Objective: The objective of the present study was to design and optimize oral fast dissolving film (OFDF) of practically insoluble drug lafutidine in order to enhance bioavailability and patient compliance especially for a geriatric and unconscious patient who are suffering from difficulty in swallowing.Methods: The films were prepared by a solvent casting method using low-grade hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC E5), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) as film forming polymers. Polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), propylene glycol (PG) and glycerin were used as a plasticizer to enhance the film forming properties of the polymer. Tween 80 (1% solution) and poloxamer407 were used as a surfactant, citric acid as a saliva stimulating agent, and croscarmellose as a super disintegrant. Films were then tested for both physical (weight variation, thickness, surface pH, drug content) and mechanical (folding endurance, tensile strength, percent elongation, Young's modulus) characteristics. In vitro disintegration, time and drug release profile were also determined for each formula.Results: Films were found to be satisfactory when evaluated for both physical and mechanical characterizations. The surface pH of all the films was found to be within the range of salivary pH 6.8. The USP dissolution apparatus type II (paddle type) was used for in vitro drug release studies. The optimized formulation F13 gave 100 % of drug released at 2 min. It also showed satisfactory surface pH (6.2±0.2), drug content (100.1±0.01%), the disintegration time of (7.0±0.5) seconds and the time needed for 80% of medication to be released (T80%) was 0.96 min.Conclusion: Lafutidine OFDF was formulated using HPMC E5 as film-forming a polymer with PEG400 as a plasticizer. Combination of tween80 (1% solution) and poloxamer407 as a surfactant were used in the presence of croscarmellose as a super disintegrant. The chosen OFDF disintegrates within seven seconds, releases the drug rapidly and gives an action.
The biosorption of lead (II) and chromium (III) onto dead anaerobic biomass (DAB) in single and binary systems has been studied using fixed bed adsorber. A general rate multi- component model (GRM) has been utilized to predict the fixed bed breakthrough curves for single and dual- component system. This model considers both external and internal mass transfer resistances as well as axial dispersion with non-liner multi-component isotherm (Langmuir model). The effects of important parameters, such as flow rate, initial concentration and bed height on the behavior of breakthrough curves have been studied. The equilibrium isotherm model parameters such as maximum uptake capacities for lead (II) and chromium (III) were found to be 35.12 and
... Show MoreThis study deals with a prominent critical term - poetics - in critical studies as an area related to uncovering the laws of creative and aesthetic discourses (Preaching)، and the various functions that accompany it in literary texts. So، the study employs the pioneers' works of this theory specially the eastern theorists in making a parallel comparing study of the text book of " the Magic and Poetry” by Al-Lisan Al-Din bin Al-Khatib (776 AH). It displays the utility of the concept of poetics in the referred book pointing to the illumination of various functions that، in turn، reflected the
The present expermint was designed to determine the effect of Sodium Selenite (0.5 mg/kg) and Vitamin A (10 mg/kg) in FSH and LH level in Albino Male Mice treated with Hexavalent Chromium (1000 ppm). `This study included 48 mice divided into six groups (1st group treated with distilled water and the 2nd group treated with Sesame Oil were considered as control group, 3th group exposed to Hexavalent chromium , 4th group treated with Sodium Selenite and exposed to Hexavalent Chromium , 5th group treated with Vitamin A and exposed to Hexavalent Chromium and 6th group treated with Sodium Selenite and Vitamin A and exposed to Hexavalent Chromium ) . The treatment lasted for 35 days. The results showed a significant (P ? 0.05) decrease in FSH an
... Show MoreThis research aims to identify and measure the role of TQM in the process of developing the financial performance of Diyala State Company and show the reality and obstacles, after applying the company's management to the requirements of ISO 9001: 2008 and compare it with its performance before applying this standard, The researcher measured the financial performance by conducting financial analysis of the financial statements and conducting a number of interviews at the company's headquarters, Diyala State Company (one of the Iraqi Ministry of Industry and Minerals formations) was sele
... Show MoreBackground: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive airflow limitation that is preventable but not curable. It is associated with persistent symptoms that cause a considerable burden on individual productivity at work, and daily activities, and reduced quality of life, also burdening the healthcare system and society. Objectives: The study aims to measure the burden of COPD on patients in terms of daily activities and work productivity. It also seeks to investigate some inflammatory biomarkers' levels and their correlation with selected outcomes. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study on 120 stable COPD patients who were diagnosed and treated according to the GOLD guidelines at Kirkuk General Hospital's
... Show MoreThe people lived under Mamluk rule, distress, poverty, famines, oppression of princes, rulers, And their domination and he always wished for a just ruler to relieve his misery, and remove the injustice
from him, so they found in Al-Nasser Mohammed tend to establish justice.
When Al-Nasser ascended the throne of the Sultanate, there was a rise or fall in prices, so he pursued Prices will end and punish those
who come out for it. And you talk about this search for a relationship
Sultan Al-Nasser with the poor classes in society and his keenness to pursue their affairs was compassionate On them, mer
... Show MoreThe collected premiums and the compensations paid are among the main variables that have a prominent role in determining the level of financial solvency of insurance companies, as the higher the financial solvency of the insurance company, the more attractive it is to the target audience to acquire the company's insurance services.
Hence the importance of the issue of the solvency of insurance companies, as it is one of the critical matters on which the effectiveness of the insurance company and its continuation in the labor market depend.
In this research, we try to clarify the role of collected premiums and compensations paid in determining the level of operational solvency of t
... Show MoreThe reactions of ozone with 2,3-Dimethyl-2-Butene (CH3)2C=C(CH3)2 and 1,3-Butadiene CH2=CHCH=CH2 have been investigated under atmospheric conditions at 298±3K in air using both relative and absolute rate techniques, and the measured rate coefficients are found to be in good agreement in both techniques used. The obtained results show the addition of ozone to the double bond in these compounds and how it acts as function of the methyl group substituent situated on the double bond. The yields of all the main products have been determined using FTIR and GC-FID and the product studies of these reactions establish a very good idea for the decomposition pathways for the primary formed compounds (ozonides) and give a good information for the effe
... Show MoreCeramic coating compose from a ceramic mixture (MgO, Al2O3) and metall (Al-Ni) were produced by Thermal Spray Technique. The mixed ratio of used materials Al:Ni (50%) and 40% of Al2O3 and 10% MgO. This mixture was spray on a stainless steel substrate of type (316 L) by using thermal spray with flame method and at spraying distances (8, 12, 16 and 20) cm, then the prepared films were treated by laser and thermal treatment. After that performing a hardness and adhesion tests were eximined. The present study shows that the best value of the thermal treatment is 1000 ℃ for 30 mint; the optimum spray distance is 12 cm and most suitable laser is 500 mJ where the microscopic and mechanical character
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