Judicial jurisprudence is one of the important legal solutions to address the shortcomings of legislation. Throughout its long history, human societies have known many cases in which the judge finds himself facing a legislative vacuum in addition to civil legal texts that are difficult for the judge to implement due to ambiguity or contradiction, which requires diligence. To rule on resolving disputes before him in order not to deny justice, but the judge in his jurisprudence was not absolute, but rather bound by certain controls represented by observing the wisdom of legislation on the one hand and taking into account the nature of the texts on the other side, and from here this research came to shed light on the jurisprudence and its controls. We have reached a set of recommendations, the most important of which is the need to amend Articles (1) and (2) of the Iraqi Civil Code, as well as a set of recommendations that we have mentioned in the course of the research, which we hope the legislator and judges will pay attention to.
Quality is one of the important criteria to determine the success of product. So quality control is required for all stages of production to ensure a good final product with lowest possible losses. Control charts are the most important means used to monitor the quality and its accuracy is measured by quickly detecting unusual changes in the quality to maintain the product and reduce the costs and losses that may result from the defective items. There are different types of quality control charts and new types appeases involving the concept of fuzziness named multinomial fuzzy quality control chart (FM) , dividing the product to accepted and not may not be accurate therefore adding fuzziness concept to quality charts confirm and a
... Show MoreMany approaches of different complexity already exist to edge detection in
color images. Nevertheless, the question remains of how different are the results
when employing computational costly techniques instead of simple ones. This
paper presents a comparative study on two approaches to color edge detection to
reduce noise in image. The approaches are based on the Sobel operator and the
Laplace operator. Furthermore, an efficient algorithm for implementing the two
operators is presented. The operators have been applied to real images. The results
are presented in this paper. It is shown that the quality of the results increases by
using second derivative operator (Laplace operator). And noise reduced in a good
Is a theme of foreign direct investment and indirect interest of the world, especially developing countries, and the growing interest in recent issue of investment in Iraq and the region being one of the countries aspiring to attract foreign investment, especially in the natural resources sector, having changed relatively Look uncertainty towards foreign investors, both of by the state or its citizens.
Although mutual cooperation between the state invested and investors to identify those rights and obligations in terms of scope or content of the contract between the parties, but it might get a conflict between the two parties in the exact content of the rights enjoyed by the investor and the obligations due to breach of one of th
... Show MoreFor the premature termination of the contract is the creditor’s ability to request the termination of the contract due to the debtor’s breach of the execution date based on the debtor’s explicitness not to perform upon the occurrence of this date or because of a presumption proving that breach. Or return it to the extent of the creditor’s ability to prove what he claims, and thus the burden of proof falls on the creditor.
There is no difficulty in proving the debtor's declaration of non-performance, but the difficulty lies in proving the perceived breach in the future, that is, the creditor concludes earlier on the date of implementation that the debtor will breach his obligation and therefore the creditor does not obtain
... Show MoreThe immunity enjoyed by members of parliament is one of the most important guarantees for the performance of their parliamentary work, which protects them from threats or any reprisals against them.
There are two types of immunity:
Objective immunity: the member does not bear any responsibility for the opinions, ideas, and statements he expresses within the council or its committees, but even outside it by some systems.
Procedural immunity: that prevents criminal actions from being taken during or outside the session of the Council, with the approval of a body specified by the constitutions of the countries under study, but it is restricted by conditions and controls stipulated. It contains constitut
... Show MoreThe research discusses the need to find the innovative structures and methodologies for developing Human Capital (HC) in Iraqi Universities. One of the most important of these structures is Communities of Practice (CoPs) which contributes to develop HC by using learning, teaching and training through the conversion speed of knowledge and creativity into practice. This research has been used the comparative approach through employing the methodology of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) by using (Excel 2010 - Solver) as a field evidence to prove the role of CoPs in developing HC. In light of the given information, a researcher adopted on an archived preliminary data about (23) colleges at Mosul University as a deliberate sample for t
... Show MoreThis study seeks to clarify the adequacy of the current legal texts - procedural and objective - to respond to our situation under Corona and whether it needs to modify or develop treatment for this general exceptional circumstance or to avoid it, and the appropriateness of the idea of force majeure or emergency circumstance or (the idea of foreign reason) to face the consequences or effects of Corona on the rules of litigation and the formation of the court and its jurisdiction and procedural appointments and litigation procedures and appeal and judgment and its implementation in order to maintain and implement the public order that interferes with the mechanisms and measures taken It is intended and has legal and judicial implications
... Show MorePolice play an important role in any society. Where they maintain public order by stopping and deterring crime and bringing criminals to justice. In order to achieve these objectives, they have certain means of law (search, arrest, use of force that may be lethal in some cases). However, such means may be misused in a way that harms members of society such as (Exceeding the Scope of a search warrant, violation of privacy of individuals, False Imprisonment, Excessive use of force, Sudden Deaths in custody, Sexual Assault and Harassment, Failure to respond for Domestic violence calls), which raises the civil liability of police officers and their agencies for such damage. Police officers may even abuse their characteristics even outside offic
... Show MoreIn our time, not too long ago, the universities of the world have been fast to take care of the study of an innovative type of technical and human studies, called the science of "comparative literature". Comparative research studies have grown and flourished rapidly in response to the demands of both mental and artistic life. This shows the increasing awareness at both the modern national and the international levels in order to develop through connecting with the international intellectual, nental and artistic currents to nurture ethics and originality. Comparative studies show that the beginning of the comparative literature goes back to the time when the Latin literature was connected to the Greek literature and th
... Show MoreSome of the issues that have become common in our society recently after the Americans entered our country and were rubbed by some security agencies: obtaining some information from children, and the serious consequences that may lead to the lives of innocent people, became common interrogation of some security agencies and rely on their words.
There are significant cases where their testimony needs to be heard, such as their presence in some places where incidents are not witnessed by others, such as schools or being witnesses to certain crimes.
I saw the study of this case in the light of Sharia and law