Segmentation is the process of partition digital images into different parts depending on texture, color, or intensity, and can be used in different fields in order to segment and isolate the area to be partitioned. In this work images of the Moon obtained through observations in Astronomy and space dep. College of science university of Baghdad by ( Toward space telescopes and widespread used of a CCD camera) . Different segmentation methods were used to segment lunar craters. Different celestial objects cause craters when they crash into the surface of the Moon like asteroids and meteorites. Thousands of craters appears on the Moon's surface with ranges in size from meter to many kilometers, it provide insights into the age and ge

The perturbation of a satellite high orbit due to the presence of other
gravitational bodies (such as the Sun and the Moon) and SRP from the conservative
perturbing forces were studied, using our modified model. A precise calculation of
the perturbations is possible only if the initial orbit is sufficiently well known.
Orbital elements that have been entered hp=3000Km., inclination= 63ᵒ, 23ᵒ and
eccentricity= 0.1, longitude of ascending node 30ᵒ, argument of perigee 40ᵒ where
the orbital elements will deviate from initial values with time through 3000 days.
Newton-Rapson method was used to calculate the position and velocity with out
perturbation . The perturbed equation of motion solved numerically using

      Land surface temperature (LST) is crucial for determining the region's environmental quality because a significant temperature rise causes disasters, which cause environmental imbalance, reducing biodiversity and hastening desertification. In this study, remote sensing and geographic information systems were used to estimate the change in the LST of Babylon, Iraq, using two satellite images taken 20 years apart (2002, 2022). The temperature was extracted using a specific mathematical model in ArcMap10.8 software. The findings demonstrated a significant variation in temperatures and the concentration in various regions of Babylon between 2002 and 2022 and the relationship between LST and Normalized difference

A watermark is a pattern or image defined in a paper that seems as different shades of light/darkness when viewed by the transmitted light which used for improving the robustness and security. There are many ways to work Watermark, including the addition of an image or text to the original image, but in this paper was proposed another type of watermark is add curves, line or forms have been drawn by interpolation, which produces watermark difficult to falsify and manipulate it. Our work suggests new techniques of watermark images which is embedding Cubic-spline interpolation inside the image using Bit Plane Slicing. The Peak to Signal Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Mean Square Error (MSE) value is calculated so that the quality of the original i

This research including lineament automated extraction by using PCI Geomatica program, depending on satellite image and lineament analysis by using GIS program. Analysis included density analysis, length density analysis and intersection density analysis. When calculate the slope map for the study area, found the relationship between the slope and lineament density.
The lineament density increases in the regions that have high values for the slope, show that lineament play an important role in the classification process as it isolates the class for the other were observed in Iranian territory, clearly, also show that one of the lineament hit shoulders of Galal Badra dam and the surrounding areas dam. So should take into consideration

Enhancing quality image fusion was proposed using new algorithms in auto-focus image fusion. The first algorithm is based on determining the standard deviation to combine two images. The second algorithm concentrates on the contrast at edge points and correlation method as the criteria parameter for the resulted image quality. This algorithm considers three blocks with different sizes at the homogenous region and moves it 10 pixels within the same homogenous region. These blocks examine the statistical properties of the block and decide automatically the next step. The resulted combined image is better in the contras

This paper describes a new finishing process using magnetic abrasives were newly made to finish effectively brass plate that is very difficult to be polished by the conventional machining processes. Taguchi experimental design method was adopted for evaluating the effect of the process parameters on the improvement of the surface roughness and hardness by the magnetic abrasive polishing. The process parameters are: the applied current to the inductor, the working gap between the workpiece and the inductor, the rotational speed and the volume of powder. The analysis of variance(ANOVA) was analyzed using statistical software to identify the optimal conditions for better surface roughness and hardness. Regressions models based on statistical m

In the present work, different remote sensing techniques have been used to analyze remote sensing data spectrally using ENVI software. The majority of algorithms used in the Spectral Processing can be organized as target detection, change detection and classification. In this paper several methods of target detection have been studied such as matched filter and constrained energy minimization.
The water body mapping have been obtained and the results showed changes on the study area through the period 1995-2000. Also the results that obtained from applying constrained energy minimization were more accurate than other method comparing with the real situation.

 Pan sharpening (fusion image) is the procedure of merging suitable information from two or more images into a single image. The image fusion techniques allow the combination of different information sources to improve the quality of image and increase its utility for a particular application. In this research, six pan-sharpening method have been implemented between the panchromatic and multispectral images, these methods include Ehlers, color normalize, Gram-Schmidt, local mean and variance matching, Daubechies of rank two and Symlets of rank four  wavelet transform. Two images captured by two different sensors such as landsat-8 and world view-2 have been adopted to achieve the fusion purpose. Different fidelity metric like MS