Most drugs undergo some metabolism in the liver before excretion by the kidneys or bile. Thus, it is not surprising that liver injury may be provoked due to its exposure to various drugs and compounds. Drug-induced cholestatic liver injury may occur particularly under conditions of increased drug concentrations, genetic alterations in expression of enzymes or transporters. Additionally, the drug-induced cholestasis can be caused by direct toxic effects of drugs or their metabolites on different hepatic cell types or through an immune-mediated process. Amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid, an antibiotic that is therapeutically utilized for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. Omega-3 fatty acids are unsaturated fatty acids that have ro

Amino and fatty acids in the liver tissue of Uromastyx aegyptius microlepis during the periods of hibernation (December) and activity (May) were estimate by a high performance liquid chromatography, liver of a lizard during the activity and hibernation seasons, contained 18 amino acids, which include, 10 essential amino acids and 8 non-essential amino acids, and the liver in the male lizard contained five fatty acids during each season, the concentration rates of all the amino acids during the activity season were higher than their counterparts during the hibernation season, the total concentrations of essential and non-essential amino acids during the activity season were 19434.8 µg/ml, which was greater than the total concentrations leve

         Toxoplasma gondii is an protozoan intracellular coccidian protozoan parasite. Latent toxoplasmosis threat to immunocompetent individuals. Diabetic patients are more susceptible to infect with toxoplasmosis due to their low level of immunity response. The purpose of this research is to define the association between toxoplasmosis and diabetes mellitus and detection serum levels of chemokines (monocyte chemoattractant protien-1 and transforming growth factor-β) in diabetic patients infected with toxoplasmosis. Serum samples were collected from 120 diabetic patients and 50 healthy individuals as a control group  from the Imamein Kadhimein Medical City in Baghdad. In order&nbs

The percentage of fatty acids, quantity of tocopherols, tocotrienols, carotens and physiochemical characteristics of crude red palm oil have been evaluated, in addition to specific chemical detection of active compounds unsaponifiable matters. Results of Gas Liquid Chromatography showed:- The major fatty acids in red palm oil is palmitic (44.36%) then oleic (39.65%), linolenic (10.55%), stearic (3.56%), myristic (1.22%), arachdonic (0.24%) and palmotic (0.19%). Red palm oil contains ? – ?- ?- ? – Tocopherols with concentration 258 , 121 , 259, 109 m/kg oil , ? – ?- ?- ? – Tocotrienol with concentration 462.77 , 571.03, 619.18, 509.07 m/kg oil respectively. Total tocopherols & tocotrienols 2909.05 m/kg oil and

A new Schiff base ligand [L] [3-methyl-9,10 phenyl -6,7 dihydro-5,8 –dioxo-1,2 diazo –cyclo dodecu 2,11-diene ,4-one ] and its complexes with (Co(II), Ni(II), Cu (II), Zn(II) and Cd(II)) were synthesis.This ligand was prepared in three steps, in the first step a solution of salicyladehyed in methanol reacted under refluxed with hydrazine monohydrate to give an (intermediate compound 1) which reacted in the second step with sodium pyruvate to give an (intermediate compound 2) which gave the ligand [L] in the three step when it reacted with 1,2- dichloro ethane.The complexes were synthesized by direct reaction of the corresponding metal chloride with the ligand. The ligand and complexes were characterized by spectroscopic methods [IR, UV-

Innovative various Schiff bases and their Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) and Hg(II)  compounds made by the condensation of 4-amino antipyrine with derived aminobenzoic acid (2-aminobenzoic acid, 3-aminobenzoic acid, and 4-aminobenzoic acid ) have been prepared by conventional approaches. These complexes were described by magnetic sensibility analysis, FT-IR spectra, and molar-conductance and elemental analysis. Analytical values appeared which the mixed-ligand complexes presented ratio about 2:1 (ligand: metal) with the chelation 4 or 6. The prepared compounds offered a good effect on the organisms; bacteria Staphylococcus-aurous, Escherichia-coli and fungi C. albicans, A. niger. Also, the biological products signalize which the mixed compl

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder affecting people worldwide, which require constant monitoring of their glucose levels. Commonly employed procedures include collection of blood or urine samples causing discomfort to the patients. Necessity arises to find alternative non invasive technique is required to monitor glucose levels. Saliva is one of most abundant secretions in the human body and its collection is easy, noninvasive and painless technique. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of saliva as a diagnostic tool by study the correlation between blood and salivary glucose levels and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c%) in diabetes and non diabetes, and the comparison of salivary glucose level

0

This work represents the preparation of the starting material, 3-chloro-2-oxo-1,4-dithiacyclohexane (S) using a new method. This material was reacted with, 4-phenylthiosemicarbazide to give (H3NS3) as a tetradentate ligand H3L. New complex of rhenium (V) with this ligand of the formula [ReO(L)] was prepared. New complexes of the general formula [M(HL)] of this ligand when reacted with some metal ions where: M = Ni(II), Cu(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Hg(II) have been reported. The ligand and the complexes were characterized by infrared, ultraviolet–visible, mass, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance and atomic absorption spectroscopic techniques and by (HPLC), elemental analysis, and electrical conductivity. The proposed structure for H3L with Re (V) i