To find out a simple and efficient equation to estimate maize ear grain weight on farm (in situ), twenty three maize crosses along with two synthetics were grown in the field. On the experimental farm of the Dept. of Field Crop Sci., College of Agric., Univ. of Baghdad, seeds of twenty five maize genotypes were grown in the fall season of 2013 with three replicates. At dough stage of the kernels, five naked ears of each experimental units were measured for length and maximum diameter. This will sum up 125 ears of the trial. The volumes of ears were calculated as cylinder (length× r2× 3.1416). Grain weight of all ears were determined after harvesting and drying to 15% grain moisture. A constant was calculated by dividing ear grain weight by each ear volume. Estimated ear grain weights were tested against observed by applying correlation coefficient and it was found to be positive and highly significant (r= 0.998**). The observed and estimated values of ear grain weights were tested by t-test. The two means of observed and estimated ear grain weights were fit to 0.89 probability of t-value. The final equation to estimate ear grain weight in situ is= r2× L× 0.94, where r is radius of ear and L is ear length. However, in case of super hybrids of high ear fertility and kernel filling, estimated ear grain weight will be= r2× L.
We studied at the morphology, structural setup, and optical characteristics of thin cadmium (CdSe) films a thickness of 250 nm that were created by thermal evaporation over glass, The films exhibited a hexagonal shape were crystalline, and tended to form grains in the (111) crystallographic direction, according to the X-ray diffraction examinations. These characteristics were established using the investigation's findings. Through the use of thin films of CdSe doped with Ag at a concentration of 1.5%, the crystal structure orientations for pure CdSe (25.32, 41.84) and CdSe:Ag (25.39, 41.01) that were both pure as well as those that were doped with silver were both determined. The band gap of the optical spectrum decreased by 1.93–
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The Wheat husk is one of the common wastes abundantly available in the Middle East countries especially in Iraq. The present study aimed to evaluate the Wheat husk as low cost material, eco-friendly adsorbents for the removal of the carcinogenic dye (Congo red dye) from wastewater by investigate the effect of, at different conditions such as, pH(3-10), amount of adsorbents (1-2.3gm/L),and particle size (125-1000) μm, initial Congo red dye concentration(10, 25 , 50 and 75mg/l) by batch experiments. The results showed that the removal percentage of dye increased with increasing adsorbent dosage, and decreasing particle size. The maximum removal and uptake reached (91%) , 21.5mg/g, respectively for 25 initial concent
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Production of fatty acid esters (biodiesel) from oleic acid and 2-ethylhexanol using sulfated zirconia as solid catalyst for the production of biodiesel was investigated in this work.
The parameters studied were temperature of reaction (100 to 130°C), molar ratio of alcohol to free fatty acid (1:1 to 3:1), concentration of catalyst (0.5 to 3%wt), mixing speed (500 to 900 rpm) and types of sulfated zirconia (i.e modified, commercial, prepared catalyst according to literature and reused catalyst). The results show the best conversion to biodiesel was 97.74% at conditions of 130°C, 3:1, 2wt% and 650 rpm using modified catalyst respectively. Also, modified c
... Show MoreThis research deals with the effects of welding variables using MIG/MAG spot by using Argon (Ar) gas and CO2 to show their effect on the mechanical characteristics and microstructure of low alloy steel type DIN15Mo3 and determine the optimum condition for the process of welding ; current & time. The results show the possibility of using CO2 and also Ar in low alloy steel welding with a little decrease in the shear force of not more than 13% for 4mm thickness and time 2sec. The shear force increased when using Ar instead of CO2 to be , The shear force reach 36KN when using Ar at 2mm thickness time of 8 sec and current of 220 Amp. , when used CO2 instead of Ar d
... Show MoreWith the continuous downscaling of semiconductor processes, the growing power density and thermal issues in multicore processors become more and more challenging, thus reliable dynamic thermal management (DTM) is required to prevent severe challenges in system performance. The accuracy of the thermal profile, delivered to the DTM manager, plays a critical role in the efficiency and reliability of DTM, different sources of noise and variations in deep submicron (DSM) technologies severely affecting the thermal data that can lead to significant degradation of DTM performance. In this article, we propose a novel fault-tolerance scheme exploiting approximate computing to mitigate the DSM effects on DTM efficiency. Approximate computing in hardw
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Background: Implantology is a fast growing area in dentistry. One of the most common issues encountered in dental implantation procedures is the lack of adequate preoperative planning. Conventional radiography may not be able to assess the true regional three-dimensional anatomical presentation. Multi Slice Computed Tomography provides data in 3-dimentional format offering information on craniofacial anatomy for diagnosis; this technology enables the virtual placement of implant in a 3-Dimensional model of the patient jaw (dental planning). Patients, Material and Methods: The sample consisted of (72) Iraqi patients indicated for dental implant (34 male and 38 female), age range between (20-70) years old. They were examined during a time p
... Show MoreThe aim of this research is to test the relationship of influence and correlation between strategic performance and its five dimensions (financial dimension, after internal processes, after internal customer satisfaction, after learning and growth, environmental and social dimension), by adopting international indicators in agricultural projects To determine the extent of the differences between the research variable and its dimensions, and then try to come out with a number of recommendations that contribute to the evaluation of agricultural projects and their performance by diagnosing and treating deviations, and based on the importance of the research topic in agricultural institutions. Institutions of the Environment and Soci
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In this work, PAni nanofibers (NFs) are successfully synthesized via hydrothermal method. The structural, surface morphological, optical, electrical and H2S gas sensing properties have been investigated for PAni thin films deposited by spin coating technique. The XRD pattern reveals crystalline nature of PAni NFs with crystallite size of 9.2 nm. The SEM image of Polyaniline clearly indicates that the polymer possesses nanofiber like structure. The optical properties show that the optical energy gap follows allowed direct electronic transition calculated using Tauc’s equation. Intense hotoluminescence (PL) peaks at 309, 340 and 605 nm are observed. The electrical properties such as D.C. conductivity and Hall effect have been studied wher
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