Background: It had been found that passive smoking may have the same harmful effect as tobacco cigarettes smoking. Aims: This study was conducted to determine the effect of passive smoking on salivary glutathione peroxidase and selenium in relation to dental caries severity. Settings and Design: The sample consisted of 120 children aged 5 years old, classified into four groups according to the number of cigarettes smoked by their fathers daily: Passive smoking children of 5-10 cigarettes, those of 10–15 cigarettes daily, those of 15–20 cigarettes daily and non-passive smoking children of no smokers indoor (the control group). The sample was further classified according to dental caries severity into three groups: mild (DMFS values <4), moderate (DMFS values from 4 to 8) and severe (DMFS values >8). Methods and Material: Stimulated saliva was collected, and salivary glutathione peroxidase and selenium were chemically analysed. Results and Conclusions: Glutathione peroxidase and selenium were higher among non-passive smoking children than passive smoking children and they were higher among children with mild caries severity than in children with moderate or severe caries severity (p < 0.01). Passive smoking had significant effect in both salivary glutathione peroxidase and selenium (p < 0.01), while dental caries had non-significant effect on them (p > 0.05). In conclusion, passive smoking had deleterious effect in salivary glutathione peroxidase and selenium, while dental caries did not have effect on these two variables. There is no interaction between both passive smoking and dental caries in neither glutathione peroxidase nor selenium, so the effect of passive smoking on these two variables can exceed the effect of dental caries on them.
This study aimed to statement jet stream and its impact in the anti-cyclone affecting the climate of Iraq. Through the use of simple correlation coefficient ( Pearson ) that there is a very strong relationship between high- Siberian and both of the jet stream especially during the winter or over the stations of North . Therefore we, observe the relationship be significant in most of the winter months , spring and autumn . Statistically significant , but are different between station and another station , while the study come to another Anti-ciyclon have a real ,significant and statistically relationship corrclation . But this relationship is less than which found in are much less it with the Siberian high , it depends on the type of stat
... Show MoreObjectives Dental implant is a revolution in dentistry; some shortages are still a focus of research. This study use long duration of radiofrequency (RF)–magnetron sputtering to coat titanium (Ti) implant with hydroxyapatite (HA) to obtain a uniform, strongly adhered in a few micrometers in thickness. Materials and Methods Two types of substrates, discs and root form cylinders were prepared using a grade 1 commercially pure (CP) Ti rod. A RF–magnetron sputtering device was used to coat specimens with HA. Magnetron sputtering was set at 150 W for 22 hours at 100°C under continuous argon gas flow and substrate rotation at 10 rpm. Coat properties were evaluated via field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), scanning electro
... Show MoreChina's economic policy and its huge capabilities operate according to an expansion strategy, especially in investing foreign projects, as the past ten years have witnessed a major development in the elements of comprehensive strength, especially in the economic field, in 2014 China launched the largest initiative in the world, represented by the Belt and Road Project (BRI), which links nearly 70 countries, through this project, a very important region has emerged, which is (the port of cadres) in Pakistan, as China has headed towards that region and given the highest importance that is in its interest in the first place regardless of the great Pakistani interest, This is consistent with its future aspirations, especially after breaking
... Show MorePolish Academy of Sciences
The study aimed to investigate the relationship between empowerment strategies and their impact on the success of enrichment work, it included the dimensions of empowerment strategies (power, knowledge, information, rewards), The dimensions of Job enrichment are (Skill variety, Task identity, Task significance, Autonomy, Feedback). The study was conducted at the headquarters of the Iraqi Oil Ministry in Baghdad and was based on a sample of the leadership of the ministry of managers consisting of 215 people. The data were collected using the questionnaire method based on scientific standards adopted in previous st
... Show MoreThe research tagged (Perceived Organizational Support in High Performance) deals with identifying the extent of the impact of perceived organizational support as an explanatory variable on high performance as a response variable for the purpose of reaching appropriate mechanisms that enable colleges of the University of Baghdad to exploit the perceived organizational support in achieving the required high performance and pursuit of its goals. The researcher relied on the descriptive and analytical approach in carrying out the research. An intentional sample was selected and reached (70) persons from the higher leadership of the colleges represented by (deans, assistants deans, heads of departments) that r
... Show MoreThe objective of this research is to measure the training programs and identify the nature and then measure how it reflected on the quality of municipal services provided by the municipal departments investigated by measuring the quality of services based on quality standards, the researcher chose four municipal departments in the Rusafa / Baghdad (164 people) representing the directors and their assistants, officials of the municipal departments, the people and the engineering staff in charge of the task forces as well, including the survey of the views of the concerned persons in the management of the Vocational Training Institute in the Secretariat of the Republic, The quality of the municipal services
... Show MoreThe research aimed mainly to discover the effectiveness of the (PEOE) model in teaching science to develop the skills of generating and evaluating information and the emotional side of the scientific sense of the intermediate first grade students. An experimental approach with a quasi-experimental design called pre-test and post-test control design was used. The research sample consisted of (60) students, who were selected in a random cluster method, (30) students in the experimental group studied the unit "The Nature of Material" using the (PEOE) model, and (30) students in the control group studied according to the prevailing method of teaching. The research materials and tools were represented in: a teacher's guide for teaching the un
... Show MoreA new efficient Two Derivative Runge-Kutta method (TDRK) of order five is developed for the numerical solution of the special first order ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The new method is derived using the property of First Same As Last (FSAL). We analyzed the stability of our method. The numerical results are presented to illustrate the efficiency of the new method in comparison with some well-known RK methods.
AO Dr. Ali Jihad, Journal of Physical Education, 2021