Polarization manipulation elements operating at visible wavelengths represent a critical component of quantum communication sub-systems, equivalent to their telecom wavelength counterparts. The method proposed involves rotating the optic axis of the polarized input light by an angle of 45 degree, thereby converting the fundamental transverse electric (TE0) mode to the fundamental transverse magnetic (TM0) mode. This paper outlines an integrated gallium phosphide-waveguide polarization rotator, which relies on the rotation of a horizontal slot by 45 degree at a wavelength of 700 nm. This will ultimately lead to the conception of a mode hybridization phenomenon in the waveguide. The simulation results demonstrate a polarization conversion efciency of 99.99% (99.98%) for TE0-to-TM0 (TM0-to-TE0) mode conversion, with an extinction ratio of 46.14 (39.62) dB and insertion loss below 1.6 dB at the specifed wavelength. Additionally, the fabrication tolerance with regard to the width, height, and half-beat length of the proposed structure is investigated
Abstract
The aim of this research is to concentrate on the of knowledge management activities, initial activities: (Acquisition, Selection, Generation, Assimilation, Emission) knowledge, and support activities: (Measurement, Control, Coordination, Leadership) that is manipulate and controlling in achieving knowledge management cases in organization, that’s is leads to knowledge chain model, then determining the level of membership for these activities to knowledge chain model in a sample of Iraqi organization pushed by knowledge (Universities). The research depends on check list for gaining the data required, theses check list designed by apparently in diagnosing research dimensions and measurem
... Show MoreSeveral methods have been developed for routing problem in MANETs wireless network, because it considered very important problem in this network ,we suggested proposed method based on modified radial basis function networks RBFN and Kmean++ algorithm. The modification in RBFN for routing operation in order to find the optimal path between source and destination in MANETs clusters. Modified Radial Based Neural Network is very simple, adaptable and efficient method to increase the life time of nodes, packet delivery ratio and the throughput of the network will increase and connection become more useful because the optimal path has the best parameters from other paths including the best bitrate and best life link with minimum delays. The re
... Show MoreA perturbed linear system with property of strong observability ensures that there is a sliding mode observer to estimate the unknown form inputs together with states estimation. In the case of the electro-hydraulic system with piston position measured output, the above property is not met. In this paper, the output and its derivatives estimation were used to build a dynamic structure that satisfy the condition of strongly observable. A high order sliding mode observer (HOSMO) was used to estimate both the resulting unknown perturbation term and the output derivatives. Thereafter with one signal from the whole system (piton position), the piston position make tracking to desire one with a simple linear output feedback controller after ca
... Show MoreEdge computing is proved to be an effective solution for the Internet of Things (IoT)-based systems. Bringing the resources closer to the end devices has improved the performance of the networks and reduced the load on the cloud. On the other hand, edge computing has some constraints related to the amount of the resources available on the edge servers, which is considered to be limited as compared with the cloud. In this paper, we propose Software-Defined Networking (SDN)-based resources allocation and service placement system in the multi-edge networks that serve multiple IoT applications. In this system, the resources of the edge servers are monitored using the proposed Edge Server Application (ESA) to determine the state of the edge s
... Show MoreAs of late, humankind has experienced radiation issues either computerized tomography (CT) or X-rays. In this investigation, we endeavor to limit the effect of examination hardware. To do this the medical image is cropping (cut and zoom) then represented the vascular network as a graph such that each contraction as the vertices and the vessel represented as an edges, the area of the coagulation was processed already, in the current search the shortest distance to reach to the place of the blood vessel clot is computed
Natural gas and oil are one of the mainstays of the global economy. However, many issues surround the pipelines that transport these resources, including aging infrastructure, environmental impacts, and vulnerability to sabotage operations. Such issues can result in leakages in these pipelines, requiring significant effort to detect and pinpoint their locations. The objective of this project is to develop and implement a method for detecting oil spills caused by leaking oil pipelines using aerial images captured by a drone equipped with a Raspberry Pi 4. Using the message queuing telemetry transport Internet of Things (MQTT IoT) protocol, the acquired images and the global positioning system (GPS) coordinates of the images' acquisition are
... Show MoreThe performance of H2S sensor based on poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA)-CdS nanocomposite fabricated by spray pyrolysis technique has been reported. XRD pattern diffraction peaks of nano CdS has been indexed to the hexagonally wurtzite structured The nanocomposite exhibits semiconducting behavior with optical energy gap of4.06eV.SEM morphology appears almost tubes like with CdS/PMMA network. That means the addition of CdS to polymer increases the roughness in the film and provides high surface to volume ratio, which helps gas molecule to adsorb on these tubes. The resistance of PMMA-CdS nanocomposite showed a considerable change when exposed to H2S gas. Fast response time to detect H2S gas was achieved by using PMMA-CdS thin film sensor. The
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