equations of the 2nd kind including Volterra-Fredholm integral equations (LVFIE) (as a general case), Volterra integral equations (LVIE) and Fredholm integral equations (LFIE) (as special cases). The new technique depends on approximating the solution to a polynomial of degree and therefore reducing the problem to a linear programming problem(LPP), which will be solved to find the approximate solution of LVFIE. Moreover, quadrature methods including trapezoidal rule (TR), Simpson 1/3 rule (SR), Boole rule (BR), and Romberg integration formula (RI) are used to approximate the integrals that exist in LVFIE. Also, a comparison between those
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