In light of accelerating environmental degradation, the transition to a green economy is an imperative for achieving sustainable development. This study provides a critical analysis of the international legal and institutional framework governing this transition, revealing a significant gap between normative developments and the institutional framework on one hand, and their practical implementation on the other. The transition faces legal obstacles, including reliance on non-binding voluntary commitments and conflicts between environmental obligations and global trade and investment rules. It also reveals a significant financing gap, as financial flows to developing countries continue to lag behind commitments, in addition to technical barriers related to the costs and transfer of technology. The study further uncovers challenges related to social and distributive justice, where the poorest bear the brunt of the impacts and costs, undermining the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities. These obstacles are attributed to deep-seated structural issues, including the prioritization of short-term national interests over the collective good, the fragmented nature of international commitments, the conflict between economic and environmental systems, and a chronic deficit in financing and equity. The study concludes that genuine progress requires a radical restructuring of the international socio-economic contract, and a shift in global governance from establishing ambitious principles to ensuring their binding, fair, and comprehensive implementation. This is essential to transform the vision of a green economy into a practical reality that achieves sustainability and justice for all.
The tax exemption, whether wholly or partially, and for an unlimited duration of the investment or for a limited period of few years, is one of the encouraging things to the flow of foreign capital. And if necessary, impose tax on the profits of the invested capital, the promotion requires that not be discriminatory taxes or payments in the amount of money with the need to avoid double taxation. The tax exemption is granted by the government and the feature according to the law of a natural person or legal entity seeking from the government purports to achieve a set of political goals, economic and social development. The reduction of taxes or grants partial exemption is one of the factors that encourage attract of direct foreign i
... Show MoreChina's economic policy and its huge capabilities operate according to an expansion strategy, especially in investing foreign projects, as the past ten years have witnessed a major development in the elements of comprehensive strength, especially in the economic field, in 2014 China launched the largest initiative in the world, represented by the Belt and Road Project (BRI), which links nearly 70 countries, through this project, a very important region has emerged, which is (the port of cadres) in Pakistan, as China has headed towards that region and given the highest importance that is in its interest in the first place regardless of the great Pakistani interest, This is consistent with its future aspirations, especially after breaking
... Show Morestudy aims to examine education and the challenges of globalization in light of Corona pandemic. The examination involves surveying a randomly selected sample from the University of Baghdad’s professors, particularly from the colleges of Education for Women, Arts, and Sciences. The purpose of this examination is to learn about the dimensions of globalization, its effects on the educational process, and the importance of distance education during the spread of Corona virus quarantine. To achieve this, the researcher followed a descriptive and analytical approach by applying a questionnaire to a sample of 70 teachers who were randomly selected electronically. Results have shown that 78.6% emphasized the contribution of globalization duri
... Show MoreThrough the last decade, Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) methodology considers one of the new contractual relations that are also on the way to further integrate the process of combining design and instruction. On the other hand, Building Information Modeling (BIM) made significant advancements in coordinating the planning and construction processes. It is being used more often in conjunction with traditional delivery methods. In this paper, the researcher will present the achievement of IPD methodology by using BIM through applying on the design of the financial commission building in Mayssan Oil Company in Iraq. The building has not been constructed yet and it was designed by usin
The subject of research entitled "The Mechanisms of build up the dramatic construction in the films of the world of nature - National Geographic's films as a model" emerges from the importance of the subject of the dramatic construction and its departure from its classic style due to the evolution of the visual presentation and its instruments and the specificity and emergence of a form of television production represented by the films of the world of nature which began to occupy an important space in the map of television and television channels specialized in this subject, which drove the researcher to study the mechanisms of producing the dramatic construction in this kind of film s. This research came in three chapt
... Show MoreThe research deals with the analysis of the city's commercial center using geographic information systems to solve the problem of congestion by evaluating the efficiency and adequacy of car parking lots according to local and Arab standards. Undoubtedly, the importance of car parking areas, as they are not within the desired efficiency within the city, will lead to congestion and traffic becomes very difficult. Thus, the transportation service loses its most important characteristic, which is the ease of movement. Therefore, there has become an urgent need to study and analyze it, as well as to verify the adequacy of the service, and the amount of deficit required to be provided to solve the tra
... Show MoreThe responsibility of the Central Bank through the implementation of its monetary policy to maintain the integrity and stability of the financial system and the economic system, because any shock, whether internal or external, may endanger the financial system and instability, so the research sheds light on the effectiveness of monetary policy in maintaining financial stability, The most important conclusion is that there is an increase in capital, which gives banks the possibility to face the risks to which they are exposed, as well as a rise in the total bad debts, which weakens its financial position, which constitutes a decline in the financial stability of these banks.
The responsibility of the Central Bank through the implementation of its monetary policy to maintain the integrity and stability of the financial system and the economic system, because any shock, whether internal or external, may endanger the financial system and instability, so the research sheds light on the effectiveness of monetary policy in maintaining financial stability, The most important conclusion is that there is an increase in capital, which gives banks the possibility to face the risks to which they are exposed, as well as a rise in the total bad debts, which weakens its financial position, which constitutes a decline in the financial stability of these banks.
The extract of fig fruit has shown significant medical usefulness in various fields. The entrance of nanotechnology into the field of medicinal and pharmacology has shown remarkable advantages. Plants contain diverse molecules thatcan reduce metals, and provide a safe, eco-friendly approach for synthesizing nanoparticles. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have been reported to possess an antimicrobial effect against some strains of bacteria and moulds. We have aimed to synthesize IONPs from fig fruit extract and investigate the influence of fig extract and IONPs in wound healing of mice. UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and field emission scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the IONPs that were produced
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