تعد الحروب و الصراعات واحدة من اقدم الظواىر التي عرفتها المجتمعات البشرية وان ىذه الظاىرة تجسدت في البداية على مستوى الصراعات الفردية عندما كانت ترتقي الى مستوى الاشتباك وكانت بدائية في وسائلها وادواتها ،وكما ان ظاىرة الحرب بدأت من الاسرة ومن ثم القبيلة والعشيرة وانتهت بالدولة ،اذ ان ظاىرة الحروب بشكلها التقليدي تأخذ شكلا تدميريا بعد ان تتطور ابعادىا القصوى وان حدوثها ىو تضارب مصالح واىداف الاطراف وانها الوسيلة النهائية بعد ان تعجز الو سائل الاخرى في حسم الصراع او النزاع ،وان الحروب او الصراعات تعبر عن التناقض المفاىيمي والقيمي في مكون الايديولوجيات والمصالح والاىداف بين اطراف يصعب التوافق فيما بينهم ،وان الحرب ترتبط بالمجتمع الانساني وتعبر عن قيمتو الفكرية وعقائده الاقتصادية والفلسفية و الاجتماعية عندما تتعارض مع نظيرتها لدى الاطراف الاخرى وىي في الوقت ذاتو تعبر عن الارادة السياسية لصناع القرار من خلال نظرتهم للوسائل التي يتم بها تحقيق اىداف ومصالح دولهم.شهدت نهاية الحرب الباردة تحول في طبيعة مصادر التهديد والتي لم تقتصر على التهديدالعسكري او العدوان من طرف اخر و منها بروز العولمة الإلكترونية او الاقتصادية و البيئية كالفقر والمجاعة والامراض بالإضافة الى الحروب الاىلية والارىاب والجريمة المنظمة وتجارة المخدرات وانتشار الاسلحة ،وكما تحولت طبيعة الحروب ولم تعد حروب او صراعات بين الدول وقد اصبحت معظمها صراعات داخلية اطرافها افراد او جماعات تعمل على اضعاف الدول من الداخل في جميع النواحي ولهذا يصعب التحكم فيها ومما يجعل المنظور التقليدي للأمن عاجزا عن مواجهتها وىو مما ادى الى اعادة النظر في مفهوم الامن الانساني.
Biodiesel can be prepared from various types of vegetable oils or animal fats with the aid of a catalyst.
Calcium oxide (CaO) is one of the prospective heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel synthesis. Modification
of CaO by impregnation on silica (SiO2) can improve the performance of CaO as catalyst. Egg shells and rice
husks as biomass waste can be used as raw materials for the preparation of the silica modified CaO catalyst.
The present study was directed to synthesize and characterize CaO impregnated SiO2 catalyst from biomass
waste and apply it as catalyst in biodiesel synthesis. The catalyst was synthesized by wet impregnation
method and characterized by x-ray diffraction, x-ray fluorescence, nitr
This research aims to apply the Performance Focused Activity Based Costing System in the offices of scientific and advisory services at the University of Technology for the purpose of measuring the cost of services provided by these offices in order to reduce costs. To test the hypothesis of the research, the research was applied in the consulting offices of the University of Technology through the financial statements for the year ending 12/31/2017 of the Scientific and Consulting Services Office of the University of Technology, because the data of these years were issued and audited by the Federal Office of Financial Supervision.
A number of
... Show MoreThe research aimed at identifying the effect of the think, pair, and share strategy by using educational movies on learning jumping opened legs and closed legs skills on vault in artistic gymnastics for women. It also aimed at identifying the group that learned better the skills understudy. The researcher used the experimental method on second-grade College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences female students. Twelve female students were selected from each of the two sections to form the subjects of the study. The main program was applied for eight weeks with one learning session per week. The data was collected and treated using SPSS to conclude that the think, pair, and share strategy and the traditional program have positive effects
... Show MoreThe main objective of this study is to measure the Impact of global financial crisis on some indicators of the Saudi Arabia's economy using the Mendel-Fleming model, the importance of the study applied by focusing on the theme of general equilibrium in the face of fluctuations in the global economy. Study used a descriptive approach and the methodology of econometrics to construct the model. Study used Eviews Program for data analysis. The Data was collected from the Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency, for the period (1997-2014).Stationery of the variables was checked by Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips Perron (PP) unit roots tests. And also the co-integration
... Show MoreThe rental activity receives "significant" interest from accounting organizations interested in issuing accounting standards worldwide, such as the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). As leases represents an important source of finance for economic units as an alternative to financing assets through purchase or borrowing. Professional organizations have focused on addressing the situation of extra-budgetary funding through which the lessee hides many leases that are classified as financing without It shows in the budget, which gives an incorrect picture of the reality of the financial situation of economic unity, IASB has issued IFRS 16, which terminates off- Balance s
... Show MoreThe present research was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of a training program to improve some aspects of sensory integration disorder and its effect on self-direction among a sample of children with intellectual disabilities. The study sample consists of (10 subjects as an experimental group) were exposed to the training program، and the control group consists of (10 subjects as a control group) were not exposed to the training program. The study included the following tools: A scale of self-direction for intellectual disability (prepared by the researcher). Training program (prepared by the researcher). The Results of the study showed the following: There are no statistically significant differences between the means ranks
... Show MoreNo country in the world has an ancient heritage of its own. It represents the product of the civilizations left behind by previous eras. It represents the development of urban life and its capital of the interest of its people in the field of construction and reconstruction. The urban heritage and its associated arts may seem to be a material heritage at first glance, but it is not free from the spiritual side. Therefore, the nations in different parts of the earth cherish it and care for it with all due diligence, because it mixes with its history, memories and emotions.
This research discusses the use of local environment materials in the production of urban fabric constituents. I
هدف البحث إلى معرفة تقويم الكفاءة الادارية لأعضاء اللجان المشرفة على التطبيقات التدريسية في كليات التربية بجامعة بغداد من وجهة نظر التدريسيين المشرفين عليها. اعتمد البحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي. وتكون مجتمع البحث من (162) مشرفاً على التطبيقات التدريسية من كليات التربية/ جامعة بغداد، واختيرت عينة البحث بالطريقة العشوائية البسيطة، وبلغ عدد أفراد العينة (120) مشرفاً من الكليات آنفة الذكر. وتم بناء استبانة تضمنت (35)
... Show MoreDental caries (tooth decay) is one of the most prevalent infectious disease and although of multifactorial origin, Streptococcus mutans is considered the principal pathogen in its development (i.e. bacterial processes damage hard tooth structure (enamel, dentine and cementum), producing dental cavities (holes in the teeth). The bactericidal properties of the Nd:YAG laser has been researched analyzing its use in caries prevention and bacterial reduction. One hundred twenty five samples were collected from carious teeth and isolated bacteria were diagnosed using microscopic examination, culture, biochemical tests, and Api 20 strep system. The results of this study showed that a noticeable decrease in the viability of Streptococcus mutans w
... Show MoreThe aim of this research is to show the level of banking leadership trends in the importance of organizational confidence and its reflection in the dimensions of the strategic position the research was applied in a bank (Al- Mansour Investment, Business Bay), and the Questionnaire Was adopted as a tool to collect data and information from the number of the sample (15) who are in allocation (Department Manager, Department Manager Department Manager, Division Officer, Unit Officer) and he used the statistical program (spss) to calculate (standard deviation, arithmetic mean, percentages, regression, analysis,F-test coefficient of determination R2, Coefficieent, square Kay and the research reached a number of conclusions, the mos
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