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Fractional Brownian motion inference of multivariate stochastic differential equations
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Recently, the financial mathematics has been emerged to interpret and predict the underlying mechanism that generates an incident of concern. A system of differential equations can reveal a dynamical development of financial mechanism across time. Multivariate wiener process represents the stochastic term in a system of stochastic differential equations (SDE). The standard wiener process follows a Markov chain, and hence it is a martingale (kind of Markov chain), which is a good integrator. Though, the fractional Wiener process does not follow a Markov chain, hence it is not a good integrator. This problem will produce an Arbitrage (non-equilibrium in the market) in the predicted series. It is undesired property that leads to erroneous conclusion, as it is not possible to build a mathematical model, which represents the financial phenomenon. If there is Arbitrage (unbalance) in the market, this can be solved by Wick-Ito-Skorohod stochastic integral (renormalized integral). This paper considers the estimation of a system of fractional stochastic differential equations (FSDE) using maximum likelihood method, although it is time consuming. However, it provides estimates with desirable characteristic with the most important consistency. Langevin method can be used to find the mathematical form of the functions of stochastic differential equations. This includes drift and diffusion by estimating conditional mean and variance from the data and finding the suitable function achieves the least error, and then estimating the parameters of the model by numerical optimal solution search method. Data used in this paper consist of three banking sector stock prices including Baghdad Bank (BBOB), the Commercial Bank (BCOI), and the National Bank (BNOI). © 2020 International University of Sarajevo.

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 01 2021
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Disadvantages of using Nano-particles as fertilizers in Iraq
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Abstract<p>The agriculture around the world faced many difficulties and the important was to reduce inputs of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and increase the total yield specially with the continuous grow of populations numbers at the world expected to reach more than 9 billion by 2050. In other hand there are other problems which make the challenges bigger such as wars, biotic and abiotic stress, and diseases. The scientists tried to find solutions by using Nano-fertilization which consider a modern way to quickly grow up the yield and decrease use the chemicals. The use of nanotechnology may be destructive on human and the environment due to fast accumulation in the tissues of alive bodie</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Mon Jan 07 2013
Journal Name
Nanoscience And Nanotechnology
Low Frequency Dielectric Study of PAPA-PVA-GR Nanocomposites
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The philosophy of Total Quality Management for the environment
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The Environmental Management System (EMS) is an important foundation for effective control of the organization's outstanding environmental performance. It applies standards for substantive review and provides a structure and a way to apply it in all aspects of th
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Publication Date
Wed Jul 30 2025
Journal Name
Industrial Laboratory. Diagnostics Of Materials
Simultaneous determination of metronidazole and thiamine using UV-spectroscopy
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The development of analytical techniques is required for the accurate and comprehensive detection and measurement of antibiotic contamination in the environment. Metronidazole is a common antibacterial, antiprotozoal, and antibiotic drug. Thiamine is a vital biological and medicinal ingredient that is involved in the metabolism of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates that produce energy. The study aims to identify the drugs in a mixture without separation to provide more information to confirm if a drug is present in a combination. Metronidazole and thiamine are two examples of pharmaceutical and environmental samples that can be identified using spectrophotometric techniques because of their low cost and simplicity of use. The operati

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
Evaluation of Nuclear safety procedures in some Iraqi universities
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Publication Date
Mon Nov 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
Synthesis of Composite from Bacterial Cellulose and Gold Nanoparticles
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Abstract<p>A process of bacterial cellulose gold nanocomposite has been investigated based on experimental work and cited literature. A literature review on the production process is carried out in this study. Bacterial cellulose is a high crystalline fabric material generally used in biomedical applications. A Nanocomposite was made by synthesis from gold and bacterial cellulose. The experimental work includes growing, and isolating bacterial cellulose, preparation of gold Nanoparticles and preparation of Nano composite. Nanoparticle’s formation and adsorption on the cellulose tissue have been observed visually, where a colour change was observed. The predicted particle size for the gold nano</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sat Aug 09 2025
Journal Name
Gsc Biological And Pharmaceutical Sciences
Review of epidemiological Leishmania Ron. Ross, 1903 in Iraq
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Abstract Leishmania species are intracellular protozoan parasites that spend a portion of their life cycle in the midgut of sand flies and the remainder in the tissues of mammals. These parasites, which cause a class of human disorders known as leishmaniasis, live mostly in macrophages, where they multiply and survive by employing a variety of defense mechanisms against the oxidative stress and acidity generated by these immune cells. To help control their reaction to heat stress, they also produce heat shock proteins. Furthermore, the promastigote form has a glycocalyx that is necessary for colonizing the gut wall of the sand fly and completing its life cycle. Consequently, a variety of virulence factors contribute to the parasite's pathog

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 03 2023
Journal Name
Lecture Notes In Electrical Engineering
A Survey Study and Comparison of Drones Communication Systems
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Publication Date
Sat Dec 24 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Nitrogen-Containing Anthraquinone Derivatives
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New substituted anthraquinones with amino derivations fragments were synthesized through the substitution of bromine atom by different amines using the Ullmann coupling reaction. Obtained compounds based on anthraquinone used for experimental antimicrobial studies. The structure of the synthesized compounds was confirmed by LC-MS and 1H, 13C NMR spectroscopy. Studies on planktonic microorganisms have shown that the first synthesized anthraquinone derivatives have an inhibitory effect against bacteria and fungi. The triazene 1-(3-(benzoic acid(triaz-1-en-1-ol(-4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl(-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene -2-sulfonic acid, have wide spectrum of activity, growth retardation zones against gram-positive micro

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Publication Date
Fri Apr 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Improvement of Diesel Fuel Engine Performance by Nanoparticles Additives
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This study was done to investigate the impact of different nanoparticles on diesel fuel characteristics, Iraqi diesel fuel was supplied from al-Dura refinery and was treated to enhance performance by improving its characteristics. Two types of nanoparticles were mixed with Iraqi diesel fuel at various weight fractions of 30, 60, 90, and 120 ppm. The diesel engine was tested and run at a constant speed of 1600 rpm to examine and evaluate the engine's performance and determine emissions. In general, ZnO additives' performance analysis showed they are more efficient for diesel fuel engines than CeO. The performance of engine diesel fuel tests showed that the weight fraction of nanoparticles at 90 and 120 ppm give a similar

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