Background: To study prevalence and method of diagnosis of acute rubella Infection during early pregnancy in Iraq.
Patients and Methods: Clinical signs and symptoms of acute rubella infection were looked for in (170) pregnant women looked before (12) weeks of gestation .Serial rubella specific IgG and IgM serological testing was done in these (170) women before (12) weeks of pregnancy, after (3) weeks, and again at (18-20) weeks of gestation.
Results: Three woman had clinical signs and symptoms of rubella infection from (26) woman were IgM positive at (9) weeks of pregnancy; (94) were IgG +ve but IgM –ve initially and also on repeat sampling after (3) weeks; while (50) women were nonimmune (IgG and I

BACKGROUND-to explor the infections associated with acute appendicitis in surgically removed appendices in Diyala.

Materials and Methods: this study include 160 surgically removed appendices with acute appendicitis . the patients were 66 fenales and 94 males. the age range was 5-53years with mean age 22.9±7.2 years.the surgically removed appendicitis were submitted for gross inspection and microscopic examination including direct mount, sedimentation and flotation techniques. Additionally specimens from 25 appendices were processed and examined histopathologically.

Results: The rate of parasitic infection in surgically removed appendices was 26.2%. the rate of single parastic infection was 23.1%, while the rate of two pa

Background:
Inflammation has been shown to play a role in atherosclerosis and acute coronary syndromes. An elevated total WBC count has been associated with increased cardiovascular
risk, but which leukocyte subtypes carry this risk. is uncertain. This study was designed to determine the effect of WBC count and other inflammatory markers on severity and
outcome of patients with UA/NSTEMI.
Patients and Methods:
Seventy (70) patients with UA / NSTEMI admitted to CCU at the Iraqi Center for Heart Diseases were subjected to thorough history and physical examination and WBC indices to
find their relation to clinical severity and outcome for both in-hospital and/month after discharge. The results were comp

Background: Acute renal failure (ARF) in children is a catastrophic, life -threatening event
Aim of the study: the aim of the present study is to find out the etiology and outcome of patients with acute renal failure below two years of age admitted to the hospital.
Patients and methods: A prospective study was carried out on children below 2 years of age (with exclusion of neonatal period) presented with acute renal shut down
admitted to Children Welfare Teaching Hospital during the period from Jan. 1st, 2007tojan30th,2008.
Results: the study group included 100 patients with acute renal failure, 69 males and 31 females with M/F ratio 2.2:1.Age range was between (2 months - 2 years).
Prerenal ARF wa

Background: Nicotine addiction is the inevitable result for many smokers. Regardless of control and intervention strategies for smoking cessation, it is important to determine the nicotine dependence score for each smoker. 

Objectives: To assess the nicotine dependence by FAGERSTRŐM Test for nicotine dependence (FTND score) and to find out the association of nicotine dependence with some smoking-related comorbidities and with the level of education.

Patients and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study on a total of 200 adult smokers who were attending different departments in Al-Imamain Al-Kadhimain Medical City during the period from April 2019 to October 2019. Demograp

Background: Inflammation contributes across the spectrum of cardiovascular disease, including the earliest steps in atherogenesis. Myocardial Infarction (MI) is most commonly due to occlusion (blockage) of a coronary artery following the rupture of a vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque. It has been suggested that the adipose tissue may play an important role in mediating this chronic inflammatory process, human resistin, is a 12.5-kDa protein, it found in the inflammatory zone. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine, it secreted by T cells and macrophages to stimulate immune response. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a protein found in the blood, the levels of CRP rise in response to inflammation.

60 patients diagnosed as having urticaria were included in the study ; 30 patients were effected with acute urticaria and 30 patients were affected with chronic urticaria. In addition, 30 healthy adult volunteers were selected as control group .The patients and control groups sera were examined with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA) to detect total level IgE and radial immunodiffusion (RID) to detect levels of IgG , IgA and IgM . The total level of IgE in acute urticaria ( 1.45±0.13) IU/mL and chronic urticaria (2.12 ± 0.10) IU/mL patients were significantly higher than the control groups ( 0.85 ± 0.10)IU/mL (p<0.05). The level of IgG in acute urticaria ( 12.5± 0.42) g/L and chronic (13.16±0.40) g/L patients , IgA in acute (2.

Background: Myocardial Infarction (MI) is most commonly due to occlusion (blockage) of a coronary artery following the rupture of a vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque. It has been suggested that the adipose tissue may play an important role in mediating this chronic inflammatory process. Inflammatory responses are involved in the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic plaques. Resistin is a cysteine-rich polypeptide that is expressed at relatively lower levels in human adipocytes but higher levels in macrophages. Insulin is an important hormone as it regulates the level of glucose, in the blood. This protein is formed in specialized cells of the pancreas called beta islet cells.
Subjects and Methods:The study included 50 patient

Background: women with acute coronary syndrome have increased in-hospital morbidity & mortality as compared with men following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). It remains unclear if this difference secondary to the sex or other confounding variables.

Patients and Methods: We sought to examine the characteristics and outcomes of 71 consecutive women (49.2%) and men (50.7) undergoing PCI at The Iraqi Center of Heart Diseases from October 2005 to March 2006.

Results: There were significant differences in the baseline characteristics between both sexes. Women more frequently had SVD(single vessel desiease) (25.7% vs. 16.6%) and 2VD (37.1% vs. 16.6%) while Men wer