Data steganography is a technique used to hide data, secret message, within another data, cover carrier. It is considered as a part of information security. Audio steganography is a type of data steganography, where the secret message is hidden in audio carrier. This paper proposes an efficient audio steganography method that uses LSB technique. The proposed method enhances steganography performance by exploiting all carrier samples and balancing between hiding capacity and distortion ratio. It suggests an adaptive number of hiding bits for each audio sample depending on the secret message size, the cover carrier size, and the signal to noise ratio (SNR). Comparison results show that the proposed method outperforms state of the art methods

Low-dimensional materials have attracted significant attention in developing and enhancing the performance of quantum well lasers due to their extraordinary unique properties. The optical confinement factor is one of the most effective parameters for evaluating the optimal performance of a semiconductor laser diode when used to measure the optical gain and current threshold. The optical confinement factor and the radiative recombination of single quantum wells (SQW) and multi-quantum wells (MQW) for InGaAsP/InP have been theoretically studied using both radiative and Auger coefficients. Quantum well width, barrier width, and number of quantum wells were all looked at to see how these things changed the optical confinement factor and

THE Schiff base reaction played an important role of the condensation reaction between 2-aminophenol and Glyoxylic acid in the presence of calculated amounts of KOH as a catalyst. The reaction has been carried out in ethanol under reflux and stirring condition for 3.5 hrs. All syntheses were carried out under hydrogen gas forming a new potassium (E)-1-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxyphenylimino)ethanolate ligand type [NO2]. The ligand of the general formula K2[Mn(L2)] type and its Mnп complex K2[Mn(N2O4)] type, has been characterized by spectroscopic methods (F.T-I.R. and U.V-Vis.), elemental analysis (C.H.N) metal content, magnetic susceptibility measurement, Thin-layer chromatography (T.L.C), X-RD powder diffraction, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR molar conductanc

Various of 2,5- disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole (Schiff base, ?- lactam and azo) were synthesized from 2,5-di (4,4?-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazole which usequently synth-esized from mixture of 4- amino benzoic acid and hydrazine arch of polyphosphorus acid. The synthesized compounds were cherecterized by using some spectral data (UV, FT-IR , and 1H-NMR)

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a relatively new class of materials of unique porous structures and exceptional properties. Currently, more than 110,000 types of MOFs have been reported among the countless possibilities. In this study, we have synthesised a novel MOF using zirconium chloride as the metal source and 4,4'-dicarboxy-2,2'-biquinoline (bicinchoninic acid disodium salt) as the linker, which reacted in N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent. Three preparation methods were employed to prepare five types of the MOF, and they were compared to optimize the synthesis conditions. The resulting MOFs, named Zr-BADS, were characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), microscopy, and

The drug promethazine hydrochloride (PRZH) forms with rhodium (II) a colored chelate (?max = 472 nm) complex at (pH = 2.1) which is extractable with benzyl alcohol as organic solvent. Under the appropriate experimental conditions a calibration plot was set up from which some analytical parameter were derived and deduced by regression. Standard addition procedure was also adopted. It has been estimated that the concentration of the drug PRZH to be 24.89 mg per unit and 24.19 mg per unit for both calibrations. Under optimal conditions, the developed method has been achieved the following characteristics: LDR (30 – 150 µg ml-1 ) PRZH , RSD % ( 0.6 – 2.47 ) , sandell sensitivity( 0.0844 µg. cm -2 ) , LOD ( 1.66 µgml-1 ) , recovery

The aim of this work is the synthesis of new Schiff base derived from PVA and Erythro-ascorbic acid derivative (pentulosono-ɣ-lactone-2,3-enedianisoate) and its metal complexes of biological significance. All synthesized compounds were characterized by Thin layer chromatography (TLC) and FTIR spectra and aldehyde was also characterized by (U.V-Vis), 1HNMR, 13CNMR and mass spectra. The synthesized Schiff base & its metal complexes were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against five pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Shigella dysentery,Klebsiellapneumonae,Staphylococcusaureus, Staphylococcus Albus) and two fungal (Aspergillus Niger,Yeast).The biological activity ofall complexes is higher than free Schiff base ligand andf

الخلفية: التهاب المفاصل الرَثَيَانِي أو الداء الرثياني أو الالتهاب المفصلي الروماتويدي هو مرض مزمن، من الأمراض الانضدادية التي تؤدي بالجهاز المناعي لمهاجمة المفاصل، مسببة التهابات وتدميرًا لها. ومن الممكن أيضًا أن يدمر جهاز المناعة أعضاء أخرى في الجسم مثل الرئتين والجلد. وفي بعض الحالات، يسبب المرض الإعاقة، مؤدية إلى فقدان القدرة على الحركة والإنتاجية. ويتم تشخيص المرض بواسطة تحاليل دم مخبرية مثل تحلي