In this study, novel Schiff base complexes with Zn(II) and Co(II) ions were successfully synthesized. The malonic acid dihydrazide was converted into the Schiff base ligand by combining it with 1-hydroxy-2-naphthaldehyde, and the last step required reacting it with the appropriate metal(II) chloride to produce pure target complexes. The generated complexes were thoroughly characterized using FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, GC-mass, and UV-Vis spectroscopies. In order to photo-stabilize polystyrene (PS) and reduce the photodegradation of its polymeric chains, these chemicals have been used in this work. The efficiency of the generated complexes as photo-stabilizers was evaluated using a variety of techniques, including FTIR, weight loss, viscosity average molecular weight, light and atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) mapping. These tests corroborated each other and demonstrated how effectively new compounds stabilize PS photographs. As a result, compared to blank PS, they reduce the photodegradation of PS films containing these complexes after 300 h of exposure to UV radiation with a wavelength of 313 nm. Also, it has demonstrated how effective the cobalt complex is as a photo-stabilizer. The highly conjugated systems in these chemicals are to blame for this.
Government spending is the tool that the state uses to achieve its various goals. The research aims to identify the most important determinants of government spending in Iraq and to indicate the type and nature of the relationship between government spending and its determinants, which will contribute to understanding the movement of government spending. The results of the co-integration test using the border test methodology showed that the variables of population growth and oil prices have a long-term effect on government spending while inflation is not significant in the long run, and that 47% of the equilibrium imbalance (short-term imbalance) in government spending in the previous period (t-) can be corrected in the current period (t)
... Show MoreNumber of new polyester and polyamide are prepared as derivatives from 5,5`-(1,4-phenylene)-bis-(1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-amine) [C1], three series of heterocyclic compounds were synthesized.The first series includes the Schiff base [C2] prepared from the reaction between compound [C1] with p-hydroxy benzaldehyde in presence of acetic acid and absolute ethanol , then these derivatives have reaction with maleic anhydride , phthalic anhydride and sodium azide, respectively to obtain the compounds [C3-5] contaning (oxazepine and tetrazole) rings.The third series of compounds [C1-5] has transformed to their polymers [C6-15] by reaction with adipoyl chloride and glutroyl chloride , respectively. The reaction was followed by T.L.C and ident
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The present work involved four steps: First step include reaction of acrylamide ,N-?-Methylen-bis(acryl amide) and N-tert Butyl acryl amide with poly acryloyl chloride in the presence of triethyl amine (Et3N) as catalyst, the second step include homopolymerization of all products of the first step by using benzoyl peroxide(BPO) as initiator in (80-90)Co in the presence of Nitrogen gas(N2). In the third step the poly acrylimide which prepare in second step was convert into potassium salt by using alcoholic potassium hydroxide solution. Fourth step include Alkylation of the prepared polymeric salts in third step by react it with different alkyl halides(benzyl chloride, allylbromide , methyl iodide) by using DMF as solvent for(10-12) hours.
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A new derivative of PAM, acrylamide was copolymerized with succinic anhydride, and the reaction product reacted with three dyes, anthocyanin, bromophenol, and thymol. The prepared polymers were characterized by X-ray diffraction, FT-IR and UV-visible spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, and thermal analysis. FT-IR spectroscopy showed the disappearance of two bands near 3450 and 3380 cm-1 for the stretching vibrations of the primary amine which indicates for the formation of amides. The UV-photolysis of aqueous solutions of different concentrations of the polymers was studied. Polyacrylamide-g-succinic anhydride showed an increase in polymerization under light. An increase of ~ 50% was observed for a 200 mg/L
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Trickle irrigation is a system for supplying filtered water and fertilizer directly into the soil and water and it is allowed to dissipate under low pressure in an exact predetermined pattern. An equation to estimate the wetted area of unsaturated soil with water uptake by roots is simulated numerically using the HYDRUS-2D/3D software. In this paper, two soil types, which were different in saturated hydraulic conductivity were used with two types of crops tomato and corn, different values of emitter discharge and initial volumetric soil moisture content were assumed. It was assumed that the water uptake by roots was presented as a continuous sink function and it was introduced into Richard's equation in the unsaturated z
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It was aimed to investigate the compressibility, compactibility, powder flow and tablet disintegration of a new excipient comprising magnesium (Mg) silicate co-processed (5%–85% w/w) onto chitin, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and starch as the hydrophilic polymers of interest. Initially, the mechanism of tablet disintegration was studied by measuring water infiltration rate, moisture sorption, swelling capacity and hydration ability. Moreover, the powders compression behavior was carried out by applying Kawakita model of compression analysis in addition to porosity and radial tensile strength measurements. In vitro drug release of compacts made of 400 mg ibuprofen and 300 mg of the hydrophilic polymers containing 30% w/w Mg silicat
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