تعد الحروب و الصراعات واحدة من اقدم الظواىر التي عرفتها المجتمعات البشرية وان ىذه الظاىرة تجسدت في البداية على مستوى الصراعات الفردية عندما كانت ترتقي الى مستوى الاشتباك وكانت بدائية في وسائلها وادواتها ،وكما ان ظاىرة الحرب بدأت من الاسرة ومن ثم القبيلة والعشيرة وانتهت بالدولة ،اذ ان ظاىرة الحروب بشكلها التقليدي تأخذ شكلا تدميريا بعد ان تتطور ابعادىا القصوى وان حدوثها ىو تضارب مصالح واىداف الاطراف وانها الوسيلة النهائية بعد ان تعجز الو سائل الاخرى في حسم الصراع او النزاع ،وان الحروب او الصراعات تعبر عن التناقض المفاىيمي والقيمي في مكون الايديولوجيات والمصالح والاىداف بين اطراف يصعب التوافق فيما بينهم ،وان الحرب ترتبط بالمجتمع الانساني وتعبر عن قيمتو الفكرية وعقائده الاقتصادية والفلسفية و الاجتماعية عندما تتعارض مع نظيرتها لدى الاطراف الاخرى وىي في الوقت ذاتو تعبر عن الارادة السياسية لصناع القرار من خلال نظرتهم للوسائل التي يتم بها تحقيق اىداف ومصالح دولهم.شهدت نهاية الحرب الباردة تحول في طبيعة مصادر التهديد والتي لم تقتصر على التهديدالعسكري او العدوان من طرف اخر و منها بروز العولمة الإلكترونية او الاقتصادية و البيئية كالفقر والمجاعة والامراض بالإضافة الى الحروب الاىلية والارىاب والجريمة المنظمة وتجارة المخدرات وانتشار الاسلحة ،وكما تحولت طبيعة الحروب ولم تعد حروب او صراعات بين الدول وقد اصبحت معظمها صراعات داخلية اطرافها افراد او جماعات تعمل على اضعاف الدول من الداخل في جميع النواحي ولهذا يصعب التحكم فيها ومما يجعل المنظور التقليدي للأمن عاجزا عن مواجهتها وىو مما ادى الى اعادة النظر في مفهوم الامن الانساني.
The aim of the research is to determine the impact of profit management practices on the quality of profits through the use of flexibility in determining accounting methods and practices profit information is one of the most important information that concerns current users in general and observing users in particular. Some corporations managements manipulate the results of the company's profit or loss (income statement) and financial position statement with multiple reasons, including capital market motivations to raise their share prices in the stock market and attract investors, and on the other hand the motives of funding and borrowing loans, and the use of the flexibility in accounting policies and estimates to change the in
... Show MoreThe researcher aims to Diagnose the reality of research variables, strategic leadership and decision support systems, and their impact on crisis management in the General Company for Steel Industries because of their important role in preventing crises and reducing their occurrence for the research company in particular and other companies in general affiliated with the Ministry of Industry and Minerals, as well as clarifying theoretical concepts of research variables As it included the answer to questions related to the research problem, including (Is there an impact of the strategic leadership in managing crises if decision support systems are used), and the researcher adopted the descriptive and analytical approach in its comp
... Show MoreOften requires the investor to know the result of the company's activity contribute to the investor or by wanting to invest in them because profit or loss of the company affect positively or negatively in the price of shares of the company and with the end of the fiscal year delayed companies often to issue its financial statements after it is approved and audited by an observer External Auditor, From here came the idea of research that appears to stakeholders of financial statements proactive appear, including actual figures for earlier stages have been prepared lists about lists and planned by the administration reflect the results of its phase remainder of the year as if they are (half a year or season or month) to offer At the
... Show MoreThe aim of the research is to examine the multiple intelligence test item selection based on Howard Gardner's MI model using the Generalized Partial Estimation Form, generalized intelligence. The researcher adopted the scale of multiple intelligences by Kardner, it consists of (102) items with eight sub-scales. The sample consisted of (550) students from Baghdad universities, Technology University, al-Mustansiriyah university, and Iraqi University for the academic year (2019/2020). It was verified assumptions theory response to a single (one-dimensional, local autonomy, the curve of individual characteristics, speed factor and application), and analysis of the data according to specimen partial appreciation of the generalized, and limits
... Show MoreThis study aims to analyze the messages of a number of global news outlets on Twitter. In order to clarify the news outlets tactics of reporting, the subjects and focus during the crisis related to the spread of the Covid-19 virus. The study sample was chosen in a deliberate manner to provide descriptive results. Three news sites were selected: two of the most followed, professional and famous international news sites: New York Times and the Guardian, and one Arab news site: Al-Arabiya channel.
A total of 18,085 tweets were analyzed for the three accounts during the period from (1/3/2020) to (8/4/2020). A content analysis form was used to analyze the content of the news coverage. The results indicate an increase in th
... Show Morethis research seeks to shed light on the study of the impact of Putinism on the Russian-Ukrainian war that broke out in early 2022, by studying the contents of the speeches of Russian President Vladimir Putin before the start of the war. This research uses the structural approach in analyzing the components of the Russian political regime. The research tools used in this research include case studies, content analysis of Russian speeches, and personal meetings of researchers and specialists in Russian affairs. It sums up a number of important conclusions, most notably are : 1) Putinism is a totalitarian regime that includes the political doctrine during the era of Russian President Vladimir Putin. 2) Duginism represents the totality of t
... Show MoreThis study is concerned with the effect of adding two kinds of ceramic materials on the mechanical properties of (Al-7%Si- 0.3%Mg) alloy, which are zirconia with particle size (20μm > P.S ≥ 0.1μm) and alumina with particle size (20μm > P.S ≥ 0.1μm) and adding them to the alloy with weight ratios (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1%). Stirring casting method has been used to make composite material by using vortex technique which is used to pull the particles to inside the melted metals and distributed them homogenously.
After that solution treatment was done to the samples at (520ºC) and artificial ageing at (170ºC) in different times, it has been noticed that the values of hardness is increased with the aging time of the o
... Show MoreObjective(s): to assess the effectiveness of educational program on improving diabetic foot self-efficacy concerning managing their feet. Methodology: A descriptive analytic (quasi – experimental) design study was carried out at Diabetic and Endocrinology Center in Baghdad- Rusafa Sector from 2nd of May 2017, to27th June 2018. Non-probability sample of (80) male and female diabetic patients were selected. The study instruments consisted of two major parts: first
Iraqi industrial units face strong competition due to many problems including1- high production costs2- weak interest in studying the market3- lack of government support for their products4- dumping the market with imported products with specifications and a competitive price as well as adopting the traditional cost system in calculating costs that do not provide appropriate information for pricing decisions Which requires studying and analyzing these problems and dealing with them by adopting modern technologies so that they can compete, so the research aims to show the knowledge bases of technology Activity- Based Costing, with an indication of the role of technology Activity- Based Costing in rationalizing the tax In, and the
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