The nature of the dark sector of the Universe remains one of the outstanding problems in modern cosmology, with the search for new observational probes guiding the development of the next generation of observational facilities. Clues come from tension between the predictions from Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) and observations of gravitationally lensed galaxies. Previous studies showed that galaxy clusters in the ΛCDM are not strong enough to reproduce the observed number of lensed arcs. This work aims to constrain the warm dark matter (WDM) cosmologies by means of the lensing efficiency of galaxy clusters drawn from these alternative models. The lensing characteristics of two samples of simulated clusters in the Λ warm dark matter and ΛCDM cosmologies have been studied. The results show that even though the cold dark matter (CDM) clusters are more centrally concentrated and contain more substructures, the WDM clusters have slightly higher lensing efficiency than their CDM counterparts. The key difference is that WDM clusters have more extended and more massive subhaloes than CDM analogues. These massive substructures significantly stretch the critical lines and caustics and hence they boost the lensing efficiency of the host halo. Despite the increase in the lensing efficiency due to the contribution of massive substructures in the WDM clusters, this is not enough to resolve the arc statistics problem.
In this study, light elements for 13C , 16O for (α,n) and (n,α) reactions as well as α-particle energy from 2.7 MeV to 3.08 MeV are used as far as the data of reaction cross sections are available. The more recent cross sections data of (α,n) and (n,α) reactions are reproduced in fine steps 0.02 MeV for 16O (n,α) 13C in the specified energy range, as well as cross section (α,n) values were derived from the published data of (n,α) as a function of α-energy in the same fine energy steps by using the principle inverse reactions. This calculation involves only the ground state of 13C , 16O in the reactions 13C (α,n) 16O and 16O (n,α) 13C.
A (k,n)-arc A in a finite projective plane PG(2,q) over Galois field GF(q), q=p⿠for same prime number p and some integer n≥2, is a set of k points, no n+1 of which are collinear. A (k,n)-arc is complete if it is not contained in a(k+1,n)-arc. In this paper, the maximum complete (k,n)-arcs, n=2,3 in PG(2,4) can be constructed from the equation of the conic.
The aim of this paper is to introduce the definition of projective 3-space over Galois field GF(q), q = pm, for some prime number p and some integer m.
Also the definitions of (k,n)-arcs, complete arcs, n-secants, the index of the point and the projectively equivalent arcs are given.
Moreover some theorems about these notations are proved.
In this study, light elements Li ,10B for (a,n) and (n,a) reactions
as well as o-particle energy from threshold energy to 10 MeV are
used according to the available data of reaction cross sections. The
more recent cross sections data of (a,n) and (n,a) reactions are
reproduced in fine steps 42 Kev for 10B(n,o) Li in the specified
energy range, as well as cross section (o,n) Values were derived from
the published data of (n,a) as a function of a-energy in the same fine
energy steps by using the principle inverse reactions. This calculation
involves only the ground state of Li OB in the reactions 'Li(a,n) B
B (n,a) Li
Introduction
When two charged nuclei overcome their Coulomb repulsion, a
rearrangement
Thermonuclear reaction rates are calculated for three oxygen isotopes 14,15,16O in CNO cycles reactions occurring in red giant stars. These reactions are:, , , , and . Reaction rates have been calculated using Matlab codes, and related comparisons were made with NACRE II and Reaclib libraries, and the ratios of production to the destruction of 15,16O isotopes were found. Present reaction rate results were close to most of the selected reactions, and in some cases larger with a factor of 1-3. 15,16O production to destruction ratios indicated a special tendency to saturate at temperatures higher than ~ 2 GK, and these ratios were in general larger than 1 indicating an excess of producing such isotopes in re
... Show MoreBackground: Peripheral giant cell lesion (PGCL) and central giant cell lesion (CGCL) of the jaws have a distinct clinical behavior.Giant cell tumour (GCT) is a benign locally aggressive neoplasm affects the long bones. Both lesions are characterized histologically by multinucleated giant cells in a background of ovoid to spindle-shaped mesenchymal cells. The WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) gene is located at 16q23.1–16q23.2, a region that spans the second most common human fragile site, FRA16D, at 16q23.2.The Ki-67 antigen is a nuclear protein that is associated with and may be necessary for cellular proliferation.Ki-67 protein is present during all active phases of the cell cycle (G1, S, G2, and mitosis), but is absent fr
... Show MoreGiant Cell Fibroma (GCF) is a relatively rare oral mucosal lesion, so named due to the characteristic giant cells present within the fibrous stroma of the lesion, limited number of clinicopathological studies were performed in previously published literature. This study was performed to evaluate the clinicopathological features of Giant cell fibroma in a sample of Iraqi patients. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections from 22 giant cell fibroma in period between 2010 and 2018 were retrieved from the laboratory of oral pathology of Baghdad University/College of Dentistry, Clinical data and microscopic features were reviewed and analyzed according to the available surgical reports. The mean age of patients at the time of diagnosis was 29.6
... Show MoreIn this study, light elements 19F ,22Na for (α,n) and (n,α) reactions as well as α-particle energy from a threshold energy to 10 MeV are used according to the available data of reaction cross sections. The more recent cross sections data of (α,n) and (n,α) reactions are reproduced in fine steps 86.4 KeV for 22Na (n,α) 19F in the specified energy range, as well as cross section (α,n) values were derived from the published data of (n,α) as a function of αenergy in the same fine energy steps by using the principle inverse reactions. This calculation involves only the ground state of 19F ,22Na in the reactions 19F (α,n) 22Na , 2
... Show MoreThis research aims to give a splitting structure of the projective line over the finite field of order twenty-seven that can be found depending on the factors of the line order. Also, the line was partitioned by orbits using the companion matrix. Finally, we showed the number of projectively inequivalent -arcs on the conic through the standard frame of the plane PG(1,27)