Objective: The objective of the present study was to design and optimize oral fast dissolving film (OFDF) of practically insoluble drug lafutidine in order to enhance bioavailability and patient compliance especially for a geriatric and unconscious patient who are suffering from difficulty in swallowing.Methods: The films were prepared by a solvent casting method using low-grade hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC E5), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) as film forming polymers. Polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), propylene glycol (PG) and glycerin were used as a plasticizer to enhance the film forming properties of the polymer. Tween 80 (1% solution) and poloxamer407 were used as a surfactant, citric acid as a saliva stimulating agent, and croscarmellose as a super disintegrant. Films were then tested for both physical (weight variation, thickness, surface pH, drug content) and mechanical (folding endurance, tensile strength, percent elongation, Young's modulus) characteristics. In vitro disintegration, time and drug release profile were also determined for each formula.Results: Films were found to be satisfactory when evaluated for both physical and mechanical characterizations. The surface pH of all the films was found to be within the range of salivary pH 6.8. The USP dissolution apparatus type II (paddle type) was used for in vitro drug release studies. The optimized formulation F13 gave 100 % of drug released at 2 min. It also showed satisfactory surface pH (6.2±0.2), drug content (100.1±0.01%), the disintegration time of (7.0±0.5) seconds and the time needed for 80% of medication to be released (T80%) was 0.96 min.Conclusion: Lafutidine OFDF was formulated using HPMC E5 as film-forming a polymer with PEG400 as a plasticizer. Combination of tween80 (1% solution) and poloxamer407 as a surfactant were used in the presence of croscarmellose as a super disintegrant. The chosen OFDF disintegrates within seven seconds, releases the drug rapidly and gives an action.
Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is the sixth most common cancer world wide. Despite greater emphasis on multi-modality therapy including surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, advanced stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma continues to have poor 5-year survival rates (0-40%) that have not significantly improved in the last (30) years. To improve outcomes for this deadly disease , It is required a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tumor growth, metastasis, and treatment resistance. This study evaluates the Immunohistochemical expression of E-cadherin and CD44 adhesion molecules in OSCC and to correlate the expression of either marker with each other, with lymph node
... Show MoreThe negative impact of oral diseases on the function, economy, and general health of the population is well‐documented. In the last decades, evidence linking increased expression of depression and oral diseases/conditions has significantly increased. The aim of this study is to assess the association between oral disease/conditions and self‐reported symptoms of depression individuals.
A specially designed questionnaire was distributed via social media for 1 week. It consisted of two main sections; the first section was dedicated to collect demographic variables and self‐reported symptoms
Background: Leukemia is a broad term given to a group of malignant diseases characterized by diffuse replacement of bone marrow with proliferating leukocyte precursors. Chemotherapy has been increasingly used to treat malignant conditions. The systemic sequelae as a result of these immunosuppressive techniques induce many oral and dental complications. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of chemotherapy on oral health status and activity of salivary alkaline phosphates enzyme in patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia. Materials and methods: The study groups included 28 patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia; they were under chemotherapy, aged 20-25 year old. The control group includes healthy subjects matching with study
... Show MoreCommunication has seen a big advancement through ages; concepts, procedures and technologies, it has also seen a similar advancement of language. What unites language and media is the fact that each one of them guides and contributes to the other; media exists and results from language and from the other sign systems, and what strengthens this connection is the symbolic language system, as media helps it by providing knowledge and information. The change that occurred through time must leave a significant trace in the media, for example Diction, which has changed concerning development and growth, also the ways and mediums of media have become manifold and widespread. This change affected the recipient whether it was a reader, listener o
... Show MoreWater quality sensors have recently received a lot of attention due to their impact on human health. Due to their distinct features, environmental sensors are based on carbon quantum dots (CQDs). In this study, CQDs were prepared using the electro-chemical method, where the structural and optical properties were studied. These quantum dots were used in the environmental sensor application after mixing them with three different materials: CQDs, Alq3 polymer and CQDs and Alq3 solutions using two different methods: drop casting and spin coating, and depositing them on silicon. The sensitivity of the water pollutants was studied for each case of the prepared samples after measuring the change in resistance of the samples at a temperature of
... Show MoreVisualization of water flow around different bluff bodies at different Reynolds number ranging (1505 - 2492) was realized by designing and building a test rig which contains an open channel capable to ensure water velocity range (4-8cm/s) in this channel. Hydrogen bubbles generated from the ionized water using DC power supply are visualized by a light source and photographed by a digital camera. Flow pattern around a circular disk of (3.6cm) diameter and (3mm) thickness, a sphere of (3.8cm) diameter and a cylinder of
(3.2cm) diameter and (10cm) length are studied qualitatively. Parameters of the vortex ring generated in the wake region of the disk and the separation angle of water stream lines from the surface of the sphere are plott
The ability to produce load-bearing masonry units adopting ACI 211.1 mix design using (1:3.2:2.5) as (cement: fine aggregate: coarse aggregate) with slump range (25-50mm) which can conform (dimension, absorption, and compressive strength) within IQS 1077/1987 requirements type A was our main goal of the study. The ability to use low cement content (300 kg/m3) to handle our market price products since the most consumption in wall construction for low-cost buildings was encouraging. The use of (10 and 20%) of LECA as partial volume replacement of coarse aggregate to reduce the huge weight of masonry blocks can also be recommended. The types of production of the load-bearing masonry units were A and B for (
... Show MoreThis study includes analytical methods for the determination of the drug amoxicillin trihydrate (Amox.) in some pharmaceutical preparations using Cobalt ion (Co(II)) as complexing metal. The best conditions for complexation were: the reaction time was 20 minutes, pH=1.5 and the best temperature of reaction was 70 ËšC. Benzyl alcohol was the best solvent for extraction the complex.
Keywords: Amoxicillin, Cobalt(II), Complex, Molar ratio.
A simple, accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determinaion of epinephrine is described . The method is based on the coordination of Pr (III) with epinephrine at pH 6. Absorbance of the resulting orange yellow complex is measured at 482 nm . A graph of absorbance versus concentrations shows that beer 's low is obeyed over the concentration range (1-50)mg.ml-1 of epinephrine with molar absorpitivity of ( 2.180x103 L.mol-1.cm-1 ), a sandell sensitivity of (0.084 mg.cm-2 ), a relative error of (-2.83%) , a corrolation coffecient (r= 0.9989) and recovery % ( 97.03 ± 0.75 ) depending on the concentration.This method is applied to analyse EP in several commercially available pharmaceutical preparations
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