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Performance Evaluation of Al-Karkh Water Treatment Plant Using Model-driven and Data-Driven Models
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Abstract<p>There is a great operational risk to control the day-to-day management in water treatment plants, so water companies are looking for solutions to predict how the treatment processes may be improved due to the increased pressure to remain competitive. This study focused on the mathematical modeling of water treatment processes with the primary motivation to provide tools that can be used to predict the performance of the treatment to enable better control of uncertainty and risk. This research included choosing the most important variables affecting quality standards using the correlation test. According to this test, it was found that the important parameters of raw water: Total Hardness, Calcium, Magnesium, Total Solids, Nitrite, Nitrates, Ammonia, and Silica are to be used to construct the specific model, while pH, Fluoride, Aluminium, Nitrite, Nitrate, Ammonia, Silica, and Orthophosphate of the treated water were eliminated from the analysis. For modeling the coagulation and flocculation process temperature, Alkalinity and pH of raw water were the depended variables of the model. As for the modeling process turbidity of the treated water was used as the output variable. In general, the linear models including model-driven type, (Multivariate multiple regression, MMR and Multiple linear regression, MLR) have slightly higher prediction efficiencies than the, data-driven type (artificial neural network, ANNM). The coefficients of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) reached 66 to 85% for the MMR and MLR models and 65 to 81% for the ANN models.</p>
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Publication Date
Thu Sep 02 2021
Journal Name
International Journal Of Drug Delivery Technology
Role of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidophilus as a Treatment of Cryptosporidiosis in Mice
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Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic activity of probiotics mixture of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidophilus towards Cryptosporidium infection in experimentally infected mice. Oocysts of Cryptosporidium were separated from the stool of humans to infect mice. Methods: Forty male albino mice were split equally into four groups, every group contained 10 mice, the group I (early treated group), were treated from the 1st day from infection to the 11th post-infection, group II (late treated group), were treated from the 4th day from infection to the 15th post-infection, and group (III) (untreated group), were mice considered as a positive control group. Results: It was showed that daily application of a mixture of L. plantarum w

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Impact of thickness and heat treatment on some physical properties of thin Cu2SnS3 films
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Copper tin sulfide (Cu2SnS3) thin films have been grown on glass
substrate with different thicknesses (500, 750 and 1000) nm by flash
thermal evaporation method after prepare its alloy from their
elements with high purity. The as-deposited films were annealed at
473 K for 1h. Compositional analysis was done using Energy
dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The microstructure of CTS powder
examined by SEM and found that the large crystal grains are shown
clearly in images. XRD investigation revealed that the alloy was
polycrystalline nature and has cubic structure with preferred
orientation along (111) plane, while as deposited films of different
thickness have amorphous structure and converted to polycrystalline

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2008
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Study of Spectral and thermal properties of Selenium Diatomic Halides by Semi-empirical Treatment
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The spectroscopic properties, potential energy curve, dipole moments, total charge density, Electrostatic potential as well as the thermodynamic properties of selenium diatomic halides have been studied using code Mopac.7.21 and hyperchem, semi-empirical molecular orbital of MNDO-method (modified neglected of differential overlap) of parameterization PM3 involving quantum mechanical semi-empirical Hamiltonian. The relevant molecular parameters like interatomic distance, bond angle, dihedral angle and net charge were also calculated.

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 19 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Study of the Toxicity and Cell Viability of Zirconium Oxide Nanoparticles Prepared from an Extract of the Vitex Agnus Castus plant
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في الدراسة الحالية، تم تصنيع جسيمات ZrO2 النانوية باستخدام مستخلص نباتي مشتق من نبات Vitex agnus castus، ووسط قلوي مثل هيدروكسيد الصوديوم. تم استخدام أسلوب التخليق الحيوي لتحضير جزيئات أوكسيد الزركونيوم النانوية لهذا المشروع البحثي. تتميز هذه الطريقة عن غيرها بسبب فعاليتها من حيث التكلفة وبساطتها وقلة المخاطر المحتملة. وتم تشخيص العينات المحضرة باستخدام المجهر الإلكتروني النافذ TEM، المجهر الإلكتروني الماسح SEM،

