Traditional tree management is laborious and costly, thus this work aimed to study the performance of two different types of frond cutting saws (reciprocating saw and vibrating saw) and examine the two saws on five date palm varieties. Four parameters were examined, including cutting time for a single frond, the power needed for cutting a single frond, frond cutting productivity expressed as tree/h, and vibration conveyed to the worker’s hand. A field experiment was designed according to the nested randomized complete block design, including five date palm varieties as the main plot and the type of saw as a sub-plot. Means were compared using the least significant differences (LSD 0.05). Results indicated that Bream variety required the least time for frond cutting. The reciprocating saw exhibited efficiency in saving the time required for frond cutting, while the vibrating saw took significantly longer time needed for cutting a single frond. The highest number of fronds cut in one hour was recorded in Bream variety, again significantly higher than the number of other studied varieties. Moreover, the reciprocating saw achieved significantly higher productivity than the vibrating one, indicating that the productivity of the reciprocating saw is almost three times more than the vibrating saw. Maximum productivity was recorded in Bream variety, while the least was recorded in Tebarzal using the vibrating saw. Moreover, results indicate that the variety and the type of saw have a vital role in productivity since as the thickness of a frond increases, the cutting takes more time and ultimately reduces the number of date palms to be pruned per hour. Results also exhibited that vibrating saw reduced the consumed energy during frond cutting. Additionally, results revealed that the minimum power consumed by a vibrating saw was in Bream variety, while Tebarzal consumed the upmost energy when a reciprocating saw was used. Maximum vibration on X-axis was reported in Bream variety when a vibrating saw was used. Additionally, the reciprocating saw exhibited the highest vibration compared with the vibrating saw. Moreover, the reciprocating saw caused the lowest vibration in Tebarzal variety. Results indicated that the vibration imposed by both saws reached the maximum value in Bream variety. The vibrating saw resulted in the higher vibration toward Z axis, while the Reciprocating saw resulted in higher vibration toward X axis, which was more than eight times that recorded by the vibrating saw. Results indicate that vibration toward the Y axis increased significantly in Bream variety compared with others. Again, as in the situation with X and Z axis, the reciprocating saw exhibited the highest vibration compared to that resulted from using a vibrating saw which was more than three times the vibration caused by the vibrating saw.
The polymeric hydrogels composed of poly vinyl alcohol (m.wt 72000) and glutaraldehyde(5%,8% and 10%) , have been thermally prepared for the purpose of studying their swelling and drug release behavior . The swelling ratio was measured for all the hydrogel samples at 37°C, in three different media pH (1.2, 4.7 and 6.8) as a function of time. The results show that the maximum swelling ratios were arranged as follows :pH =6.8 > pH =4.7 > pH =1.2 hydrogels cross linked PVA showed a typical pH responsive behavior such as high pH has maximum swelling while low pH shows minimum swelling.
Violence is a speech in TV drama an important stage in the course of this experience and history in general. This experience has reflected the creative and ideological components and provided models of series involving the diversity as well as the abundance of Maantj even used contemporary societies to consume this amount of violence, crime and influenced generations Emma affected throated and characters that were not affected are learning and consisted of the names and the faces and actions of their stars and stories carried by.
Researcher puts the problem purely under the following question:
What are the treatments for directorial scenes of violence in the serial TV drama?
Then the methodological framework contained aim of the
Doctrinal responses
On the fabrications of succor
Tamimi
Ankylosing spondylitis is a complex debilitating disease because its pathogenesis is not clear. This study aims at detecting some pathogenesis factors that lead to induce the disease. Chlamydia pneumoniae is one of these pathogenesis factors which acts as a triggering factor for the disease. The study groups included forty Iraqi Ankylosing spondylitis patients and forty healthy persons as a control group. Immunological and molecular examinations were done to detect Chlamydia. pneumoniae in AS group. The immunological results were performed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) to detect anti-IgG and anti-IgM antibodies of C. pneumoniae revealed that five of forty AS patients' samples (12.5%) were positive for anti-IgG and IgM C. pneu
... Show MoreThe design processes in general and the design system in particular need to be studied and knowledge. Based on this vision, we find the need for constant research on the design processes, and the subject of the techniques of the designs of the covers of children magazines did not have the view of the researchers to make them the subject of study, For the subject of this research, the problem of research is determined according to the following question:
- What are the methods used in designing children magazine covers in Iraq?
Through this research we seek to find solutions to this question as well as it will serve the cognitive side of a modern study and development of a broader understanding of the subject. Through four
... Show MoreGeneral survey for wheat rust diseases in Iraqi fields was done during the seasons of 2010, 2011 and 2012. The survey covered different fields in southern, middle and northern regions. Results of the first season indicated that most of Iraqi cultivars such as Tmmoze2, IPA 99 and Mexipak showed different types of susceptibility to both yellow and leaf rust infection. Disease severity increased when the conditions were favorable for infections with using susceptible cultivars. The severity of leaf rust was less in the north region comparing with the middle and south regions. Most of the introduced cultivars such as Sham6 and Cimmyto showed susceptible reaction to yellow and leaf rust. Yellow rust was in epiphytotic form at the Iraqi-Syrian-Tu
... Show MoreThe aim of this paper is to study the best approximation of unbounded functions in the
weighted spaces
,
1, 0 ,
p
p L α
α ≥>.
Key Words: Weighted space, unbounded functions, monotone approximation
When embankment is constructed on very soft soil, special construction methods are adopted. One of the techniques is a piled embankment. Piled (stone columns) embankments provide an economic and effective solution to the problem of constructing embankments over soft soils. This method can reduce settlements, construction time and cost. Stone columns provide an effective improvement method for soft soils under light structures such as rail or road embankments. The present work investigates the behavior of the embankment models resting on soft soil reinforced with stone columns. Model tests were performed with different spacing distances between stone columns and two lengths to diameter ratios of the stone columns, in addition to different
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