ان اي مجتمع لابد له من سلطة تنظم امره وتدبر شؤونه لان المجتمع الانساني ضروري ويعبر الحكماء عن هذا بقولهم (( الانسان مدني بالطبع اي لابد له من الاجتماع ))⁽

[i]⁾ ، وان مبدأ سيادة القانون يتطلب وجود دولة قانونية تقوم على اركان حقيقية تستمد قوتها من الشعب باعتباره مصدر السلطات ،ولها قوة ملزمة تستمدها من القواعد الدستورية التي ارست عليها بنائها القان

Urban land uses are in a dynamic state that varies over time, the city of Karbala in Iraq has experienced functional changes over the past 100 years, as the city is characterized by the presence of significant tourist and socio-economic activity represented by religious tourism, and it occur due to various reasons such as urbanization. The purpose of this study is to apply a Markov model to analyze and predict the behavior of transforming the use of land in Karbala city over time. This can include the conversion of agricultural land, or other areas into residential, commercial, industrial land uses. The process of urbanization is typically driven by population growth, economic development, based on a set of probabilities and transitions bet

Polymers, being one of the most important materials in dentistry, offer great physical and mechanical qualities, as well as good biocompatibility. Aim of this study was done to evaluate the Polyetherketoneketone and Polyetherketoneketone polymer composite material used as dental implant through tensile strength, Fourier Transform Infrared analysis FTIR, and wettability). Polyetherketoneketone composites (Polyetherketoneketone and Strontium-containing hydroxyapatite) with selected weight percentage ratios of (0, 10%, 20%, 30%), were fabricated using a compression molding technique”, The study involved Samples preparation (sheets) shaped and form into the desired shape according to standard for tests which included tensile strength,