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Publication Date
Fri Aug 05 2016
Journal Name
Wireless Communications And Mobile Computing
A comparison study on node clustering techniques used in target tracking WSNs for efficient data aggregation
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Wireless sensor applications are susceptible to energy constraints. Most of the energy is consumed in communication between wireless nodes. Clustering and data aggregation are the two widely used strategies for reducing energy usage and increasing the lifetime of wireless sensor networks. In target tracking applications, large amount of redundant data is produced regularly. Hence, deployment of effective data aggregation schemes is vital to eliminate data redundancy. This work aims to conduct a comparative study of various research approaches that employ clustering techniques for efficiently aggregating data in target tracking applications as selection of an appropriate clustering algorithm may reflect positive results in the data aggregati

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Comparative Study on the Hardness of Mechroha Water Springs
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The vacancy of natural resources is undoubtedly limited by time. The sustainable development principle recommends modern technology for its protection and renewal. This project conducted analyses on two underground water sources in the north of Algeria (Mechroha Province). Besides, the use of the hardness factor and the adoption of the titration method, which is  the determining the concentration of an unknown solution using a known solution concentration, have permitted the characterization of the examples taken and to verify their conformity to the standard required, the results found showed HT=6.66 French degrees (oF) ) for Ain Guilloume water spring in comparison to Ain Messai water spring H

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
USING SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS IN DETERMINING THE OPTIMAL&EFFICIENT PRODUCTION PLANS IN GREENHOUSES IN ASSOCIATION OF AL-WATAN UNDER CONDITION OF RISK &UNCERTAINTY
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 The objectives of this research are to determine and find out the reality of crops structure of greenhouses in association of Al-Watan  in order to stand on the optimal use of economic resources available for the purpose of reaching a crop structure optimization of the farm that achieves maximize profit and gross and net farm incomes , using the method of linear programming to choose the farm optimal plan with the highest net income , as well as identifying production plans farm efficient with (income - deviation) optimal (E-A) of the Association and derived, which takes into account the margin risk wich derived from each plan using the model( MOTAD), as a model of models of linear programming alternative programming m

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Solution of Fuzzy Maximal Flow Problems of Vehicles in Province of Diwaniyah Using the Ranking Function for Fuzzy Linear Programming Model
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Abstract

The traffic jams taking place in the cities of the Republic of Iraq in general and the province of Diwaniyah especially, causes return to the large numbers of the modern vehicles that have been imported in the last ten years and the lack of omission for old vehicles in the province, resulting in the accumulation of a large number of vehicles that exceed the capacity of the city's streets, all these reasons combined led to traffic congestion clear at the time of the beginning of work in the morning, So researchers chose local area network of the main roads of the province of Diwaniyah, which is considered the most important in terms of traffic congestion, it was identified  fuzzy numbers for

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 03 2020
Journal Name
Chalcogenide Letters
THE EFFECT OF Ag CONTENT AND HEAT TREATMENT ON STRUCTURAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF THIN (Cu1-xAgx)2 ZnSnSe4 FILMS
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(Cu1-x,Agx)2ZnSnSe4 alloys have been fabricated with different Ag content(x=0, 0.1, and 0.2) successfully from their elements. Thin films of these alloys have been deposited on coring glass substrate at room temperature by thermal evaporation technique under vacuum of 10-5Torr with thickness of 800nm and deposition rate of 0.53 nm/sec. Later, films have been annealed in vacuum at (373, and 473)K, for one hour. The crystal structure of fabricated alloys and as deposited thin films had been examined by XRD analysis, which confirms the formation of tetragonal phase in [112] direction, and no secondary phases are founded. The shifting of main polycrystalline peak (112) to lower Bragg’s angle as compared to Cu2ZnSnSe4 angle refers to incorpora

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 23 2020
Journal Name
Biomed Research International
A Computational Model of the Brain Cortex and Its Synchronization
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Obtaining the computational models for the functioning of the brain gives us a chance to understand the brain functionality thoroughly. This would help the development of better treatments for neurological illnesses and disorders. We created a cortical model using Python language using the Brian simulator. The Brian simulator is specialized in simulating the neuronal connections and synaptic interconnections. The dynamic connection model has multiple parameters in order to ensure an accurate simulation (Bowman, 2016). We concentrated on the connection weights and studied their effect on the interactivity and connectivity of the cortical neurons in the same cortical layer and across multiple layers. As synchronization helps us to mea

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