Insulin-induced hyperglycemia is the hallmark of diabetes mellitus (DM), including various metabolic disorders. Diabetic people are more likely to develop dyslipidemia, hypertension, and obesity. Type 2 diabetes (T2DM), the most common illness, is generally asymptomatic in its early stages and can go misdiagnosed for years. Diabetes screening may be beneficial in some cases since early identification and treatment can lessen the burden of diabetes and its consequences. This study aimed to find the relationship between Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profile components in T2DM patients. This descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study was performed on the control group and T2DM patients in Medical City in Baghdad between March and June 2021. A total of 90 patients with T2DM and 45 healthy control were included in this study. In the control group, healthy volunteer individuals participated. For all subjects, HbA1c, fasting blood sugar/FBS, and lipid profile (Total Cholesterol/TC, Triglyceride/TG, High-density Lipoprotein/HDL, Low-density Lipoprotein/LDL, and Very Low-density Lipoprotein/VLDL) were assessed. Among T2DM patients 62.22% (n= 56) were male and 37.78% (n= 34) were female. Mean ± SD levels of HbA1c, TC, TG, LDL, VLDL, HDL, and FBS were 7.33±0.56 % (168.21±9.23, 146.10±9.64, 137.23±8.32, 41.05±5.86, 43.85±6.17, and 208.81±52.1) mg/dl respectively in the T2DM group. In the control group, the Mean ± SD results of the same parameters were 4.91±0.27%, (171.20±3.57, 116.60±8.25, 105.05±2.11, 41.83±4.92, 44.04±5.54, 96.20±7.8) mg/dl respectively. Results demonstrated statistically significant differences between T2DM patients and control groups in HbA1c (p equal to 0.0025), TG (p equal to 0.015), LDL (p=0.0029), and FBS (p=0.02). Pearson correlation analysis of HbA1c with other variables showed a significant positive correlation with serum TC, TG, LDL, and FBS (r=0.573, P<0.01; r=0.655, P <0.001; r=0.498, P<0.05; r=0.691, P<0.001; respectively). While the data showed a negative connection between HbA1c and HDL (r= - 0.562, P<0.01) The findings of this study reveal that diabetic people do not have a satisfactory HbA1c level. Furthermore, HbA1c shows a significant correlation with TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL, whereas it has a significant negative correlation with HDL. The study showed that HbA1c might be useful for predicting dyslipidemia in T2DM patients. Keywords: T2DM, Lipid profile, HbA1c.
This research aims to measure the productivity of nursing services and recognize the reality of providing such services in some public hospitals in the province of Diyala, as well as identify the most important factors affecting the productivity of nursing services, and developer measure adopted by the researcher (Kien, 2012), which includes seven factors (workforce , management team, stimulation, pressure of working hours (time), material / equipment, supervision, safety), Used the experimental method in the search, one of the private scientific research curriculum depends primarily on the scientific experiment and study of the subject, or a scientific phenomenon, which provides an opportunity to learn the facts
... Show MoreMunicipalities.
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to measure the impact of regulatory flexibility dimensions (formal and authoritarian procedures) to achieve response to the requirements of high performance dimensions (the effective recruitment, intensive training, motivate employees, participation of workers) in the general municipal Directorate as one of the directorates of the Ministry of Municipalities and Public Works. For the purpose of this measure it has been selected sample composed of 88 individuals from the research community represents the levels of assistant general manager of department heads and managers of people and some of the staff to answer the questionnaire prepared for the purpose Hama
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The study aims to build a training program based on the Connectivism Theory to develop e-learning competencies for Islamic education teachers in the Governorate of Dhofar, as well as to identify its effectiveness. The study sample consisted of (30) Islamic education teachers to implement the training program, they were randomly selected. The study used the descriptive approach to determine the electronic competencies and build the training program, and the quasi-experimental approach to determine the effectiveness of the program. The study tools were the cognitive achievement test and the observation card, which were applied before and after. The study found that the effectiveness of the training program
... Show MoreThis work aimed to estimate the frequency of mitochondrial inborn errors of metabolism (MIEMs) in patients presenting with family history and IEM-picture who referred for advance IEM assay in Mosul province and Kurdistan region. This study was observational study conducted on 364 cases referred from different general /or private pediatric clinics with unexplained sign and symptoms and suspension of mitochondrial dysfunction. The study included 364 children with an age ranging from 1 month to 1 year. Started from January 2018 to January 2020. All patients referred with their full history review, notes about their clinical examination, and laboratory investigations including blood ammonia, serum lactate/ pyruvate, arterial blood gases. In
... Show MoreHarriet Jacobs was a writer and a reformer. As a female writer in the nineteenth century, Jacobs wrote her narrative as a means of resisting the system of slavery. She wrote her book Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl: Written by Herself, (1842) to reflect upon the exploitation of the black people and the need to change the hierarchal attitude that governs white/black relations. She was engaged in many abolitionist events and her anti-slavery approach appeared clearly in her writings. She shares Du Bios ideas about freedom and emancipation and the need for a political and cultural change. Thus, Du Bois’s theory provides a framework for her autobiographical novel where she portrays Linda Brent, the main character, a strong wille
... Show MoreMost of the world is seeking attention to the agricultural sector, which occupies a distinguished economic center, including Iraq, it is no wonder that the focus is on this sector, especially in developing countries. Descriptive analysis of the sample tables of wheat and barley crops in Iraq showed that adherence to the principles and rules of total quality, including modern irrigation methods (irrigated) has a significant impact in increasing productivity, reducing costs and improving quality compared to traditional irrigation methods, so it became necessary to take agricultural economic units All procedures and means that will help in the application of the rules of total quality to promote the reality of wheat and barley cultivation in I
... Show MorePerformance of gas-solid spouted bed benefit from solids uniformity structure (UI).Therefore, the focus of this work is to maximize UI across the bed based on process variables. Hence, UI is to be considered as the objective of the optimization process .Three selected process variables are affecting the objective function. These decision variables are: gas velocity, particle density and particle diameter. Steady-state solids concentration measurements were carried out in a narrow 3-inch cylindrical spouted bed made of Plexiglas that used 60° conical shape base. Radial concentration of particles (glass and steel beads) at various bed heights and different flow patterns were measured using sophisticated optical probes. Stochastic Genetic
... Show MoreDrag has long been identified as the main reason for the loss of energy in fluid transmission like pipelines and other similar transportation channels. The main contributor to this drag is the viscosity as well as friction against the pipe walls, which will results in more pumping power consumption.
The aim in this study was first to understand the role of additives in the viscosity reduction and secondly to evaluate the drag reduction efficiency when blending with different solvents.
This research investigated flow increase (%FI) in heavy oil at different flow rates (2 to 10 m3/hr) in two pipes (0.0381 m & 0.0508 m) ID By using different additives (toluene and naphtha) with different concent
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