The nature of the dark sector of the Universe remains one of the outstanding problems in modern cosmology, with the search for new observational probes guiding the development of the next generation of observational facilities. Clues come from tension between the predictions from Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) and observations of gravitationally lensed galaxies. Previous studies showed that galaxy clusters in the ΛCDM are not strong enough to reproduce the observed number of lensed arcs. This work aims to constrain the warm dark matter (WDM) cosmologies by means of the lensing efficiency of galaxy clusters drawn from these alternative models. The lensing characteristics of two samples of simulated clusters in the Λ warm dark matter and ΛCDM cosmologies have been studied. The results show that even though the cold dark matter (CDM) clusters are more centrally concentrated and contain more substructures, the WDM clusters have slightly higher lensing efficiency than their CDM counterparts. The key difference is that WDM clusters have more extended and more massive subhaloes than CDM analogues. These massive substructures significantly stretch the critical lines and caustics and hence they boost the lensing efficiency of the host halo. Despite the increase in the lensing efficiency due to the contribution of massive substructures in the WDM clusters, this is not enough to resolve the arc statistics problem.
Background: Diagnosis and treatment planning can be difficult with conventional radiographic methods as the orthodontic-surgical management of impacted canines requires accurate diagnosis and precise localization of the impacted canine and the surrounding structures. This study was aimed to localize and evaluate weather there is any differences in the diagnostic information provided by multi-slice computed tomography three dimensional volumetric CT images and two dimensional reconstructed panorama images (derived from CT) in subjects with impacted maxillary canines. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients including 24 female and 6 male with mean age of 18 years with suspected unilaterally or bilaterally impacted maxillary canines were evalu
... Show MoreIn recent years, the attention of researchers, governments and international non-governmental organizations has focused on the aggressive practices adopted by companies with the aim of evading the tax burden or from paying the tax obligations imposed on them by law, as the results of these practices are negatively affected by tax revenues. And that companies are part of the society in which they work, and they have rights and obligations, including paying taxes. The research community is the Iraqi private shareholding companies, and the research sample was 4 companies within the private sector and in the field and finance - banking, insurance, industrial and service, which are Ashur Bank, Al-Ahlia Insurance Company, Baghdad Soft
... Show MoreThe percentage of fatty acids, quantity of tocopherols, tocotrienols, carotens and physiochemical characteristics of crude red palm oil have been evaluated, in addition to specific chemical detection of active compounds unsaponifiable matters. Results of Gas Liquid Chromatography showed:- The major fatty acids in red palm oil is palmitic (44.36%) then oleic (39.65%), linolenic (10.55%), stearic (3.56%), myristic (1.22%), arachdonic (0.24%) and palmotic (0.19%). Red palm oil contains ? – ?- ?- ? – Tocopherols with concentration 258 , 121 , 259, 109 m/kg oil , ? – ?- ?- ? – Tocotrienol with concentration 462.77 , 571.03, 619.18, 509.07 m/kg oil respectively. Total tocopherols & tocotrienols 2909.05 m/kg oil and
... Show MoreThe genetic toxicity of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of seeds of Peganum harmala L. was evaluated on the onion roots ,using concentrations 10,25,50,100 and 200 % w/v of extracts and periods of exposure 24,48 and 74 hours. The results indicated that the Peganum harmala significantly decreased root growth rate of onion root at all concentrations and treatment periods in comparison to the control , the growth of the root decreased when increasing the extract concentration.The EC50value of aqueous extracts was 50% and for alcohol extract was 25% ,thus the alcohol extract was most effective in the growth rate of the roots from the aqueous extract. The results also indicated that the mitotic index of Allium cepa was signifi
... Show MoreThis study aimed to determine histological and functional effects of Galangin (Gal) conjugated with Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on the Kidneys male albino mice treated with CCL4. Gold nanoparticles were prepared chemically by Turkevich Method. Characterizing of the prepared AuNPs and AuNPs+Gal was carried out using UV Spectrophotometry, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and particle size,. For the in vivo study, 42 adult male albino mice were used and randomly distributed into seven groups and experiment extended for 14 days, first group (G1) was control group without any treatment, (G2) group injected intra-peritoneal (i.p) with CCl4 once a week to the end of experiments, (G3) injected with AuNPs, (G4 and
... Show MoreThe Schiff bases (1-10) were synthesized by the reaction of cefixime with aldehydes derivatives. The characterization of Schiff bases were carried out, by using spectroscopic techniques including IR, U.V – Vis, H1-NMR, EI-MS along with elemental analyses (C.H.N.).
The study included 200 samples were collected from children under two years included (50 samples from each of Cerebrospinal fluid, Blood, Stool and Urine) from, Central Children Hospital and Children's Protections Educational Hospital. Isolates bacterial were obtained cultural, microscopic and biochemical examination and diagnosed to the species by using vitek2 system. The results showed there were contamination in 6.5% of clinical samples. The diagnosed colonies which gave pink color on the MacConkey agar , golden yellow color on the Trypton Soy agar and green color on the Birillent Enterobacter sakazakii agar and gave a probability of 99% in the vit
... Show MoreNew series of imidazole[1,2-a]pyridine-sulfonamides was designed and synthesized from 2-aminopyridine, which was reacted with p-bromo phenacyl bromide in the present of MgO to produce the corresponding imidazole[1,2-a]pyridine, which was then reacted with chlorosulfonic acid to produce 2-(4-bromophenyl)imidazole[1,2-a]pyridine-3-sulfonyl chloride [2]. Following that, treatment of (2) with different amines using the grand method to generate imidazole [1,2-a] pyridine sulfonamides. All the synthesized compounds have been characterized by FTIR, 1HNMR and 13CNMR and C.H.N analysis. The DFT, POM analysis and molecular docking were carried out on for all final compounds to investigate drug like attributes, and the results revealed showed that the
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